[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [法苑珠林](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122) › 48.7 # 法苑珠林 48.7 法苑珠林 48.7 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [48.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.48.7) 如中阿含經云。時有調馬師。名曰只尸。來詣佛所稽首佛足。退坐一面白佛言。世尊。我觀世間甚為輕淺。猶如群羊。世間唯我堪能調馬狂逸惡馬。我作方便須臾令彼態病悉現。隨其態病方便調伏。佛告調馬師。聚落主。汝以幾種方便調伏於馬。馬師白佛言。有三種法調伏惡馬。何等為三。一者柔軟。二者麁澁。三者柔軟麁澁。佛告聚落主。汝以三種方便調馬。猶不調者當如之何。馬師白佛。有不調者便當殺之。所以者何。莫令辱我。調馬師白佛言。世尊是無上調御丈夫。為以幾種方便調御丈夫。佛告聚落主。我亦以三種方便調御丈夫。何等為三。一者一向柔軟。二者一向麁澁。三者柔軟麁澁。佛告聚落主。所謂一向柔軟者。如汝所說。此是身善行。此是身善行報。此是口意善行。此是口意善行報。是名天。是名人。是名善趣化生。是名涅槃。是為柔軟。第二一向麁澁者。如汝所說。是身惡行。是身惡行報是。口意惡行。是口意惡行報。是名地獄。是名畜生。是名餓鬼。是名惡趣。是名墮惡趣。是名如來麁澁教也。第三彼柔軟麁澁俱者。謂如來有時說身善行。有時說身善行報。有時說口意善行。有時說口意善行報。有時說身惡行。有時說身惡行報。有時說口意惡行。有時說口意惡行報。如是名天如是名人。如是名善趣。如是名涅槃。如是名地獄。如是名畜生餓鬼。如是名惡趣。如是名墮惡趣。是名如來柔軟麁澁教。調馬師白佛言。世尊。若以三種方便調伏眾生。有不調者當如之何。佛告聚落主。亦當殺之。所以者何。莫令辱我。調馬師白佛言。若殺生者。於世尊法為不清淨。世尊法中亦不殺生。而今言殺其義云何。佛告聚落主。如來法中亦不殺生。然如來法中以三種教授。不調伏者。不復與語。不教不誡。豈非死耶。調馬師白佛。實爾世尊。不復與語。永不教誡。真為死也。以是之故。我從今日離諸惡不善業也。聞佛所說歡喜而去。 > As the Madhyamāgama-sūtra says: At that time, there was a horse trainer named Keśin. He came to where the Buddha was, bowed his head at the Buddha's feet, withdrew to sit to one side, and said to the Buddha: 'World-Honoured One, I observe the world to be exceedingly shallow and frivolous, just like a flock of sheep. In this world, I alone am able to train wild, unruly, and vicious horses. By applying skillful means, I make all their faults and flaws appear in an instant; in accordance with their faults and flaws, I tame them by skillful means.' The Buddha asked the horse trainer: 'Village chief, with how many kinds of skillful means do you tame horses?' The horse trainer said to the Buddha: 'There are three kinds of methods to tame vicious horses. What are the three? The first is gentleness; the second is roughness; the third is both gentleness and roughness.' The Buddha asked the village chief: 'If you train a horse with these three skillful means and it still is not tamed, what should be done with it?' The horse trainer said to the Buddha: 'If there is one that is not tamed, I will kill it. Why is that? So as not to let it bring shame upon me.' The horse trainer said to the Buddha: 'The World-Honoured One is the unsurpassed trainer of men. With how many kinds of skillful means do you train men?' The Buddha told the village chief: 'I also train men with three kinds of skillful means. What are the three? The first is exclusively gentle; the second is exclusively rough; the third is both gentle and rough.' The Buddha told the village chief: 'As for that which is exclusively gentle, it is as you say: "This is good action of body; this is the retribution for good action of body. This is good action of speech and mind; this is the retribution for good action of speech and mind. This is called deva; this is called human; this is called apparitional birth in a good destiny; this is called nirvāṇa." This is gentleness. Second, as for that which is exclusively rough, it is as you say: "This is evil action of body; this is the retribution for evil action of body. This is evil action of speech and mind; this is the retribution for evil action of speech and mind. This is called hell; this is called animal; this is called hungry ghost; this is called evil destiny; this is called falling into an evil destiny." This is the Tathāgata's rough teaching. Third, as for that which combines both gentleness and roughness: that is to say, the Tathāgata sometimes speaks of good action of body; sometimes speaks of retribution for good action of body; sometimes speaks of good action of speech and mind; sometimes speaks of retribution for good action of speech and mind; sometimes speaks of evil action of body; sometimes speaks of retribution for evil action of body; sometimes speaks of evil action of speech and mind; sometimes speaks of retribution for evil action of speech and mind. Such is called deva; such is called human; such is called good destiny; such is called nirvāṇa; such is called hell; such is called animal or hungry ghost; such is called evil destiny; such is called falling into an evil destiny. This is the Tathāgata's teaching that is both gentle and rough.' The horse trainer said to the Buddha: 'World-Honoured One, if sentient beings are trained by the three skillful means, and there are those who are still not tamed, what should be done with them?' The Buddha told the village chief: 'I also kill them. Why is that? So as not to let them bring shame upon me.' The horse trainer said to the Buddha: 'Killing living beings is an impure act in the Dharma of the World-Honoured One, and in the Dharma of the World-Honoured One there is no killing of living beings. Now when you speak of killing, what does it mean?' The Buddha told the village chief: 'In the Tathāgata's Dharma there is indeed no killing of living beings. However, when those who receive the three kinds of instruction in the Tathāgata's Dharma are not tamed, I no longer speak with them, neither teaching nor admonishing them. Is that not death?' The horse trainer said to the Buddha: 'Truly so, World-Honoured One! No longer being spoken with, and never being taught or admonished, is truly death! For this reason, from this day forth I shall abandon all evil and unwholesome deeds.' Hearing what the Buddha spoke, he rejoiced and departed. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 48.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.48.6) - [Next: 48.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.48.8) - [Up: 48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.48) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122~en-mt.48.7) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [諸經要集](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2123.7.48) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.48.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.48.7) · Pramāṇa