[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [佛祖統紀](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035) › 32.18 # 佛祖統紀 32.18 佛祖統紀 32.18 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [32.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.32.18) 城。從此西南入雪山阿至銳末陀。西南至。從縛喝南至揭職。東南入大雪山至梵衍那（有臥佛千尺。商那和修胎生九條衣尚存）東踰黑嶺至迦畢試（北面雪山伽藍百所）東入北印度境至濫波。東至健馱羅（大塔高五百尺。元魏胡太后遣使持大幡五百尺。往挂之。脚纔及地）南至那揭曷（北印度境）北至烏仗那（釋種被斥王此云昔輪王之苑。僧常萬人）東至鉢路羅（大雪山中）南度信度河至怛叉羅。東南至僧訶補。東南至烏剌尸。東南至迦濕彌羅（舊曰罽賓伽藍百所）東南至曷闍羅。南至磔迦。東至那僕底。東北至闍爛達。東北至屈路多。北至洛護羅。又北至末羅娑○自屈路多南至設多盧（已上並北印度）西南至波理怛（自此為中印境）東至末兔羅（毱多度人石室盈籌之處）東北至濕伐羅。東北至窣祿那（東臨殑伽河）東度河至末底羅。北至婆羅補（此係北印）北雪山中有金氏國（女為王。夫亦為王不知政事。此國東接吐蕃。北接于闐。西接末羅婆）○自末底羅東至瞿毘霜。東南至醯呾（佛為文鱗龍王。七日說法處）南度殑伽河至毘羅剛。東南至劫比他（佛在忉利天為母說法。帝釋奉三道寶階之處）西北至曲女城。東南度殑伽河至阿踰陀東至阿那穆。東南至鉢羅那。西南至拘睒彌北至鞞索迦。東北至舍衛國（城南五里給孤獨園）東南至迦毘羅衛（佛生處。淨飯王殿。摩耶夫人殿。菩薩降胎處。並建精舍。佛還本生國。時止尼俱盧伽藍。受姨母金縷袈裟。度八王子五百釋種）東北至拘尸那（娑羅林佛滅處）西南至波羅柰（鹿苑轉法輪處。近鹿苑有支那寺。國王為大唐僧眾所造。支那此云大唐）○順殑伽河東北至毘耶離（舊名毘舍離有維摩方丈）東北至弗栗恃（北印境）西北至尼波羅（其國北境即東女國。與吐蕃接。人來國命往還。率由此地。唐梵相去萬里。自古取道迂迴致成遠阻）○自毘耶離南度殑伽河至摩竭提（又名摩伽陀。中印境。王舍城在此國中。華氏城在河南岸。西南度尼連禪河。即伽耶城。城西六里。至伽耶山。俗呼靈山。西南菩提樹。佛成道處。樹高五丈。周垣五百步。中有金剛座。千佛坐之入金剛定。鷄園伽藍。無憂王建。常供千僧。那爛陀寺。五王共造。僧徒數千。並俊才高學）東至瞻波。東至揭朱祇。東度殑伽河至奔那伐（已上並中印度）東至迦摩縷（其國已歷千世。至今不信佛法。國之東境山阜連接。可兩月行入蜀西南境）南至三摩怛（東印）東北大海濱至室利羅。東南大海隅至迦摩浪。東至墮羅鉢。又東至伊賞補。又東至摩訶瞻波（即此方林邑）又西南至閻摩那（此六國道阻不及往）○自三摩呾西至耽摩立底（東境濱海界溫）西北至揭羅剌。西南至烏荼（東南臨大海有城海商中止之地。南去師子國二萬里。靜夜望其國。佛牙塔寶珠光。猶如大炬）西南至恭御陀（已上東印。臨海濱。不信佛法）西南至揭稜伽（南印）西北至憍薩羅（中印國王名引正。為龍猛建伽藍。招集千僧。計工人所食鹽價。用九億金錢）南至案達羅（此下南印）南至馱那揭。西南至朱利耶南至達羅毘。南至末羅矩（南境濱海。有末刺耶山。此山之東有布呾洛迦山。山頂有池。池側有石天宮。觀自在菩薩遊舍於此。有願見者厲水登山）東南至執師子國（此非印度境。有佛牙精舍。上建表柱。置大寶珠若明星王宮側建大厨。日營萬八千僧食。食時持鉢來受。各還其居。自有佛教。便興此供）○自達羅毘北至恭建補（南印境有多羅樹林。其葉長廣。諸國書寫莫不采用）西北至摩訶剌。西至跋祿婆（業海煮鹽）西北至摩臘婆（五印之境。有兩國重學。西南摩臘婆。東北摩竭陀。名僧極盛。此國南至海）西北至阿吒釐○自摩臘婆西北至契吒。北至伐臘毘（已上南印）西北至補羅（自此西印）○自伐臘毘北至瞿折羅（西印）東南鄔闍衍（南印）東北至擲枳陀（南印）北至摩醯補（中印）○自瞿折羅北度信度河至信度國（西印）東度河東岸至茂羅部（西印）東北至鉢伐多（北印）○自信度國西南至阿默翅（西印隣大海）西至狼揭羅（西印大海濱）西北至波斯（北印度境）西北至怫懍（隋史拂菻）西南至海島西女國（皆女人。拂懍歲遣丈夫。偶得男不舉）○自阿默翅北至臂多勢（西印）　東北至阿荼（西印）東北至伐剌拏（西印屬迦畢試）西至稽畺那。西北出印度境至漕矩吒。北至弗栗那。東北至大雪山犀那大嶺。贍部之中斯嶺特高。下嶺至安呾羅（屬突厥）西北至闊悉多（屬突厥）西北至活國（屬突厥主管鐵門已南諸小國）從此東入葱嶺。此嶺當贍部中。南接大雪山。北至熱海千泉西至活國。東至烏殺國。四方各數千里。崖嶺數百重。永雪風寒山阜葱翠。故此為名。東至瞢健（屬突厥）北至阿利尼。東至曷羅胡○從瞢健東至訖栗瑟。東北至鉢利曷。從訖栗瑟東至呬摩呾。西至鉢鍔那。東南至淫薄健。東南至屈浪拏。東北至鐵帝北至尸棄陀越鐵帝大山。南至商彌。東北至波謎川（東西千里）南至鉢露羅。自川登山至竭盤陀。下葱嶺東岡至烏殺。西北至佉沙（舊名疏勒）東南至沮渠（經典極盛）東至于闐。東入沙碩至尼壤城。為東境之關。又東入大流沙。其沙隨風聚散。人多迷路。往來聚遺骸以記。東至且末。東北至樓蘭故地（即鄯善國）○印度者。天竺之正名（此云月）北背雪山。三垂大海。地形南狹如月上弦。川平地廣。周九萬里。七千餘城依止其中盡三海際同一王命（唐玄奘三藏西域記）。 > city. From here, one enters the Snow Mountains to the southwest, reaching Rui-mo-tuo \[Ruimatuo\]. To the southwest, one reaches \[…\]. From Bākhī \[Balkh\], heading south, one reaches Ghaznī. Entering the Great Snow Mountains to the southeast, one reaches Bāmiyān (where there is a thousand-foot reclining Buddha, and the nine-strip caul-born robe of Śāṇavāsa still exists). Crossing the Black Range to the east, one reaches Kapiśā (facing the Snow Mountains to the north, with one hundred saṅghārāmas). Entering the territory of Northern India to the east, one reaches Lampāka. Eastward, one reaches Gandhāra (there is a great stūpa five hundred feet high; Empress Dowager Hu of the Northern Wei sent envoys carrying a five-hundred-foot banner to hang upon it, yet its hem