[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [摩訶止觀](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911) › 6.31 # 摩訶止觀 6.31 摩訶止觀 6.31 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [6.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.6.31) 四、借別名名通家菩薩位者：乾慧是外凡；性地是內凡。八人為初地；十五心為二地；十六心為三地。此三地皆不出觀而斷見惑。四忍為初地；四智為二地；四比忍為三地；四比智為四地。此四地皆不出觀而斷見惑。如此釋者，豈與舊同云云。薄即五地，斷六品思；離欲即六地，斷九品思；已辦即七地，斷色、無色思盡。支佛即八地，乃至佛地，斷習、無知，例前云云。舊云「六地斷思盡齊羅漢」，或用《仁王經》「七地齊羅漢」。但六地名離欲，止離欲界九品，秖可與阿那含齊。縱令帶果行向，猶有非想第九品在，亦不得與羅漢齊。若七地是已辦，就果可爾；向來屬果，則初禪初品已屬七地，爾時得名已辦。 > Fourth, regarding borrowing the distinctive designations to name the stages of the bodhisattva of the shared \[teaching\]: dry wisdom is the outer ordinary person; the nature stage is the inner ordinary person. The stage of the eight persons is the first bhūmi; the fifteen minds are the second bhūmi; the sixteen minds are the third bhūmi. In these three bhūmis, delusions of view are severed without ever emerging from contemplation. Or, the four forbearances are the first bhūmi; the four cognitions are the second bhūmi; the four comparative forbearances are the third bhūmi; the four comparative cognitions are the fourth bhūmi. In these four bhūmis, delusions of view are severed without ever emerging from contemplation. How could an explanation such as this be the same as the old \[explanations\], and so forth? \[The stage of\] thinning is the fifth bhūmi, severing six grades of thought \[delusion\]; \[the stage of\] freedom from desire is the sixth bhūmi, severing nine grades of thought \[delusion\]; \[the stage of\] having accomplished is the seventh bhūmi, severing the thought \[delusions\] of the form and formless \[realms\] completely. The pratyekabuddha is the eighth bhūmi, up to the Buddha stage, cutting off residual habits and ignorance, which may be understood by analogy with what preceded, and so forth. The old \[interpreters\] said: 'In the sixth bhūmi, thought \[delusion\] is severed completely, equaling the arhat,' or they relied on the Benevolent Kings Sūtra, \[which says\] 'The seventh bhūmi equals the arhat.' However, the sixth bhūmi is named 'freedom from desire,' only departing from the nine grades of the desire realm, so it can only be equal to the anāgāmin. Even if one bears the fruition while practicing toward the next, the ninth grade of neither-thought\[-nor-non-thought\] still remains, so one also cannot be equal to an arhat. If the seventh bhūmi is \[the stage of\] having accomplished, in terms of the fruition it could be so; but if the approach is subsumed under the fruition, then the first grade of the first dhyāna would already belong to the seventh bhūmi, and at that time it would obtain the name 'having accomplished.' > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 6.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.6.30) - [Next: 6.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.6.32) - [Up: 6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.6) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911~en-mt.6.31) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.6.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1911.6.31) · Pramāṇa