[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大宋僧史略](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2126) › 1.42 # 大宋僧史略 1.42 大宋僧史略 1.42 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2126.1.42) 原其漢魏之僧也。雖剃染成形。而戒法未備。于時二眾唯受三歸。後漢永平至魏黃初以來。大僧沙彌曾無區別。有曇摩迦羅三藏及竺律炎維祇難等。皆傳律義。迦羅以嘉平正元中。與曇帝於洛陽出僧祇戒心。立大僧羯磨法。東土立壇。此其始也。詳其曼荼羅大祇施設不同。或巨摩規地。或以木構層。築泥分級。俱名壇也。除土掃地。則名墠也。墠場壇不同。皆是西域曼荼羅也。若據律宗。則須結仄隅。分限從其自然。生於作法。緬想魏朝。固應漠落矣。若此方受戒。則朱士行為其首也。南朝永明中。三吳初造戒壇。此又吳中之始也。唐初靈感寺南山宣律師。按法立壇。感長眉僧（即賓頭盧身也）隨喜讚歎。立壇應法勿過此焉。宣撰戒壇經一卷。今行于世。余嘗慨南山不明壇第四層覆釜形儀制。故著覆釜形儀。樂者尋之。以輔博知也。今右街副僧錄廣化大師真紹先募邑社。於東京大平興國寺。造石戒壇。一遵南山戒壇經。宏壯嚴麗。冠絕於天下也。 > Tracing back to the monks of the Han and Wei, although they shaved their heads and dyed their robes into monastic form, the precepts and vinaya were not yet fully provided. At that time, the two assemblies only received the three refuges. From the Yongping era of the Later Han through the Huangchu era of the Wei, there was no distinction between fully ordained monks and novice monks. There was the Tripiṭaka master Dharmakāla, as well as Zhu Luyan, Vighna, and others, who all transmitted the meaning of the vinaya. During the Jiaping and Zhengyuan eras, Dharmakāla and Saṅghavarmā produced the Mahāsāṃghika Prātimokṣa Heart in Luoyang and established the karmavācanā procedures for fully ordained monks. This was the beginning of establishing an altar in the Eastern land. Examining maṇḍalas in detail, their arrangements generally differ: some measure the ground with cow dung, while others construct tiers of wood, pounding earth to divide levels—both are called altars (tan). Sweeping the earth clean is called a ceremonial ground (shan). Shan, chang, and tan differ, yet all are the maṇḍalas of the Western Regions. Relying on the Vinaya school, one must define the boundaries and margins; the limits follow their natural terrain and arise from ritual acts. Thinking back to the Wei dynasty, it must indeed have been informal and rudimentary. As for receiving the precepts in this land, Zhu Shixing was the first. During the Yongming era of the Southern Dynasties, an ordination altar was first built in Sanwu; this was the beginning in the Wu region. In the early Tang, Vinaya Master Daoxuan of Nanshan at the Linggan Monastery established an altar according to the Dharma; he moved the long-eyebrow monk (who is Piṇḍola) to rejoice and praise it. For establishing an altar compliant with the Dharma, nothing surpassed this. Daoxuan composed the Jietan jing (Scripture on the Ordination Altar) in one fascicle, which circulates in the world today. I have often lamented that Nanshan did not clarify the form and specifications of the inverted bowl on the fourth tier of the altar; therefore I composed the Inverted Bowl Form and Specifications, so that those who delight in it may consult it to assist their broad learning. Now, Zhenshao, Master Guanghua and Vice Buddhist Registrar of the Right Street, first collected donations from a parish association and built a stone ordination altar at the Taiping Xingguo Monastery in the Eastern Capital, strictly following Nanshan's Scripture on the Ordination Altar. Magnificent and stately, it is peerless in all under heaven. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2126.1.41) - [Next: 1.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2126.1.43) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2126.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2126~en-mt.1.42) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2126.1.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2126.1.42) · Pramāṇa