barely reached the ground). Southward, one reaches Nagarahāra (the territory of Northern India). Northward, one reaches Uḍḍiyāna (where the Śākya clan, having been banished, ruled; it is said to have been an ancient Cakravartin's garden, and monks always number ten thousand). Eastward, one reaches Bolor (amid the Great Snow Mountains). Crossing the Sindhu River to the south, one reaches Takṣaśilā. Southeastward, one reaches Siṃhapura. Southeastward, one reaches Uraśā. Southeastward, one reaches Kaśmīra (formerly called Jibin; it has one hundred saṅghārāmas). Southeastward, one reaches Punacha. Southward, one reaches Ṭakka. Eastward, one reaches Jālandhara. Northeastward, one reaches Cīnabhukti. Northeastward, one reaches Kulūta. Northward, one reaches Lahul. Further north, one reaches Ladak. From Kulūta, heading south, one reaches Śatadru (all the above belong to Northern India). Southwestward, one reaches Pāryātra (from here begins the territory of Central India). Eastward, one reaches Mathurā (the place where Upagupta delivered people, filling the stone chamber with tallies). Northeastward, one reaches Sthāneśvara. Northeastward, one reaches Śrughna (bordering the Gaṅgā River to the east). Crossing the river to the east, one reaches Matipura. Northward, one reaches Brahmapura (this belongs to Northern India). In the northern Snow Mountains is the country of Suvarṇagotra (where a woman is king; her husband is also titled king, but does not manage affairs of state; this country borders Tibet to the east, Khotan to the north, and Malva to the west). From Matipura, heading east, one reaches Govisanna. Southeastward, one reaches Ahicchatra (where the Buddha preached the Dharma for seven days for the Nāga King Mucilinda). Crossing the Gaṅgā River to the south, one reaches Viraśāna. Southeastward, one reaches Kapiṭha (where the Buddha preached the Dharma to his mother in the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven, and Śakra Devānām Indra offered a three-flight jeweled staircase). Northwestward, one reaches Kānyakubja. Crossing the Gaṅgā River to the southeast, one reaches Ayodhyā. Eastward, one reaches Ayamukha. Southeastward, one reaches Prayāga. Southwestward, one reaches Kauśāmbī. Northward, one reaches Viśākhā. Northeastward, one reaches the country of Śrāvastī (five li south of the city is Anāthapiṇḍada's park). Southeastward, one reaches Kapilavastu (the place of the Buddha's birth; the palace of King Śuddhodana, the palace of Queen Māyā, and the place of the Bodhisattva's descent into the womb all have vihāras established; when the Buddha returned to his native country, he stayed at the Nyagrodha Monastery, received his aunt's gold-threaded kāṣāya, and delivered the eight princes and five hundred Śākya clansmen). Northeastward, one reaches Kuśinagara (the Śāla Grove, the place of the Buddha's parinirvāṇa). Southwestward, one reaches Vārāṇasī (the Deer Park, the place of turning the wheel of the Dharma; near the Deer Park is the Cīna Monastery, built by the king for the monks of the Great Tang; Cīna here means the Great