[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [法苑珠林](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122) › 4.52 # 法苑珠林 4.52 法苑珠林 4.52 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [4.52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.4.52) 依起世經云。復何因緣夏時生熱。佛言。日天宮殿六月之間向北行。時一日常行六俱盧舍。未曾捨離日所行道。但於其中有十因緣。所有光明照觸彼十種山令其生熱。復何因緣有諸寒冷。日天宮殿六月已後漸向南行。復有十二因緣能生寒冷。於須彌山佉提羅迦山二山之間。有須彌海。闊八萬四千由旬。周迴無量。其中眾華悉皆遍滿香氣甚盛。日天光明照觸彼海。此是第一寒冷因緣。第二伊沙陀羅山。第三游乾陀山。第四善現山第五馬片頭山。第六尼民陀羅山。第七毘那耶迦山。第八輪圍大山。第九閻浮洲中所有諸河流行之處。日天照觸。故有寒冷。第十瞿陀尼洲諸河倍多。第十一弗婆提諸河倍多。第十二欝單越諸河倍多。此之十二諸河流水。日天光明照觸寒冷（前之生熱十二次前八山外。第九是空中去地萬由旬。有夜叉宮殿。第十是四。大洲山合為第十四）。又立世阿毘曇論。問言。云何冬寒。云何春熱。云何夏時寒熱。是冬時水界最長未減盡時。草木由濕未萎乾時。地大濕滑。火大向下。水界上升所以知然深水最暖淺水則冷。寒節已至日行路照炙不久。陽氣在內食消則速。以是事故冬時則寒。云何春熱時水界長起減已盡。草木乾萎。地已燥坼。水氣向下。火氣上升。何以知然。深水則冷淺水則熱。冬時已過日行內路照炙則久。身內火羸故春熱。云何夏時冷熱。是大地八月日中恒受照炙。大雲降雨之所灑散地氣蒸欝。若風吹時蒸氣消已。是時則寒。若風不起。是時則熱。是故夏中有時寒熱（西方四月為一時。但立春夏冬故不立秋。故立三時殿也）又起世經云。以何因緣有諸河水流於世間。佛告比丘。以有日故有熱。有熱故有炙。有炙故有蒸。有蒸故有汗濕以汗濕。故一切山中汗流為水以成諸河。 > According to the Qishi jing: "Furthermore, by what cause and condition does heat arise in summer?" The Buddha said, "During the six months when the Sun Deva's palace travels north, it always moves six krośas each day, never departing from the path along which the sun travels. But within it there are ten causes and conditions: all the radiance shines upon and touches those ten mountains, causing them to generate heat. By what cause and condition is there cold? After six months, the Sun Deva's palace gradually travels south, and there are twelve causes and conditions that can generate cold. Between Mount Sumeru and Mount Khadiraka, there is the Sumeru Sea, eighty-four thousand yojanas wide and immeasurable in circumference, completely filled with various flowers of exceeding fragrance. The Sun Deva's light shines upon and touches that sea: this is the first cause and condition of cold. The second is Mount Īṣādhara; the third is Mount Yugaṃdhara; the fourth is Mount Sudarśana; the fifth is Mount Aśvakarṇa; the sixth is Mount Nemimdhara; the seventh is Mount Vināyaka; the eighth is the Great Cakravāla Mountains; the ninth is all the places where rivers flow in Jambudvīpa, which the sun shines upon and touches, so that there is cold; the tenth is that the rivers in Godānīya are twice as numerous; the eleventh is that the rivers in Pūrvavideha are twice as numerous; the twelfth is that the rivers in Uttarakuru are twice as numerous. The sun's light shining upon and touching these twelve flowing river waters produces cold. (Before, the twelve causes generating heat were: besides the previous eight mountains, the ninth is the palaces of yakṣas ten thousand yojanas above the ground in the sky; the tenth is the four continents, the mountains of which combine to make the fourteenth.) Moreover, the Lokasthitābhidharma-śāstra asks: 'Why is it cold in winter? Why is it hot in spring? Why is it cold and hot in summer? In winter, the water element is at its longest and has not yet diminished; grass and trees are still moist and have not withered; the earth element is damp and slippery; the fire element goes downward; the water element rises. How is this known to be so? Deep water is warmest, while shallow water is cold. When the cold season has arrived, the sun's path of travel illuminates and scorches for but a short time. The yang qi is inside, so food digests quickly. For these reasons, it is cold in winter. Why is spring hot? The water element has increased, reduced, and been exhausted; grass and trees wither and dry up; the earth has dried and cracked; the water vapor goes downward; the fire vapor rises. How is this known to be so? Deep water is cold, while shallow water is hot. Winter having passed, the sun travels an inner path and illuminates and scorches for a long time. The fire inside the body is weak, and so spring is hot. Why is it cold and hot in summer? The great earth constantly receives illumination and scorching during the daylight of the eight months; the shower and scattering of rain from great clouds causes the earthly vapor to steam and build up. When the wind blows, after the steam dissolves, it is then cold; if no wind rises, it is then hot. Therefore it is sometimes cold and sometimes hot in summer.' (In the Western regions, four months make one season; they establish only spring, summer, and winter, and do not establish autumn. Thus they establish three-season palaces.) Furthermore, the Qishi jing states: 'By what cause and condition do the various river waters flow in the world?' The Buddha told the monks, 'Because there is the sun, there is heat; because there is heat, there is scorching; because there is scorching, there is steaming; because there is steaming, there is perspiration and moisture; and because of perspiration and moisture, the sweat flowing in all the mountains becomes water, forming the various rivers.'" > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.4.51) - [Next: 4.53](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.4.53) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122~en-mt.4.52) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.4.52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.4.52) · Pramāṇa