[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [佛祖統紀](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035) › 30.19 # 佛祖統紀 30.19 佛祖統紀 30.19 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [30.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.30.19) 第三小劫（減增）光音諸天。復有來生梵世者。為梵眾天（壽二十小劫。即是自成劫第三增減。至住劫第一增減時沒。或繼此來生者。前後不定則沒時亦前後不定也）漸漸下生六欲諸天人趣。以惡業力漸漸下生餓鬼旁生地獄。後成先壞。法爾如斯。時光音諸天福盡來下化生為人。或樂觀新地者。光明遠照飛行自在。無有男女之相。眾共生故。故名眾生。地涌甘泉味如穌密。以指試嘗遂生味著。失其神足及以身光。世間大闇黑風吹海。漂出日月置須彌山腹照四天下。時諸人輩見出則喜見入則懼。自茲之後乃有晝夜晦朔春秋歲數。終而復始。由耽地味顏色粗悴。地味既隱乃生林藤（樓炭經云兩枝蒲萄）復共耽食林藤復隱。便生自然粳稻無有糠𥢶。備眾美味。此食稍粗殘穢在身。為欲蠲除。便在二道。成男女根。情慾多者便為女人。宿習力故便生婬欲。夫妻共住。光音諸天後來生者入母胎中。遂有胎生。是時先造瞻婆大城。乃至一切城郭。自然粳稻朝刈暮熟。刈後隨生米長四寸。時眾生并取二日糧。乃至取五日糧。漸生糠𥢶。刈已不生。眾懷憂惱。各封田宅造作田種。其後多有盜他田稻。便相拳鬪無能決者。議立一平等王賞善罰惡。便有刀杖殺戮。眾共供給號剎帝利（此云田主）自後諸王以此為首。時閻浮提天下富樂安隱。八萬郡國人民聚落鷄鳴相聞。無有病患大寒大熱。正行十善正法治國。人民愛敬壽極大久（諸經多言。壽極八萬四千以為增減之數。不言極久）後王不行正法。其壽漸減。至八萬四千歲時。身長八丈。百年命減一年身減一寸。如是減至十歲身長一尺。名為減劫之極。自此之後百年增一年（有經言。子倍父壽者。縱有此事。增減不齊）增至八萬四千歲。名為增劫之極。一減一增終而復始。增至八萬四千歲時。有金輪王出。七寶千子。治四天下國土豐樂。女年五百歲方嫁。此後凡遇增劫之初。皆有金輪王出世（長阿含經）。 > The third small kalpa (decreasing and increasing). Among the gods of the Ābhāsvara Heaven, there were further those who came to be born in the Brahmā world, becoming the Brahmā-pāriṣadya gods (their lifespan is twenty small kalpas; that is, they pass away from the third increase and decrease of the kalpa of formation until the first increase and decrease of the kalpa of abiding; or, for those who come to be born subsequently, since their arrival is irregular, the time of their passing away is likewise irregular). Gradually they descended to be born into the six heavens of desire and the human destiny; through the power of evil karma, they gradually descended to be born among hungry ghosts, animals, and hell-beings. That which is formed last is destroyed first; such is the nature of phenomena. At that time, the gods of the Ābhāsvara Heaven whose merits were exhausted came down and were born apparitionally as humans. There were those who took delight in looking upon the new earth; their light shone far, and they flew about freely, with no distinction of male or female. Because they were born collectively as a multitude, they were therefore called 'sentient beings' (multitude-born). Sweet springs welled forth from the earth, tasting like clarified butter and honey. Trying a taste with their fingers, they thereupon became attached to the flavor, losing their supernatural powers of movement and bodily radiance. A great darkness fell upon the world. A black wind blew across the ocean, casting up the sun and moon to rest upon the flanks of Mount Sumeru, illuminating the four continents under heaven. When the people saw them emerge, they rejoiced; when they saw them set, they were afraid. From this time onward there were day and night, the last and first days of the lunar month, the spring and autumn, and the reckoning of years, ending only to begin again. Due to indulging in the earth's flavor, their complexions became coarse and withered. Once the earth's flavor disappeared, forest vines then grew (the Loutan jing calls them two branches of grapes). Again they indulged in eating them together, and the forest vines disappeared in turn. Then naturally growing non-glutinous rice appeared, free of chaff and husk, endowed with manifold delicious flavors. This food was somewhat coarse, leaving residual impurities in the body. To eliminate them, two passages appeared, forming male and female organs. Those with greater sexual desire became women. Through the power of past conditioning, lustful desire arose, and husband and wife lived together. Those gods of the Ābhāsvara Heaven who came to be born later entered the mothers' wombs, and thus womb-birth came to be. At that time, the great city of Campā was built first, and then all the cities and towns. The naturally growing rice was reaped in the morning and ripened in the evening; after reaping it grew back immediately, with grains four inches long. Then sentient beings took two days' rations together, and even up to five days' rations, so that chaff and husks gradually grew, and after reaping it would not grow again. The multitude harbored anxiety and distress; each apportioned fields and dwellings, cultivating fields and sowing seeds. Thereafter, many stole rice from others' fields, whereupon they fought with their fists, and none could resolve it. They deliberated on establishing an equitable king to reward good and punish evil; then there came to be knives, staves, and slaughter. The multitude collectively provided for him, designating him a kṣatriya (translated here as 'field-master'). From then on, all kings took this as their origin. At that time, under heaven in Jambudvīpa, there was wealth, joy, and peace. Across the eighty thousand commanderies and kingdoms, the crowing of roosters could be heard from settlement to settlement. There were no illnesses, nor extreme cold or extreme heat. Rectitude was practiced through the ten wholesome actions, and the country was ruled by the true Dharma. The people loved and respected one another, and their lifespans were exceedingly long (most sutras say that the lifespan reaches a maximum of 84,000 years as the measure of increase and decrease, without saying it is infinitely long). Later kings did not practice the true Dharma, and lifespans gradually decreased. When it reached 84,000 years, their height was eighty feet. Every hundred years, life decreased by one year and height decreased by one inch. Decreasing in this manner down to ten years, their height was one foot; this is called the culmination of the decreasing kalpa. From this time onward, every hundred years it increased by one year (some sutras say the son doubles the father's lifespan; even if this occurs, the increases and decreases are not uniform), increasing up to 84,000 years, which is called the culmination of the increasing kalpa. One decrease and one increase end and begin anew. When it increases to 84,000 years, a golden wheel-turning king appears, possessing the seven treasures and a thousand sons, ruling over the four continents under heaven, whose lands are abundant and joyful. Women marry only at the age of five hundred. Thereafter, whenever the beginning of an increasing kalpa is encountered, a golden wheel-turning king always appears in the world (Dīrghāgama). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 30.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.30.18) - [Next: 30.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.30.20) - [Up: 30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.30) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035~en-mt.30.19) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.30.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.30.19) · Pramāṇa