Tang). Following the Gaṅgā River northeastward, one reaches Vaiśālī (formerly called Bisheli; there is the square-room cell of Vimalakīrti). Northeastward, one reaches Vṛji (the territory of Northern India). Northwestward, one reaches Nepāla (the northern border of this country is the Eastern Women's Country, adjoining Tibet; people and state emissaries traveling back and forth usually pass through this land; Tang and India are ten thousand li apart, and from antiquity routes were circuitous, resulting in great remoteness and hindrance). From Vaiśālī, crossing the Gaṅgā River to the south, one reaches Magadha (also called Magadha; the territory of Central India; Rājagṛha is within this country, and Pāṭaliputra is on the south bank of the river; crossing the Nairañjanā River to the southwest is Gayā City; six li west of the city is Mount Gayā, commonly called Ling Shan; to the southwest is the Bodhi Tree, the place of the Buddha's attainment of the way; the tree is fifty feet high, enclosed by a wall of five hundred paces, with the diamond seat inside, upon which a thousand Buddhas sit and enter the diamond samādhi; the Kukkuṭārāma Monastery, established by King Aśoka, constantly provides for a thousand monks; Nālandā Monastery, jointly built by five kings, houses several thousand monks, all of outstanding talent and profound scholarship). Eastward, one reaches Campā. Eastward, one reaches Kājñṅgala. Crossing the Gaṅgā River to the east, one reaches Puṇḍravardhana (all the above belong to Central India). Eastward, one reaches Kāmarūpa (this country has passed through a thousand generations, yet to this day does not believe in the Buddha's Dharma; the eastern border of the country is contiguous with hills and mounds, and in about two months of travel one enters the southwestern border of Shu). Southward, one reaches Samataṭa (Eastern India). Northeastward, on the shore of the great sea, one reaches Śrīkṣetra. Southeastward, in a corner of the great sea, one reaches Kamalāṅkā. Eastward, one reaches Dvāravatī. Further east, one reaches Īśānapura. Further east, one reaches Mahācampā (namely Linyi of this land). Further southwest, one reaches Yamunadvīpa (these six countries have blocked routes and cannot be reached). From Samataṭa, heading west, one reaches Tāmralipti (the eastern border borders the sea; the climate is warm). Northwestward, one reaches Karṇasuvarṇa. Southwestward, one reaches Oḍra (bordering the great sea to the southeast, there is a city which is a stopping place for maritime merchants; southward, it is twenty thousand li to Siṃhala; on a clear night, looking towards that country, the gem light of the Buddha-tooth stūpa shines like a great torch). Southwestward, one reaches Koṅgoda (the above belong to Eastern India; bordering the sea; they do not believe in the Buddha's Dharma). Southwestward, one reaches Kaliṅga (Southern India). Northwestward, one reaches Kosala (in Central India; the king was named Sadvaha, who built a monastery for Nāgārjuna and gathered a thousand monks, spending nine hundred million gold coins on the salt provisions