[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [法苑珠林](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122) › 88.129 # 法苑珠林 88.129 法苑珠林 88.129 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [88.129](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.88.129) 又提謂經云。提謂長者白佛言。世尊。歲三齋皆有所因。何以正用正月五月九月。六日齋用月八日十四日十五日二十三日二十九日三十日。佛言。正月者。少陽用事。萬神代位。陰陽交精。萬物萌生。道氣養之。故使太子正月一日持齋寂然行道。以助和氣長養萬物。故使竟十五日。五月者。太陽用事。萬物代位。草木萌類。生畢百物。懷妊未成。成者未壽。皆依道氣。故持五月一日齋。竟十五日。以助道氣。成長萬物。九月者。少陰用事。乾坤改位。萬物畢終。衰落無牢。眾生蟄藏。神氣歸本。因道自寧。故持九月一日齋。竟十五日。春者萬物生。夏者萬物長。秋者萬物收。冬者萬物藏。依道生沒。天地有大禁。故使弟子樂善者避禁持齋。救神故爾。長者提謂白佛言。三長齋何以正用一日至十五日。復言。如何名禁。佛言。四時交代陰陽易位。歲終三覆八校一月六奏。三界皓皓五處錄籍。眾生行異五官典領。校定罪福行之高下。品格萬途。諸天帝釋太子使者。日月鬼神地獄閻羅百萬神眾等。俱用正月一日五月一日九月一日。四布案行帝王臣民八夷飛鳥走獸鬼龍行之善惡。知與四天王月八日十五日盡三十日所奏同不。平均天下使無枉錯。覆校三界眾生罪福多少所屬。福多即生天。上即勅四鎮五羅大王司命。增壽益算。下閻羅王攝五官除罪名。定福祿故。使持是三長齋。是故三覆八校者八王日是也。亦是天帝釋輔鎮五羅四王地獄王阿須輪諸天。案行比校定生注死。增減罪福多少。有道意。無道意。大意小意。開解不開解。出家不出家。案比口數。皆用八王日何等八王日。謂立春春分立夏夏至。立秋秋分立冬冬至。是為八王日。天地諸神陰陽交代。故名八王日。月八日十四日十五日二十三日二十九日三十日。皆是天地用事之日。上下弦望朔晦皆錄命上計之日。故使於此日自守持齋。以還自校使不犯禁。自致生善處。 > Furthermore, the Tiwei jing states: The elder Tiwei addressed the Buddha, saying, "World-Honoured One, the three annual fasts each have their reasons; why are the first, fifth, and ninth months used specifically? And why are the eight-day, fourteenth-day, fifteenth-day, twenty-third-day, twenty-ninth-day, and thirtieth-day used for the six fast days?" The Buddha said, "In the first month, the lesser yang is in ascendance, the myriad spirits change positions, yin and yang intermingle their essences, the myriad things sprout, and the qi of the Dao nurtures them. Therefore, the crown prince is made to observe the fast on the first day of the first month and practice the Dao in stillness to assist the harmonious qi in rearing the myriad things, thus causing it to last for fifteen days. In the fifth month, the greater yang is in ascendance, the myriad things change positions, grasses and trees sprout in kinds, the hundred things are all born; pregnancies are not yet formed, and what is formed has not yet reached maturity—all rely on the qi of the Dao. Therefore, one observes the fast from the first day of the fifth month through the fifteenth day to assist the qi of the Dao and bring the myriad things to completion. In the ninth month, the lesser yin is in ascendance, Qian and Kun change positions, the myriad things come to their conclusion, withering with no firmness; living beings hibernate and hide, and the spiritual qi returns to the root, resting in peace by following the Dao. Therefore, one observes the fast from the first day of the ninth month through the fifteenth day. In spring the myriad things are born, in summer the myriad things grow, in autumn the myriad things are harvested, and in winter the myriad things are hidden away. Relying on the Dao, they arise and perish. Heaven and Earth have great prohibitions; therefore, disciples who delight in the good are caused to avoid the prohibitions and observe the fast, and it is for the sake of saving their spirits that this is so." The elder Tiwei addressed the Buddha, saying, "Why are the three extended fasts used specifically from the first day to the fifteenth day?" He asked again, "What is meant by 'prohibitions'?" The Buddha said, "The four seasons alternate, yin and yang change places; at the end of the year there are three reviews and eight inspections, and in one month there are six memorials. In the luminous three realms, the registers are recorded in five places; the deeds of sentient beings differ, and the Five Officials superintend them, checking and determining transgressions and merits, the high and low of their conduct, grading their myriad paths. The devas, Śakra, the crown prince, messengers, the sun and moon, ghosts and spirits, the hells, Yama, and the hundreds of thousands of spiritual assemblies all concurrently on the first day of the first month, the first day of the fifth month, and the first day of the ninth month disperse in the four directions to inspect the good and evil deeds of kings, ministers, common people, the eight barbarian tribes, flying birds, walking beasts, ghosts, and dragons, to ascertain whether they match what is memorialized by the Four Heavenly Kings on the eighth, fifteenth, and up to the thirtieth day of the month, evening out the world so that there are no injustices or errors. They re-examine the amount of transgressions and merits belonging to the sentient beings of the three realms: if one has much merit, one is immediately born in heaven, and above, orders are given to the Great Kings of the Four Guardians and Five Nets and the Directors of Fate to increase one's lifespan and lengthen one's allotted years; below, King Yama gathers the Five Officials, expunges the record of transgressions, and determines blessings and emoluments. Therefore, people are made to observe these three extended fasts. For this reason, the 'three reviews and eight inspections' refer to the days of the Eight Kings. These are also the days when Śakra, Heaven's Lord, the Five Nets assisting the guardians, the Four Kings, the kings of hell, the asuras, and the devas inspect and compare to determine birth and record death, increasing or decreasing the amount of transgressions and merits—whether they have the mind for the Dao or lack the mind for the Dao, have great resolve or small resolve, are awakened or not awakened, have gone forth from the household or have not gone forth—inspecting and tallying the census, all using the days of the Eight Kings. What are the days of the Eight Kings? They are the onset of spring, the spring equinox, the onset of summer, the summer solstice, the onset of autumn, the autumn equinox, the onset of winter, and the winter solstice. These are the days of the Eight Kings. The spirits of Heaven and Earth and yin and yang alternate, hence they are called the days of the Eight Kings. The eighth, fourteenth, fifteenth, twenty-third, twenty-ninth, and thirtieth days of the month are all days when Heaven and Earth take charge. The waxing quarter, waning quarter, full moon, new moon, and end of the month are all days when lifespans are recorded and submitted for evaluation. Therefore, on these days one is made to restrain oneself and observe the fast, so as to examine oneself in turn to prevent violating the prohibitions and thereby bring about rebirth in good destinies." > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 88.128](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.88.128) - [Next: 88.130](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.88.130) - [Up: 88](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.88) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122~en-mt.88.129) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.88.129](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.88.129) · Pramāṇa