[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [宗鏡錄](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2016) › 78.21 # 宗鏡錄 78.21 宗鏡錄 78.21 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [78.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2016.78.21) 答。一切名。皆是客義。名中無法。法中無名。名不當法。法不當名。經云。是自性。無生無滅。無染無淨。此色無所有。為通相。若有生。即有染。若有滅。即有淨。由無此四義。故色無別相。經云。由假立客名。隨說諸相。攝論云。一切法以識為相。真如為體。又云。一切相。有二種。一如外顯現。二如內顯現。如外是相。如內是思惟。故知一體現二內外雙分。則心非內外。內外是心。又能所相成。心境互攝。二而不二。常冥一味之真原。不二而二。恒分心境之虛相。 > Answer: All names are merely adventitious designations. There is no phenomenon within a name, and there is no name within a phenomenon. Names do not correspond to phenomena, and phenomena do not correspond to names. A sūtra says: "This self-nature has no arising and no ceasing, no defilement and no purity. This rūpa having nothing that exists is the common characteristic. If there is arising, there is defilement; if there is ceasing, there is purity. Because it lacks these four meanings, rūpa has no separate characteristic." A sūtra says: "By provisionally establishing adventitious names, one speaks of the various characteristics in accordance with them." The Mahāyānasaṃgraha says: "All phenomena have vijñāna as their characteristic and tathatā as their substance." It also says: "All characteristics are of two kinds: first, manifesting as external; second, manifesting as internal. Manifesting as external is characteristic; manifesting as internal is thought." Therefore, we know that the single substance manifests two, with internal and external bifurcated. Then citta is neither internal nor external, and internal and external are citta. Furthermore, the capable and the object accomplish each other, and citta and objects mutually subsume each other. Being two yet not two, they are constantly merged in the true origin of a single taste; being not two yet two, they constantly divide into the false characteristics of citta and objects. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 78.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2016.78.20) - [Next: 78.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2016.78.22) - [Up: 78](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2016.78) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2016~en-mt.78.21) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2016.78.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2016.78.21) · Pramāṇa