[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [經律異相](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2121) › 15.16 # 經律異相 15.16 經律異相 15.16 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [15.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2121.15.16) 佛在憍薩羅國。與多比丘安居。諸白衣居士見多眾僧。為作房舍及衣。佛後歲還祇洹安居。是處故有二長老比丘。諸居士心念。我等今歲布施使如去年。令諸比丘得衣我得福不斷。多持衣物施二長老。作是念。是衣物分多。我等若分知得何罪竟不敢分。跋難陀遊行諸處遍觀施物多少。二長老遙見。從坐起迎與坐問訊。跋難陀問。眾僧安居有施物不。答有。問言分未。答言未分。何故。長老答言。是衣物多我人少。若分不知得何罪。跋難陀言。汝未分者好。二長老語跋難陀。汝能分不。答能跋難陀言。此中應作羯磨不得直分。時二長老盡持衣出著跋難陀前。跋難陀分是衣作三分。語言。汝二人坐一聚邊。自坐二聚間。語言。汝長老一心聽羯磨言。汝等二人一聚衣名為三。我一人二聚衣名為三。是羯磨好不。答言好。持是衣裹縛欲擔去。二長老言。是聚衣我等未分。云何便去。跋難陀言。我若與汝分者。是中一好衣應與知法人。然後當分。答言與即持一上寶衣出著一邊。分餘衣作二分與二長老。跋難陀即裹縛多衣物。擔負到祇洹。諸比丘經行。遙見跋難陀來。自相謂言。此無慚無愧。有見聞疑罪。多欲無厭人來。漸漸近已。問言。跋難陀。汝從何處得是多衣物來。跋難陀廣說上事。是中有比丘少欲知足行頭陀。聞是事心嫌恨種種訶責。云何名比丘。故奪二長老物。以事白佛。佛亦種種訶責。語諸比丘。是跋難陀。非但今世奪是二長老比丘物。過去世河曲中。有二獺在河中住。河邊得一鯉魚。無能分者二獺守住。有野干來飲水。見已問言。阿舅汝作何等。獺言。外甥。我等得此大魚不能分。汝能為我分不。答言能。此應經書語分不得直爾分。時野干即分魚作三分頭為一分尾為一分。中間肥者作一分。問言。誰喜近岸行。答言。此是。誰喜入深水行。答言。此是。時野干言。汝一心聽說。經書言。近岸行者與尾。入深水行者與頭。中間身分與知法者。爾時野干口銜是大魚身歸。婦見問曰。何處得。答言。有愚癡不知斷事間得。諸比丘。此二獺者。即今二長老比丘是。時野干者。今跋難陀是（出十誦律善誦卷第三僧祇律亦同）。 > The Buddha was staying in the country of Kosala, where he observed the rains retreat together with many monks. When various laypeople and householders saw the great assembly of monks, they made dwellings and robes for them. In a later year, the Buddha returned to the Jetavana for the rains retreat. At that former place, there were two elder monks remaining. The various householders thought: "Let our giving this year be just like last year's, so that the monks obtain robes and our merit continues unbroken." They brought many robes and other goods to give to the two elders. \[The two elders\] thought: "These robes and goods are a great portion. If we divide them, who knows what transgression we might incur?" In the end, they did not dare to divide them. Upananda was traveling through various places, everywhere observing whether the donated items were many or few. The two elders saw him from afar, rose from their seats to welcome him, gave him a seat, and exchanged greetings. Upananda asked, "Did the assembly of monks have any offerings during the rains retreat?" They replied, "There were." He asked, "Have they been divided yet?" They replied, "They have not yet been divided." "Why?" The elders replied, "These robes and goods are many, while our persons are few. If we divide them, we do not know what transgression we might incur." Upananda said, "It is well that you have not divided them." The two elders said to Upananda, "Can you divide them?" He replied, "I can." Upananda said, "In this matter, a formal Sangha action (karman) must be performed; they cannot simply be divided directly." Then the two elders brought out all the robes and placed them before Upananda. Upananda divided the robes into three portions. He said to them: "You two sit beside one heap, and I shall sit myself between the other two heaps." He said to them: "Elders, listen single-mindedly to the words of the karman: for you two persons, one heap of robes is called 'three'; for me, one person, two heaps of robes is called 'three'. Is this karman good or not?" They replied, "It is good." He then bundled and tied up these robes, intending to carry them away on a shoulder pole. The two elders said: "This heap of robes we have not yet divided among ourselves. How can you simply leave?" Upananda said: "If I divide them for you, one fine robe among them should be given to the one who knows the Dharma, and only then shall they be divided." They replied, "We give it to you." So he took out one superior precious robe and set it to one side, and divided the remaining robes into two shares, giving them to the two elders. Upananda then bundled up his many robes and goods and carried them on his shoulder to the Jetavana. The monks who were practicing walking meditation saw Upananda coming from afar and said among themselves: "Here comes this shameless, unconscionable man, guilty of offences based on what is seen, heard, and suspected, full of desire and insatiable." When he gradually drew near, they asked: "Upananda, from where did you obtain so many robes and goods?" Upananda recounted the preceding matter at length. Among them were monks of few desires and contentment who practiced dhūta austerities; hearing of this matter, their minds were indignant and they rebuked him in various ways: "How can one be called a monk and yet intentionally seize the goods of two elders?" They reported the matter to the Buddha. The Buddha also rebuked him in various ways, telling the monks: "Not only in this present life has Upananda seized the goods of these two elder monks. In a past life, along a bend in a river, two otters lived in the river. Beside the river they caught a carp, but neither could divide it, so the two otters stayed guarding it. A jackal came to drink water. Seeing them, he asked, 'Maternal uncles, what are you doing?' The otters said, 'Nephew, we have caught this big fish but cannot divide it. Can you divide it for us?' He replied, 'I can. This must be divided according to the teachings of the scriptures; it cannot simply be divided arbitrarily.' The jackal then divided the fish into three portions: the head was one portion, the tail was one portion, and the fat middle was one portion. He asked: 'Who likes to travel near the bank?' One replied, 'That is me.' 'Who likes to plunge into the deep water?' The other replied, 'That is me.' Then the jackal said: 'Listen single-mindedly to what I say. The scriptures say: to the one who travels near the bank is given the tail; to the one who plunges into deep water is given the head; and the middle body portion is given to the one who knows the Dharma.' At that time the jackal took the body of that large fish in his mouth and returned home. His wife saw him and asked, 'Where did you get this?' He replied, 'There were foolish ones who did not know how to resolve a matter, and I got it between them.' Monks, those two otters were indeed these two elder monks now, and the jackal of that time was indeed Upananda now." (Drawn from the Dasādhyāyavinaya, fascicle 3 of the 'Good Recitation' section; also found in the Mahāsāṃghikavinaya.) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 15.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2121.15.15) - [Next: 15.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2121.15.17) - [Up: 15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2121.15) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2121~en-mt.15.16) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2121.15.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2121.15.16) · Pramāṇa