[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [四教義](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1929) › 6.8 # 四教義 6.8 四教義 6.8 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [6.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1929.6.8) 六明時解脫羅漢者，即是信行鈍根，待時及眾緣具，方得解脫，故名時解脫。所言阿羅漢者，是天竺語，此土無翻名，含三義：一殺賊，二不生，三應供也。具此三義，位居無學。阿羅漢有五種，謂隨信行生五種：退法、思法、護法、住法、勝進也。彼得二智：盡智、無學智等見也。若用金剛三昧於非想九品惑斷盡，次一剎那證非想第九解脫，成盡智；次一剎那得無學等見也。彼或時退故，不說得無生智。此五種阿羅漢是信行種性，根鈍，因中修道，必假衣、食、床具、處所、說法及人，隨順善根增進，不能一切時隨所欲進也。是五種羅漢各有二種：不得滅盡定，但是慧解脫；若得滅盡定，即是俱解脫。若不得滅盡定，是人因中偏修性念處觀，不修共念處觀也。若得滅盡定者，是人因中修性念觀，亦修共念處，若證果時，三明、八解脫一時俱得，故名俱解脫也。 > Sixth, explaining the temporally liberated arhat: this is the dull-rooted practitioner of faith who attains liberation only by waiting for the right time and the assembly of conditions; hence they are called 'temporally liberated.' The term 'arhat' is an Indian word, which has no translation in this land, and contains three meanings: first, killer of thieves; second, non-arising; third, worthy of offerings. Endowed with these three meanings, one's stage resides in non-learning. There are five kinds of arhats, namely the five kinds generated in accord with practicing by faith: falling back, thinking, guarding, abiding, and advancing. They attain two kinds of wisdom: the wisdom of exhaustion and the views identical to non-learning wisdom. If by using the adamantine samādhi they completely sever the nine grades of delusions in \[the sphere of\] neither-conceptualization-nor-non-conceptualization, in the next moment they realize the ninth liberation of neither-conceptualization-nor-non-conceptualization, accomplishing the wisdom of exhaustion; in the following moment they attain the views identical to non-learning. Because they sometimes fall back, they are not said to attain the wisdom of non-arising. These five kinds of arhats are of the lineage of practicing by faith and have dull roots; when cultivating the path in the causal state, they must rely on clothing, food, bedding, dwelling places, teachings of the Dharma, and companions to follow and advance their good roots; they cannot advance at all times according to their desires. Each of these five kinds of arhats has two types: those who do not attain the absorption of cessation are merely liberated through wisdom; if they attain the absorption of cessation, they are doubly liberated. If they do not attain the absorption of cessation, in the causal state this person exclusively cultivated the contemplation of mindfulness of dharmic nature and did not cultivate the contemplation of shared mindfulness. If they attain the absorption of cessation, in the causal state this person cultivated the contemplation of mindfulness of nature and also cultivated shared mindfulness; when realizing the fruit, they simultaneously attain the three clarities and the eight liberations, and thus are called doubly liberated. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 6.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1929.6.7) - [Next: 6.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1929.6.9) - [Up: 6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1929.6) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1929~en-mt.6.8) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [妙法蓮華經玄義](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1716.4.150) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1929.6.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1929.6.8) · Pramāṇa