[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [釋迦譜](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2040) › 1.69 # 釋迦譜 1.69 釋迦譜 1.69 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.69](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2040.1.69) 彌沙塞云。過去有王。名曰欝摩王。有庶子四人。一名照目。二名聰目。三名調伏象。四名尼樓。聰明神武。有大威德。第一夫人有子。名曰長生。頑薄醜陋。眾人所賤。夫人念言。我子雖長。才不及物。而彼四子並有威德。國祚所歸必鍾此等。當設何計固子基業。王見愛念當設方便。便自嚴飾承敬備禮。伺王喜悅意欲附近。即便白言。因愛致情本由歡對。我今憂深無復世意。微願若遂或有餘歡。若不見許於是盡矣。王言。汝欲何願。理苟可從誓不相負。便白王言。王四子者。聰明仁智並有威德。我子雖長頑薄醜陋。承嗣大統必競凌奪。若王擯斥四子我情乃安。王言。四子仁孝於國無愆。云何擯黜。夫人言。我心劬勞憂兼家國。四子神武民各懷歸。樹黨已立一旦競逐。必相殄滅。大國之祚翻為他有。願王圖之。不私一子。王言。汝言是矣。吾自知時。即呼四子而告之曰。汝有過於吾。吾不忍見汝死。各速出國。剋己圖生。勿復闚𨵦自貽後悔。四子奉命即便裝嚴。時四子母。及同生姊妹。並知無過而被擯黜。不勝抂酷咸索同去。又諸力士。一切人民。多樂隨從。王悉聽之。於是便去至雪山北。東西遐逈南北曠大。多諸名花甚好居處。遂便頓止。數年之中歸德如市。遂大熾盛欝為強國。數年之後王思見子。具報召之。皆辭過不還。王便三嘆我子有能。因名釋種。別傳云。此國有釋迦樹甚茂盛。相師云。此處必出國王。因移四子立國。故號釋種。雖非經說。聊附異聞。案此律說四子事緣。與阿含經大同小異。竊謂經變華戎譯人斟酌。出經之人。各有所受。故往往不同也。夫以史漢近書猶紛糅相反。況於萬里之外。千歲之表哉。明者固宜擇善而從。懸領文外則可與。言正矣。尼樓有子名烏頭羅。烏頭羅有子。名瞿頭羅。瞿頭羅有子。名尸休羅。尸休羅有四子一。名淨飯。 > The Mahīśāsaka \[Vinaya\] says: In the past there was a king named King Ikṣvāku. He had four sons by concubines: the first was named Zhaomu (Clear-eyed), the second Congmu (Sharp-eyed), the third Tiaofuxiang (Elephant-tamer), and the fourth Nilou (Nīla). They were intelligent, divinely martial, and possessed of great awe-inspiring virtue. The first queen had a son named Changsheng (Long-life), who was obstinate, shallow, and ugly, despised by the multitudes. The queen pondered: 'Although my son is the eldest, his talent cannot match others, while those four sons all possess awe-inspiring virtue. The destiny of the state will surely fall upon them. What scheme can I devise to secure my son’s foundation? The king loves and dotes on me; I must employ an expedient means.' Thereupon she adorned herself, offered respects, and prepared the rituals. Waiting until the king was pleased and wished to be intimate with her, she then addressed him: 'The affection born of love originally stems from joyous encounter. Now I am deeply sorrowful, having no further interest in worldly matters. If my modest wish is fulfilled, there may yet be lingering joy; if it is not granted, all ends here.' The king said: 'What wish do you desire? If it can reasonably be followed, I swear I will not fail you.' She then said to the king: 'Your four sons are intelligent, benevolent, wise, and all possess awe-inspiring virtue. Although my son is the eldest, he is obstinate, shallow, and ugly. If he succeeds to the great lineage, they will surely contest and overpower him. Only if the king banishes the four sons will my mind find peace.' The king said: 'The four sons are benevolent and filial, without fault in the state. How could I banish them?' The queen said: 'My mind is anxious and toilsome, worried both for family and state. The four sons are divinely martial, and the people all turn their hearts toward them. Once their factions are established, should they one day vie and struggle, they will surely destroy one another. The destiny of this great state will instead belong to others. I pray the king deliberate upon it and show no personal favoritism toward any one son.' The king said: 'Your words are right. I myself know the proper time.' He then summoned the four sons and told them: 'You have committed a fault against me. I cannot bear to see you put to death. Let each of you swiftly leave the state, discipline yourselves, and seek a living. Do not look back or covet, lest you bring subsequent regret upon yourselves.' The four sons received the command and immediately made preparations. At that time, the mothers of the four sons and their own sisters all knew that they were banished without fault. Unable to endure the unjust cruelty, they all asked to go with them. Furthermore, many wrestlers, champions, and common people were pleased to follow them. The king permitted them all. Thereupon they departed and reached the north of the Snowy Mountains (Himālaya). It was vast and remote from east to west, wide and expansive from south to north, with many famous flowers, a very fine place to dwell. They then halted and settled there. Within a few years, those returning to their virtue gathered like a marketplace; it then flourished greatly and densely grew into a powerful state. Several years later, the king longed to see his sons and sent a full message summoning them. They all declined on account of their fault and did not return. The king then sighed three times: 'My sons are able!' On account of this, they were named the Śākya clan. Another account says: 'In this country there were śākya trees that flourished luxuriantly. A diviner of signs said: 'This place will surely produce a king of the state.' Because the four sons moved there and established a state, they were therefore named the Śākya clan.' Although this is not spoken in the sūtras, it is casually appended as an alternative account. Investigating what this Vinaya says regarding the circumstances of the four sons, it is largely the same as the Āgama sūtras with minor differences. I venture to suggest that when the scriptures were translated from Central Asian into Chinese, the translators weighed and considered the terms; moreover, those who brought forth the scriptures each had their own transmission, and therefore they often differ. Even recent books like the Shiji and the Hanshu still have confused, mixed, and contradictory passages; how much more so for things from ten thousand li away and beyond a thousand years! The wise should indeed select the good and follow it; if one can intuit beyond the mere literal text, one may discuss what is correct. Nilou had a son named Wutouluo (Uttara). Wutouluo had a son named Qutouluo. Qutouluo had a son named Shixiuluo. Shixiuluo had four sons, one of whom was named Jingfan (Śuddhodana). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.68](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2040.1.68) - [Next: 1.70](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2040.1.70) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2040.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2040~en-mt.1.69) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [彌沙塞部和醯五分律](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.vinaya.other-vinayas.mahisasaka*zh-buddhajiva.15.3) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2040.1.69](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2040.1.69) · Pramāṇa