[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [摩訶止觀](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911) › 3.198 # 摩訶止觀 3.198 摩訶止觀 3.198 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.198](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.3.198) ○三、明偏圓者，偏名偏僻；圓名圓滿。通途一往喚小為偏，于何不得？別義分別，意則不可。半、小兩名，剋定局短，引不得長；偏義亘通，從小之大。譬如半月，齊上下弦。漸月不爾，始自弓娥，終十四夜，皆稱為漸；唯十五夜，乃稱圓滿月。小、半亦爾，齊於析法，半字小乘，不得名「大」。偏意則遠，從初三藏析法止觀已上，別教止觀去邊入中已還，皆名為「偏」。故《大經》云：「自此之前，我等皆名邪見人也。」唯此圓教止觀，一心三諦，隨自意語，獨當圓稱也。 > Third, clarifying the biased and the perfect: 'Biased' means one-sided; 'perfect' means complete and round. In a general and straightforward sense, calling the small 'biased'—in what way could that not be permissible? But when distinguishing with specific meanings, that intention is inadmissible. The two terms 'half' and 'small' are strictly delimited and short; they cannot be extended far. The meaning of 'biased' spans across, extending from the small to the large. For example, the half moon matches the first and last quarters. The waxing moon is not like this: beginning from the slender crescent and ending on the fourteenth night, all are called gradual; only the fifteenth night is called the full moon. The small and the half are also like this: they match the analysis of dharmas; the half-letter Hinayāna cannot be called 'great.' The sense of 'biased' is far-reaching: from the initial calming and contemplation analyzing dharmas in the Tripiṭaka upward, down to the calming and contemplation of the distinctive teaching that departs from the extremes and enters the middle, all are called 'biased.' Therefore the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra says: 'Prior to this, all of us were called people of wrong views.' Only this calming and contemplation of the perfect teaching, of the three truths in a single mind, expounded in accordance with the Buddha's own intent, exclusively warrants the designation 'perfect.' > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.197](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.3.197) - [Next: 3.199](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.3.199) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911~en-mt.3.198) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.3.198](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.3.198) · Pramāṇa