[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [佛祖歷代通載](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2036) › 3.9 # 佛祖歷代通載 3.9 佛祖歷代通載 3.9 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2036.3.9) （戊寅）　今依六年苦行三十成道之教也。有說。十二月八日出家。諸部說異。玄贊疏云。總會諸文而為二說。一云諸部說。十九出家三十成道。本起因緣經。亦十九歲。思惟無相三昧經。三十成道。智論。亦十九。不說成道時。佛住世實八十年。有會。十九出家。五年事仙人行樂行。六年行苦行。三十成道。智論用此。二云。亦有諸部及大乘說。二十九出家。三十五成道。增一中雜三阿含經出曜經和須密論。並說二十九。悲華經善見論說三十五成道。本起經云。三十五也。菩提流支引經偈云。八年作嬰兒。七年作童子。四年學五明。十年受五欲。六年行苦行。三十五成道。四十五年中。教化諸眾生。真諦及西域記並同此說。金光明經報恩經等。同說佛壽八十年也。甲子但七十九年。略釋偈曰（言五明者。瑜伽釋云○一者內明有二種。相一顯示正因果相。二已作不失未作不得相○二者因明有二種相。一示摧伏他論勝利相。二示免脫他論勝利相○三者聲明亦有二相。二示安立字界及能成立相。二示語工巧勝利相○四醫方明有四種相。一示病體善巧相。二示病因善巧相。三示斷已更生善巧相。四示斷已不生善巧相○五者工巧明善諸世法○三端六義等。言三端者。一文筆。二武鋒。三辨舌也。六義者一禮。長幼謙謹二樂風俗正變。三書。八體六書。四數。窮知稊壤。五射。能開弓弩。六御。善調象馬。世尊在宮為太子時。性自仁賢。曰禮。通諸風俗。曰樂。六十四書悉曉。曰書。百二十數並窮。曰數。透九重銕鼓。曰射。擲塞門大象。曰御。餘如經論廣陳）。 > (Wu-yin) Now we rely on the teaching of six years of asceticism and attaining enlightenment at thirty. Some say he left the household on the eighth day of the twelfth month; the various schools have differing accounts. The commentary Xuanzan shu states: Synthesizing the various texts, there are two views. One says the various schools state he left the household at nineteen and attained enlightenment at thirty. The Benqi yinyuan jing also gives nineteen years of age; the Siwei wuxiang sanmei jing gives enlightenment at thirty; the Zhilun (Dazhidulun) also gives nineteen, but does not state the time of attaining enlightenment; the Buddha's actual residence in the world was eighty years. Reconciling this: he left home at nineteen, served ṛṣis for five years practicing pleasurable practices, practiced asceticism for six years, and attained enlightenment at thirty; the Zhilun adopts this. The second says: various schools and the Mahāyāna also state he left the household at twenty-nine and attained enlightenment at thirty-five. The Ekottarika, Madhyama, and Saṃyukta Āgamas, the Chuyao jing, and the Vasumitra Treatise all state twenty-nine; the Karuṇāpuṇḍarīka Sūtra and the Samantapāsādikā state enlightenment at thirty-five; the Benqi jing says thirty-five. Bodhiruci quotes a sūtra verse saying: "For eight years an infant, / for seven years a youth, / for four years learning the five sciences, / for ten years enjoying the five desires, / for six years practicing asceticism, / at thirty-five attaining enlightenment. / During forty-five years / he taught and transformed all sentient beings." Paramārtha and the Record of the Western Regions both agree with this account. The Suvarṇaprabhāsa Sūtra, the Bao'en jing, and others likewise state the Buddha's lifespan was eighty years. The jiazi calculation gives only seventy-nine years. Briefly explaining the verse (concerning the five sciences, the Yogācāra-bhūmi-vyākhyā says: 1. Inner science (adhyātma-vidyā) has two characteristics: first, revealing the characteristics of correct cause and effect; second, that what is done is not lost and what is not done is not obtained. 2. Logic (hetu-vidyā) has two characteristics: first, revealing the victorious characteristic of refuting other doctrines; second, revealing the victorious characteristic of escaping other doctrines. 3. Linguistics (śabda-vidyā) also has two characteristics: first, revealing the establishment of root morphemes and their derivations; second, revealing the victorious characteristic of skill in speech. 4. Medicine (cikitsā-vidyā) has four characteristics: first, revealing skill regarding the nature of illnesses; second, revealing skill regarding the causes of illnesses; third, revealing skill regarding recurrence after cessation; fourth, revealing skill regarding non-recurrence after cessation. 5. Arts and crafts (śilpa-karma-sthāna-vidyā): skill in all mundane worldly practices. Concerning the three faculties and six arts: the three faculties are: 1. literary brush; 2. military prowess; 3. eloquence of tongue. The six arts are: 1. propriety: humility and reverence between elders and youths; 2. music: rectitude and changes in customs; 3. calligraphy: eight styles and six scripts; 4. mathematics: thoroughly knowing infinitesimal counts; 5. archery: able to draw bows and crossbows; 6. charioteering: skilled in taming elephants and horses. When the Bhagavān was a prince in the palace, his nature was humane and worthy: this is called propriety. Comprehending all customs: this is called music. Fully mastering the sixty-four scripts: this is called calligraphy. Exhausting the one hundred and twenty numerations: this is called mathematics. Piercing nine layers of iron drums: this is called archery. Throwing the great elephant blocking the gate: this is called charioteering. The rest is fully detailed in the sūtras and treatises). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2036.3.8) - [Next: 3.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2036.3.10) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2036.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2036~en-mt.3.9) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2036.3.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2036.3.9) · Pramāṇa