[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [翻譯名義集](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131) › 7.94 # 翻譯名義集 7.94 翻譯名義集 7.94 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [7.94](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131.7.94) 六、【突吉羅】《善見》云：「突者，惡也；吉羅者，作也。」《聲論》：「正音突悉吉栗多。」《四分律本》云：「式叉迦羅尼，義翻應當學。胡國訛云尸叉罽賴尼，胡僧翻守戒也。此罪微細，持之極難，故隨學隨守以立名。」《十誦》云：「天眼見犯罪比丘，如駛雨下，豈非專翫在心，乃名守戒也。」七聚之中，分此一部以為二聚，身名惡作，口名惡說。《多論》「問：『何此獨名應當學？』答：『餘戒易持罪重，此戒難持易犯，常須念學，故不列罪名，但言應當學。』犯突吉羅眾學戒罪，如四天王壽五百歲，墮泥犁中，於人間數九百千歲。此墮等活地獄，人間五十年，下天一晝夜。」《俱舍》頌云：「等活等上六，如次以欲天；壽為一晝夜，壽量亦同彼；極熱中半劫，無間中劫全；傍生極一中，鬼日月五百；頞部陀壽量，如一婆訶麻；百年除一盡，後後倍二十。」 > 6. 【Duṣkṛta】 The Samantapāsādikā states: "'Duṣ' means evil; 'kṛta' means done." The Śabdavidyā states: "The correct pronunciation is duṣkṛta." The Dharmaguptaka Prātimokṣa states: "'Śikṣākaraṇīya' is translated by meaning as 'that which ought to be trained in'. In the barbarian kingdoms it is corruptly pronounced as śikṣākraiṇī, which barbarian monks translate as guarding the precepts. This offense is subtle and extremely difficult to uphold; hence it is named after learning and guarding at every moment." The Daśabhāṇavāra-vinaya states: "With the divine eye one sees bhikṣus committing offenses fall like torrential rain; is it not only by concentrating and attending intently in the mind that it is called guarding the precepts?" Among the seven groups, this single division is divided into two groups: bodily actions are called evil deeds (duṣkṛta), and vocal actions are called evil speech (durbhāṣita). The Abhidharmamahāvibhāṣā states: "Question: 'Why is this alone called "that which ought to be trained in"?' Answer: 'The other precepts are easy to uphold and their offenses are grave; this precept is difficult to uphold and easy to violate, and one must constantly be mindful of training in it, so the name of the offense is not listed, but it is merely said that one "ought to train in it."' The retribution for committing a duṣkṛta offense of the training precepts is like a lifespan of five hundred years among the Four Heavenly Kings, falling into Naraka; in human reckoning, it is 900,000 years. This is falling into the Sañjīva Hell, taking fifty human years as one day and night in that lower heaven." A verse from the Abhidharmakośa states: "Sañjīva and the six above it / correspond in order to the desire heavens; / with their lifespan as one day and night, / their lifespan is also equal to those. / In the Extreme Heat Hell it is half an intermediate kalpa, / in Avīci it is a full intermediate kalpa. / Animals live at most one intermediate kalpa; / for hungry ghosts, five hundred years of days and months. / The lifespan in Arbuda / is like a vāha of sesame seeds, / exhausting it by taking away one every hundred years; / each subsequent one is twenty times greater." > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 7.93](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131.7.93) - [Next: 7.95](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131.7.95) - [Up: 7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131.7) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131~en-mt.7.94) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (4) - [阿毘達磨順正理論](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.darsana.abhidharma.abhidharmakosa!nyayanusara*zh-xuanzang.31.45) — Classical Chinese - [四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.20) — Classical Chinese - [阿毘達磨俱舍論](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.darsana.abhidharma.abhidharmakosa!bhasya*zh-xuanzang.11.47) — Classical Chinese - [阿毘達磨藏顯宗論](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.darsana.abhidharma.abhidharmakosa!abhidharmakosasastrakarikabhasya*zh-xuanzang.17.9) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131.7.94](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131.7.94) · Pramāṇa