[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [釋禪波羅蜜次第法門](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1916) › 4.6 # 釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 4.6 釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 4.6 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [4.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1916.4.6) 今釋第一、煩惱數量。煩惱者，《涅槃經》云：「煩惱即是惡法。」若具論惡法，名數眾多，今略約五種不善惡法開合，以辨數量。五種不善法者：一、覺觀不善法；二、貪欲不善法；三、瞋恚不善法；四、愚癡不善法；五、惡業不善法。若開，乃有八萬四千，論其根本，不過但有三毒等分。若合，五不善法為四分煩惱者，三毒即守本，還為三分，並屬習因覺觀、惡業障道，此二不善，合為一分。所以者何？覺觀，即是帶三分煩惱而生，亦得說為習因等分。惡業障道，屬報因等分。習、報合論，但說一等分。故五種不善法，若一往合說，即但有四分，開論，即為八萬四千者，如《摩訶衍論》中所明：「貪欲煩惱具足二萬一千，瞋恚煩惱具足二萬一千，愚癡煩惱具足二萬一千，等分煩惱具足二萬一千，四分煩惱合出八萬四千塵勞。佛為對此說八萬四千法門為治。」今處中而明，是故但約五種不善惡法以辨惡根性發相。所以者何？上明善根性發，既約五種分別，今明惡根性發，豈不但據五不善法而辨？此則藥病相對，法相孱齊，行者欲修禪定，必須善分別之。 > Now, explaining the first, the number of afflictions: Regarding afflictions, the Nirvāṇa Sūtra says: 'Afflictions are precisely unwholesome dharmas.' If we were to discuss unwholesome dharmas fully, their names and numbers would be multitudinous. Now, we briefly rely on the expansion and contraction of five kinds of unwholesome and evil dharmas to distinguish their numbers. The five kinds of unwholesome dharmas are: first, the unwholesome dharma of vitarka and vicāra; second, the unwholesome dharma of covetous desire; third, the unwholesome dharma of anger and ill will; fourth, the unwholesome dharma of delusion; fifth, the unwholesome dharma of evil karma. If expanded, there are 84,000; discussing their root, they are nothing more than the three poisons and their equal combination. If we combine the five unwholesome dharmas into four divisions of afflictions, the three poisons keep their original \[nature\] and return to being three divisions, all belonging to habitual causes; vitarka-vicāra and path-obstructing evil karma—these two unwholesome \[dharmas\]—are combined into one division. Why is this? Vitarka and vicāra arise carrying the three divisions of afflictions and can also be said to be the equal combination of habitual causes. Path-obstructing evil karma belongs to the equal combination of retributive causes. Discussing habitual \[causes\] and retributive \[causes\] together, they are only spoken of as one equal combination. Therefore, if the five kinds of unwholesome dharmas are spoken of collectively for the time being, there are only four divisions; when expanded and discussed, they become 84,000. As explained in the Mahāyāna Treatise: 'Covetous desire afflictions are fully 21,000; anger and ill-will afflictions are fully 21,000; delusion afflictions are fully 21,000; equal-combination afflictions are fully 21,000. The four divisions of afflictions together produce 84,000 defilements of toil. Countering these, the Buddha taught 84,000 Dharma gates as remedies.' Now, explaining from the middle, we therefore only rely on the five kinds of unwholesome, evil dharmas to distinguish the marks of the manifestation of unwholesome dispositions. Why is this? Above, the manifestation of wholesome dispositions was already differentiated in terms of five kinds; now, in clarifying the manifestation of unwholesome dispositions, how could we not distinguish them based on the five unwholesome dharmas? In this way, medicines and diseases correspond to one another, and the marks of dharmas match evenly. If a practitioner wishes to cultivate dhyāna-concentration, they must distinguish them skillfully. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1916.4.5) - [Next: 4.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1916.4.7) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1916.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1916~en-mt.4.6) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1916.4.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1916.4.6) · Pramāṇa