[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [止觀輔行傳弘決](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1912) › 2.33 # 止觀輔行傳弘決 2.33 止觀輔行傳弘決 2.33 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1912.2.33) 次別明十界。初四趣中，「眼識能見」等者，此依經部，附近小乘故云識見。由此展轉更互因緣，如是次第生於十界。「貪染於色」等者，貪為惑本，毀戒墮獄。毀戒，具如篇聚持犯中明。「實愛言不」，墮諂誑故。「計我我所」等者，問：一切凡夫誰得免者，而獨判屬畜生四運？答：語通意別。若齊聖斷者，此屬通意；此中即以眷屬為所。次人天中，「他惠我色不與不取」等者，他惠乃取，離不與取。下句顯上成他惠義。不惠不取，故云不與不取。以禮亡財，名為他惠。若為父母夫主佛法之所護者，不惠而取，名不與取。他惠，復離非時非處非理非量及衒賣等。別論雖爾，通意可知。餘色餘塵餘界皆爾，是故須明仁讓等五。讓者義也。貞者正也。清正自守即是禮也，動中規矩故也。明即是智，有權變故。餘名同舊。五常若具，五戒必全；十善若備，十惡必息。始為欲界地居人天，欲界空居及色無色文略不論。 > Next, explaining the ten realms individually. First, among the four destinies, regarding "the eye-consciousness can see" and so forth: this relies on the Sautrāntika school, which borders on the Hīnayāna, and hence speaks of "consciousness seeing." From this, operating as mutual conditions in turn, the ten realms are thus produced in sequence. Regarding "greedy attachment to visible form" and so forth: greed is the root of defilements; breaking the precepts leads to falling into hell. The breaking of precepts is explained in detail in the sections on holding and violating \[the rules in\] the categories \[of monastic offences\]. "Genuinely desiring but saying one does not" is due to falling into flattery and deceit. Regarding "grasping at self and what belongs to self" and so forth, question: Which ordinary person can escape this? Why then is it assigned exclusively to the four phases of movement of animals? Answer: The words are general, but the meaning is specific. If aligned with what holy ones sever, this belongs to the general meaning; but here, it takes family and retinue as "what belongs to self." Next, in the human and heavenly realms, regarding "another bestows visible form upon me; not taking what is not given" and so forth: taking only when another bestows it is being free from taking what is not given. The subsequent clause clarifies the preceding one to establish the meaning of "another bestowing." Not taking when it is not bestowed—hence it says "neither giving nor taking." Parting with wealth through proper etiquette is called "another bestowing." If it is protected by parents, husband, master, or the Buddha-Dharma, taking it without it being bestowed is called "taking what is not given." "Another bestowing" is also free from improper times, improper places, improper reasons, improper amounts, ostentatious selling, and the like. Although it is thus when discussed specifically, the general meaning can be understood. The remaining forms, the remaining sense-data, and the remaining realms are all likewise. Therefore, one must clarify the five \[constants\] such as benevolence and deference. Deference is righteousness. Chastity is uprightness. Pure and upright self-restraint is propriety, because in every movement one accords with standard rules. Brilliance is wisdom, because it involves expedient adaptability. The remaining names are the same as of old. If the five constants are complete, the five precepts will certainly be kept intact; if the ten wholesome deeds are fully present, the ten unwholesome deeds will certainly cease. Only then does one become a terrestrial human or heavenly being of the desire realm; heavenly beings dwelling in the space of the desire realm, as well as the form and formless realms, are omitted from the text and not discussed. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1912.2.32) - [Next: 2.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1912.2.34) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1912.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1912~en-mt.2.33) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1912.2.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1912.2.33) · Pramāṇa