alone consumed by the laborers). Southward, one reaches Andhra (from here down is Southern India). Southward, one reaches Dhānyakaṭaka. Southwestward, one reaches Cola. Southward, one reaches Drāviḍa. Southward, one reaches Malakūṭa (its southern border meets the sea, and there is Mount Malaya; to the east of this mountain is Mount Potalaka, on whose summit is a lake, and beside the lake is a stone heavenly palace where Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva wanders and resides; those wishing to see him wade through water and climb the mountain). Southeastward, one reaches Siṃhala (this is not within India; there is a Buddha Tooth Vihāra, atop which a pillar is erected holding a large gem like the morning star; beside the royal palace a large kitchen is built, daily preparing food for eighteen thousand monks; at mealtime they bring their bowls to receive food, each returning to his dwelling; ever since Buddhism was introduced, they have maintained this offering). From Drāviḍa, heading north, one reaches Koṅkaṇapura (the territory of Southern India; there are talipot palm groves, whose leaves are broad and long, and are used by all countries for copying scriptures). Northwestward, one reaches Mahārāṣṭra. Westward, one reaches Bharukaccha (where they work the sea to boil salt). Northwestward, one reaches Mālava (in the five Indias, two countries esteem learning: Mālava in the southwest and Magadha in the northeast; eminent monks flourish greatly; this country reaches the sea to the south). Northwestward, one reaches Aṭali. From Mālava, heading northwest, one reaches Kheda. Northward, one reaches Valabhī (the above belong to Southern India). Northwestward, one reaches Anandapura (from here begins Western India). From Valabhī, heading north, one reaches Gurjara (Western India). Southeastward, one reaches Ujjayanī (Southern India). Northeastward, one reaches Jajhoti (Southern India). Northward, one reaches Maheśvarapura (Central India). From Gurjara, crossing the Sindhu River to the north, one reaches the country of Sindhu (Western India). Crossing to the east bank of the river to the east, one reaches Mūlasthānapura (Western India). Northeastward, one reaches Parvata (Northern India). From the country of Sindhu, heading southwest, one reaches Armābila (Western India, adjacent to the great sea). Westward, one reaches Lāṅgala (Western India, on the shore of the great sea). Northwestward, one reaches Persia (Northern India territory). Northwestward, one reaches Fulin (Fulin of the Sui History). Southwestward, on an island in the sea, is the Western Women's Country (entirely of women; Fulin annually sends men, and if a male is born, he is not raised). From Armābila, heading north, one reaches Pi-to-shi-lo \[Pitasila\] (Western India). Northeastward, one reaches A-tu \[Avanda\] (Western India). Northeastward, one reaches Varana (Western India, subordinate to Kapiśā). Westward, one reaches Jaguda. Northwestward, leaving the territory of India, one reaches Jāguḍa. Northward, one reaches Vṛjisthāna. Northeastward, one reaches the great ridge