[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [傳法正宗定祖圖](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2079) › 1.78 # 傳法正宗定祖圖 1.78 傳法正宗定祖圖 1.78 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.78](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2079.1.78) 犍那者。不知其西域何國人也。未詳何時至諸夏。唐天寶中。與河南尹李常者相會。常問曰。天竺禪門祖師多少。犍那曰。自大迦葉直至般若多羅。凡有二十七祖（不言達磨以其為此土初祖也。若總以西土言之。乃有二十八祖也）。若敘師子尊者旁出。達磨達四世二十二人。總有四十九祖。若從七佛至此璨大師（時慶三祖璨師舍利作齋）不括橫枝。凡有三十一世。常又問他僧曰。余見祖圖。或引五十餘祖。至其枝派差殊宗族不定。或但有空名。此何以然。時有六祖弟子曰智本禪師。對曰。斯蓋後魏之時佛法毀廢。當時有僧曇曜。於倉卒間單錄諸祖名目。不暇備寫。懷之亡於山谷。後三十餘年當其君孝文帝之世。曜出之與眾絹綴。為付法藏傳。其差誤亡失事實。乃曇曜之所致也。然愚嘗考。曇曜輩所為付法藏傳。其文誠類單錄。自彌遮多迦至乎師子羅漢。凡七祖師最缺。殊無本末。亦李常所謂祖圖但空有其名者。此是也。 > Regarding Jianna, it is unknown from which country in the Western Regions he came; nor is it clear when he reached China. During the Tianbao era of the Tang, he met with Li Chang, the governor of Henan. Chang asked: "How many patriarchs of the Chan lineage are there in India?" Jianna said: "From Mahākāśyapa directly down to Prajñātāra, there are twenty-seven patriarchs in all (not speaking of Bodhidharma because he was the first patriarch of this land; if spoken of in terms of the Western Lands as a whole, then there are twenty-eight patriarchs). If one recounts the collateral branch of the Venerable Siṃha—the four generations and twenty-two people of Dharmatā—there are forty-nine patriarchs in all. If one goes from the Seven Buddhas down to the Great Master \[Seng\]can of this land (at that time they were holding a vegetarian feast celebrating the relics of the third patriarch, Master Can), not including the collateral branches, there are thirty-one generations in all." Chang also asked other monks: "I have seen patriarchal charts that cite more than fifty patriarchs, arriving at differing branch schools and indeterminate lineages, or merely having empty names. Why is this so?" At that time, a disciple of the sixth patriarch, Chan Master Zhiben, replied: "This was because during the Later Wei the Buddhist Dharma was destroyed and abolished. At that time, there was a monk named Tanyao who, in the haste of the moment, simply recorded the names of the various patriarchs, having no leisure to write them out fully. Keeping it in his bosom, he fled into the mountain valleys. More than thirty years later, during the reign of his sovereign Emperor Xiaowen, Tanyao brought it out and stitched it together with various pieces of silk, making the Fufazang zhuan. The errors and loss of historical facts were brought about by Tanyao." However, when I have examined the Fufazang zhuan made by Tanyao and his cohort, its text truly resembles a simple listing; from Miccaka down to the arhat Siṃha, seven patriarchs in all are most deficient, entirely lacking beginning and end. This is precisely what Li Chang referred to when he spoke of patriarchal charts that merely have empty names. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.77](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2079.1.77) - [Next: 1.79](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2079.1.79) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2079.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2079~en-mt.1.78) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2079.1.78](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2079.1.78) · Pramāṇa