大唐西域記 4.26-27

4.26

有三窣堵波，並無憂王所建也。過去四佛遺迹甚多。釋迦如來諸聖弟子遺身窣堵波，謂舍利子（舊曰舍利子，又曰舍利弗，訛略也）、沒特伽羅子（舊曰目乾連，訛也）、布剌拏梅呾麗衍尼弗呾羅、（唐言滿慈子。舊曰彌多羅尼子，訛略也）、鄔波釐、阿難陀、羅怙羅（舊曰羅睺，又曰羅云，皆訛略也），曼殊室利（唐言妙吉祥。舊曰濡首，又曰文殊師利，或言曼殊尸利，譯曰妙德，訛也）諸菩薩窣堵波等。每歲三長及月六齋，僧徒相競，率其同好，齎持供具，多營奇玩，隨其所宗，而致像設。阿毘達磨眾供養舍利子；習定之徒供養沒特伽羅子；誦持經者供養滿慈子；學毘柰耶眾供養鄔波釐；諸苾芻尼供養阿難；未受具戒者供養羅怙羅；其學大乘者供養諸菩薩。是日也，諸窣堵波競修供養，珠幡布列，寶蓋駢羅，香煙若雲，華散如雨，蔽虧日月，震蕩谿谷。國王大臣，修善為務。

The kingdom of Mo-t'u-lo is about 5000 li in circuit. The capital is 20 li round. The soil is rich and fertile, and fit for producing grain. They give principal care to the cultivation of 'An-mo-lo (trees), in the next. which grow in clusters like forests. These trees, though called by one name, are of two kinds; the small species, the fruit of which, when young, is green, and becomes yellow as it ripens; and the great species, the fruit of which is green throughout its growth. This country produces a fine species of cotton fabric and also yellow gold. The climate is warm to a degree. The manners of the people are soft and complacent. They like to prepare secret stores of religious merit. They esteem virtue and honour learning. There are about twenty sangharamas with 2000 priests or so. They study equally the Great and the Little Vehicles. There are five Deva temples, in which sectaries of all kinds live. There are three stupas built by Asoka-raja. There are very many traces of the four past Buddhas here. There are also stupas to commemorate the remains of the holy followers of Sakya Tathagata, to wit, of Sariputra (She-li-tseu), of Mudgalaputra (Mo-te-kia-lo-tseu), of Purnamaitrayaniputra (Pu-la-na-mei-ta-li-yen-ni-fo-ta-lo), of Upali (Yeu-po-li), of Ananda ('O-nan-to), of Rahula (Lo-hu-lo), of Manjusri (Man-chu-sse-li), and stupas of other Bodhisattvas.

Every year during the three months in which long fasts are observed, and during the six fast-days of each month, the priests resort to these various stupas and pay mutual compliments; they make their religious offerings, and bring many rare and precious objects for presents. According to their school they visit the sacred object (figure) of their veneration. Those who study the Abhidharma honour Sariputra; those who practise meditation honour Mudgalaputra; those who recite the sutras honour Purnamaitrāyanīputra; those who study the Vinaya reverence Upāli. All the Bhikshuṇīs honour Ānanda, the Śrāmaṇeras honour Rāhula; those who study the Great Vehicle reverence the Bodhisattvas. On these days they honour the stūpas with offerings. They spread out (display) their jewelled banners; the rich (precious) coverings (parasols) are crowded together as network; the smoke of incense rises in clouds; and flowers are scattered in every direction like rain; the sun and the moon are concealed by the clouds which hang over the moist valleys. The king of the country and the great ministers apply themselves to these religious duties with zeal. To the east of the city about 5 or 6 li we come to a mountain sanghārāma. The hill-sides are pierced (excavated) to make cells (for the priests). We enter it through a valley, as by gates. This was constructed by the honourable Upagupta. There is in it a stūpa containing the nail-parings of the Tathāgata.

4.27

城東行五六里，至一山伽藍，疎崖為室，因谷為門，尊者鄔波毱多（唐言近護）之所建也。其中則有如來指爪窣堵波。