[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [三教平心論](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2117) › 2.3 # 三教平心論 2.3 三教平心論 2.3 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2117.2.3) 愈又曰。乞以此骨付之水火。然後知大聖人之作為出於尋常萬萬也。夫不識佛為大聖人。何其顛倒錯亂。一至此哉。張無盡問大慧禪師曰。堯舜禹湯皆聖人也。佛竟不言之何耶。師曰。堯舜禹湯比梵王帝釋。有優劣否。公曰。堯舜禹湯豈可比梵王帝釋。師曰。佛以梵王帝釋為凡夫。餘可知矣。公乃擊節以為高論。由是觀之。則堯舜禹湯不及梵王帝釋遠矣。而梵釋猶為凡夫。自堯舜禹湯至于文武周公孔子。儒家皆以聖稱也。彼伯夷伊尹柳下惠。各以一善自著者。亦謂之聖也。而群聖之中必有大者焉。宰我曰。以予觀於夫子。賢於堯舜遠矣。子貢曰。自有生民以來。未有盛於孔子者也。是孔子者儒家之大聖人也。然佛又聖中之聖也。謂子不信。則請以前所紀佛氏之極功觀之。佛則自修因於億劫。而證果於今生。六度萬行罔不齊修。恒沙功德皆悉圓滿列子援孔子之言曰。丘聞。西方有大聖人。不治而不亂。范蔚宗著西域論曰。靈聖之所降集。賢懿之所挺生。或人問佛於文中子。答之以聖人。玄奘譯經。而唐太宗名之以聖教。本朝太宗皇帝賜天竺三藏法師天息災譯經序號曰三藏聖教序。有曰。飜貝葉之真詮。續人天之聖教。真宗皇帝賜天竺明教大師法賢譯經序而號曰繼聖教序。有曰。龍宮之聖藻惟新。鷲嶺之苾芻仰歎。蕭瑀曰。佛聖人也。非聖人者無法。裴休曰。佛為大聖人。其教有不思議事。疊而觀之。則世之所謂聖人者。孰有過於佛哉。彼不信佛而謗佛者。生為愚人死為愚鬼。捨身受身愈趨愈下。善擇術者果如是乎。 > \[Han\] Yu also said: "I beg that this bone be cast into water and fire; only then may it be known whether the actions of the Great Sage surpass ordinary \[men\] ten-thousand-fold." Indeed, that he did not recognize the Buddha as a Great Sage—how could he be so utterly perverse and muddled? Zhang Wujin asked Chan Master Dahui: "Yao, Shun, Yu, and Tang were all sages. Why is it that the Buddha did not speak of them at all?" The Master replied: "Comparing Yao, Shun, Yu, and Tang to King Brahmā and Śakra, is there any superiority or inferiority?" The Duke said: "How could Yao, Shun, Yu, and Tang compare to King Brahmā and Śakra?" The Master said: "The Buddha regarded King Brahmā and Śakra as ordinary worldlings; how much more so the rest!" The Duke then clapped in admiration, taking it to be a lofty argument. Viewed from this perspective, Yao, Shun, Yu, and Tang fall far short of King Brahmā and Śakra, yet Brahmā and Śakra are still ordinary worldlings. From Yao, Shun, Yu, and Tang down to Wen, Wu, the Duke of Zhou, and Confucius, Confucianism refers to them all as sages. Even Boyi, Yi Yin, and Liuxia Hui, who each distinguished themselves by a single virtue, are also called sages. Yet among the multitude of sages, there must be one who is great. Zai Wo said: "As I look upon the Master, he is far worthier than Yao and Shun." Zigong said: "Since the birth of humankind, there has never been one greater than Confucius." Thus Confucius is the Great Sage of Confucianism. Yet the Buddha is the Sage of sages. If you do not believe it, please look at the ultimate achievements of the Buddha recorded earlier: the Buddha cultivated causes through hundreds of millions of kalpas and attained the fruit in this present life; the six perfections and ten thousand practices were all cultivated alike, and merits numerous as the sands of the Ganges were all brought to completion. Liezi cited the words of Confucius, saying: "I, Qiu, have heard that in the west there is a Great Sage who does not govern, yet there is no disorder." Fan Weizong, in his \*Discourse on the Western Regions\*, wrote: "It is the place where divine sages descend and gather, and where virtuous and eminent ones step forth into life." When someone asked Wenzhongzi about the Buddha, he answered that he was a sage. When Xuanzang translated the sūtras, Emperor Taizong of the Tang named \[his preface\] the \*Preface to the Holy Teaching\*. Emperor Taizong of our dynasty bestowed upon the Indian Tripiṭaka Master Tianxizai a preface to his sūtra translations, entitled \*Preface to the Tripiṭaka Holy Teaching\*, which says: "Translating the true tenets of the palm leaves, continuing the holy teaching of gods and men." Emperor Zhenzong bestowed upon the Indian Master of Illuminating the Teaching Faxian a preface to his sūtra translations, entitled \*Preface on Continuing the Holy Teaching\*, which says: "The holy writings of the Dragon Palace are renewed; the bhikṣus of the Vulture Peak look up in sighing praise." Xiao Yu said: "The Buddha is a sage; one who is not a sage has no teaching." Pei Xiu said: "The Buddha is a Great Sage; his teaching has inconceivable matters." Looking upon these in accumulation, who among those called sages in the world surpasses the Buddha? Those who disbelieve in the Buddha and slander the Buddha will live as foolish people and die as foolish ghosts, casting off bodies and receiving bodies ever lower and lower. Could one who chooses his path well truly act like this? > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2117.2.2) - [Next: 2.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2117.2.4) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2117.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2117~en-mt.2.3) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2117.2.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2117.2.3) · Pramāṇa