[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [釋迦方志](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2088) › 1.25 # 釋迦方志 1.25 釋迦方志 1.25 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2088.1.25) 自漢至唐往印度者。其道眾多未可言盡。如後所紀。且依大唐。往年使者則有三道。依道所經具覩遺跡。即而序之。其東道者從河州西北。度大河上曼天嶺。減四百里至鄯州。又西減百里至鄯城。鎮古州地也。又西南減百里。至故承風戍是隨互市地也。又西減二百里。至清海。海中有小山。海周七百餘里。海西南至吐谷渾衙帳。又西南至國界名白蘭羌。北界至積魚城。西北至多彌國。又西南至蘇毘國。又西南至敢國。又南少東至吐蕃國。又西南至小羊同國。又西南度呾倉去關吐蕃南界也。又東少南度末上。加三鼻關東南入谷。經十三飛梯十九棧道。又東南或西南。緣葛攀藤。野行四十餘日。至北印度尼波羅國（此國土吐蕃約為九千里）其中道者。從鄯州東川行百餘里。又北出六百餘里至涼州。東去京師二千里。從涼西而少北四百七十里至甘州。又西四百里至肅州。又西少北七千五里。至故玉門關。關在南北山間。又西減四百里至瓜州。又西南入磧三百餘里至沙州。又西南入磧七百餘里至納縛波故國即婁蘭地亦名鄯善。又西南千餘里至析摩陀那故國。即咀末地。又西六百餘里至都羅故國。皆荒城耳。又西入大流沙行四百餘里。至　瞿薩呾那國東境（即漢史所謂于殿國也。都護所居漢之所守。東去長安九千六百七十里）其關名尼壤城彼土自謂于遁國也。周四千餘里。沙磧太半寺有百餘。僧出五千大乘學者。從關至媲摩川二百餘里。有媲摩城中有栴檀立像高二丈餘。極多靈異光明。疾者隨痛以金薄帖像上便愈。其像本在憍賞彌國。是鄔陀衍那王所造。凌空至此國。北曷勞落迦城有異羅漢。每往禮之。王初不信以沙土坌羅漢。乃告敬信者曰。却後七日沙土滿城。於後二日乃雨寶滿街。至七日夜果雨土填城。略無遺人。其先告者。預作地穴從孔而出。東趣媲摩像亦同至。有記云。法滅之時像入龍宮也。其曷勞城今為大堆王欲掘寶必遭風變。又於媲摩城西行三百三十里。方至國城王都。南十里有大寺先王所立。西南十餘里寺有夾紵立像。從屈支國來。昔此有臣於彼禮敬。臣還本國遙念無已。像遂夜至乃捨宅為寺。都城西三百餘里勃伽夷城。有坐像高七尺相好無比。首有寶冠光明時現。都城西百六十里。路中大磧惟有鼠壤形大如蝟毛金銀色。昔凶奴來寇。王祈鼠靈乃夜齧人馬。兵器斷壞自然走退。都城西五里許寺有浮圖高百餘尺。多現光相王感舍利數百粒。羅漢以右手舉浮圖。安之函內。乃下之無傾動也。都城西南十餘里有瞿室𩜁伽山（此云牛角）有寺像現光明佛曾遊此為天人說法。記其建國崇學大乘。山巖石室有一羅漢。入滅心定待慈氏佛。數百年前崖崩塞戶。其國南界接東女國。從國城西越山谷。行八百餘里至。 > From the Han to the Tang, those who traveled to India took many routes that cannot be fully recounted, as will be recorded later. Taking the Great Tang as the standard, its former envoys took three routes. Following the routes traversed, one witnessed all the holy traces, and so they are now set forth in order. As for the Eastern Route, from Hezhou one travels northwest, crosses the Great River, ascends the Mantian Range, and in less than four hundred li reaches Shanzhou. Again west for less than one hundred li one reaches Shancheng, which is the seat of an ancient province. Again southwest for less than one hundred li one reaches the former Chengfeng Garrison, which is the site of the mutual trade market under the Sui. Again west for less than two hundred li one reaches the Qinghai \[Lake\]. In the lake there is a small island; the lake has a circumference of more than seven hundred li. Southwest of the lake one reaches the court tent of the Tuyuhun. Again southwest one reaches the border of the kingdom named Bailan Qiang. The northern border reaches Jiyu City. To the northwest one reaches the kingdom of Duomi. Again southwest one reaches the kingdom of Subi. Again southwest one reaches the kingdom of Gan. Again south and slightly east one reaches the kingdom of Tibet. Again southwest one reaches the kingdom of Little Yangtong. Again southwest one crosses Dacan Pass, which is the southern border of Tibet. Again east and slightly south one crosses Moshang, reaches the Sanbi Pass, and heads southeast into a valley. Passing through thirteen suspension ladders and nineteen cliff planks, again southeast or southwest, clinging to creepers and climbing vines, one travels in the wilderness for more than forty days to reach the kingdom of Nepāla in North India (this land is about nine thousand li from Tibet). As for the Middle Route, from the eastern river of Shanzhou one travels more than one hundred li, and again north for more than six hundred li reaches Liangzhou, which is two thousand li east of the capital. From Liangzhou going west and slightly north for four hundred and seventy li one reaches Ganzhou. Again west for four hundred li one reaches Suzhou. Again west and slightly north for seven thousand and five \[recte: seven hundred and five\] li one reaches the former Yumen Pass. The pass lies between the northern and southern mountains. Again west for less than four hundred li one reaches Guazhou. Again entering the gravel desert southwest for more than three hundred li one reaches Shazhou. Again entering the gravel desert southwest for more than seven hundred li one reaches the former kingdom of Navapa, which is the land of Loulan, also named Shanshan. Again southwest for more than one thousand li one reaches the former kingdom of Carchan, which is the land of Qiemo. Again west for more than six hundred li one reaches the former kingdom of Dula. These are all desolate cities. Again west entering the Great Shifting Sands, one travels for more than four hundred li to reach the eastern border of the kingdom of Kustana (which is the kingdom of Yutian spoken of in the Han histories; it was the seat of the