of Xina in the Great Snow Mountains; among the mountains of Jambudvīpa, this ridge is extraordinarily lofty. Descending the ridge, one reaches Andarāb (subordinate to the Turks). Northwestward, one reaches Khulm (subordinate to the Turks). Northwestward, one reaches Qunduz (subordinate to the Turks, overseeing the various small countries south of the Iron Gate). From here, entering the Pamir Mountains (Congling) to the east: this range stands in the center of Jambudvīpa, adjoining the Great Snow Mountains to the south, reaching the Warm Sea and the Thousand Springs to the north, Qunduz to the west, and Wusha to the east; in each of the four directions it spans several thousand li, with hundreds of tiers of cliffs and ridges, perpetual snow and freezing winds, yet the hills and mounds are lush green (cong), hence its name. Eastward, one reaches Mungān (subordinate to the Turks). Northward, one reaches Ragh. Eastward, one reaches Badakhshān. From Mungān, heading east, one reaches Kṛṣṇa. Northeastward, one reaches Pārhār. From Kṛṣṇa, heading east, one reaches Himatala. Westward, one reaches Baghlān. Southeastward, one reaches Inbogan. Southeastward, one reaches Kurān. Northeastward, one reaches Teti. Northward, one reaches Śikhnān. Crossing the Great Mountain of Teti, southward one reaches Shambhī. Northeastward, one reaches the Pamir Valley (a thousand li from east to west). Southward, one reaches Bolor. From the valley, ascending the mountains, one reaches Tashkurghan. Descending the eastern slopes of the Pamir Mountains, one reaches Wusha. Northwestward, one reaches Kashgar (formerly named Shule). Southeastward, one reaches Yarkand (where scriptures and teachings flourish greatly). Eastward, one reaches Khotan. Eastward, entering the sand and gravel, one reaches Niya City, which is the pass of the eastern border. Further east, one enters the Great Drifting Sands; the sands gather and scatter with the wind, and many people lose their way, so travelers gather discarded skeletons to mark the route. Eastward, one reaches Qiemo. Northeastward, one reaches the ancient land of Loulan (namely the kingdom of Shanshan). India (Yindu) is the correct name for Tianzhu (here meaning 'moon'). Backed by the Snow Mountains to the north, it is bordered by the great sea on three sides. The terrain is narrow in the south like a crescent moon, and its plains and lands are expansive, with a circumference of ninety thousand li. Over seven thousand cities reside therein, extending to the borders of the three seas under a single sovereign rule (Great Tang Records on the Western Regions by the Tripiṭaka Master Xuanzang). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 32.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.32.17) - [Next: 32.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.32.19) - [Up: 32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.32) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035~en-mt.32.18) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.32.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2035.32.18) · Pramāṇa