Protector General and held by the Han, nine thousand six hundred and seventy li east of Chang'an). Its pass is named the city of Niya; that land calls itself the kingdom of Yutun. It has a circumference of more than four thousand li. Sandy desert covers more than half of it. There are more than one hundred monasteries with over five thousand monks, who are students of the Mahāyāna. From the pass to the Bima River is more than two hundred li. There is the city of Bima, in which stands a sandalwood statue over two zhang in height. It possesses an abundance of divine wonders and luminous brilliance. Sick persons, according to where their pain is, apply gold leaf to the statue, and they are immediately cured. This statue was originally in the kingdom of Kauśāmbī, commissioned by King Udayana; it soared through the air to this kingdom. In the north, in the city of Hālāka, there was an extraordinary arhat who frequently went to pay homage to it. The king initially did not believe, and scattered sand and soil over the arhat. \[The arhat\] then announced to a devout believer, saying: "After seven days, sand and soil will fill the city." After two days it indeed rained jewels filling the streets; on the night of the seventh day it indeed rained soil burying the city, leaving virtually no survivors. The one who had been told beforehand had prepared an underground cavity and escaped through a hole, heading east toward Bima, and the statue arrived there as well. A prophecy states: "When the Dharma perishes, this statue will enter the dragon palace." That city of Hālāka is now a great mound; whenever the king wished to dig for treasures, he would inevitably encounter severe windstorms. Again, traveling three hundred and thirty li west from the city of Bima, one arrives at the royal capital of the kingdom. Ten li south is a great monastery founded by a former king. More than ten li southwest is a monastery with a standing lacquer statue that came from the kingdom of Kuča. Formerly an official from here had paid homage to it there; when the official returned to his home country, his distant remembrance never ceased. The statue then arrived by night, and he gave up his residence to become a monastery. More than three hundred li west of the capital city, in the city of Bogayi, there is a seated statue seven chi high, peerless in marks and signs. Its head wears a jeweled crown, and its light appears from time to time. One hundred and sixty li west of the capital city, in the middle of the road through the great gravel desert, there are only rat mounds. \[The rats\] are as large as hedgehogs, with fur of gold and silver color. Formerly when the Xiongnu came to invade, the king prayed to the spirit of the rats; during the night they gnawed at the men and horses and cut through the weapons, which broke, and \[the invaders\] naturally fled and retreated. About five li west of the capital city, in a monastery, there is a stupa more than one hundred chi high that frequently displays luminous signs. The king obtained several hundred grains of relics. An arhat lifted the stupa with his right hand, placed them inside a casket, and lowered it back without any tilting or swaying. More than ten li southwest of the capital city is Mount Gośṛṅga (here translated as "Ox Horn"). There is a monastery where an image emits light; the Buddha once roamed here to preach the Dharma for devas and humans, predicting that the kingdom would be founded and revere the study of the Mahāyāna. In a rock chamber on the mountain cliff there is an arhat who entered the cessation samādhi to await Maitreya Buddha; several hundred years ago the cliff collapsed and blocked the entrance. The southern border of this kingdom adjoins the Eastern Women's Kingdom. Traveling from the capital city west, crossing mountains and valleys for more than eight hundred li, one reaches: > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2088.1.24) - [Next: 1.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2088.1.26) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2088.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2088~en-mt.1.25) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [法苑珠林](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.29.9) — 道世, Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2088.1.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2088.1.25) · Pramāṇa