[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [出三藏記集](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145) › 3.14 # 出三藏記集 3.14 出三藏記集 3.14 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.3.14) 佛泥洹後。大迦葉集諸羅漢。於王舍城安居。命優波離出律。八萬法藏有八十誦。初大迦葉任持。第二阿難。第三末田地。第四舍那波提。第五優波掘。至百一十餘年傳授不異。一百一十餘年後。阿育王出世。初大邪見。毀壞佛法焚燒經書。僧眾星散。故八十誦灰滅。後值羅漢更生信心。懺悔除罪甚有神力。為鐵輪王王閻浮提。能役鬼神。一日一夜壞舍利八塔造八萬四千塔。還興顯佛法。請諸羅漢誦出經律。時有五大羅漢。各領徒眾弘法。見解不同。或執開隨制。共相傳習。遂有五部出焉。十六大國隨用並行。競各進業皆獲道證。自非聖道玄通。孰能使之然乎。後時五部異執紛然競起。阿育王言。皆誦佛語。我今何以測其是非問僧。佛法斷事云何。諸僧皆言。法應從多。阿育王即集五部僧共行籌當。爾時眾取婆麁富羅部籌多。遂改此一部為摩訶僧祇摩訶僧祇者。大眾名也。若就今時。此土行籌便此十誦律名摩訶僧祇也。大集經佛記。未來世當有此等律出世。與今事相應六名不異也。又有因緣經說。佛在世時有一長者。夢見一張白疊忽然自為五段。驚詣佛所請問其故。佛言。此乃我滅度後。律藏當分為五部。 > After the Buddha's parinirvāṇa, Mahākāśyapa assembled the arhats to spend the rains retreat at Rājagṛha. He instructed Upāli to recite the vinaya. The eighty-thousand stores of Dharma were contained in eighty recitations. Initially, Mahākāśyapa upheld them; second was Ānanda; third was Madhyāntika; fourth was Śāṇavāsa; fifth was Upagupta. For over one hundred and ten years, it was transmitted without deviation. After more than one hundred and ten years, King Aśoka arose in the world. At first, holding gross false views, he ruined the Buddha's Dharma and burnt the sūtras and treatises, and the saṅgha was scattered like stars; thus the eighty recitations were reduced to ashes. Later, encountering an arhat, he again gave birth to faith; repenting to eradicate his offenses, he gained great spiritual power. Becoming an iron wheel-turning king who ruled over Jambudvīpa, he was able to command ghosts and spirits. In a single day and night, he dismantled the eight reliquary stūpas and built eighty-four thousand stūpas, restoring and exalting the Buddha's Dharma once more. He requested the arhats to chant and recite the sūtras and vinaya. At that time there were five great arhats, each leading a group of disciples to propagate the Dharma. Because their views and understandings differed, some maintaining dispensations and others following proscriptions, they transmitted their practices mutually, and consequently five schools emerged. These were used and practiced concurrently in the sixteen great kingdoms; all competed to advance their practices, and all attained realization of the Way. Had the holy Way not been profoundly interconnected, who could have made it so? In later times, the disparate positions of the five schools arose in contention. King Aśoka said, 'All recite the words of the Buddha; how am I now to fathom what is right and wrong?' He asked the saṅgha, 'How does the Buddha's Dharma settle matters?' All the monks said, 'According to the Dharma, one should follow the majority.' King Aśoka immediately assembled the monks of the five schools to cast voting sticks together. At that time, the majority took the voting sticks of the Vātsīputrīya school. He thereupon altered this single school to be called Mahāsāṃghika. 'Mahāsāṃghika' means 'the Great Assembly'. If examined in terms of the present time, when voting sticks were cast in this land, it was this Daśādhyāya-vinaya that was named Mahāsāṃghika. The Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra records the Buddha's prophecy that in future ages these vinayas would appear in the world, matching the present events, with their six names not differing. Furthermore, an Avadāna-sūtra states that when the Buddha was in the world, an elder dreamed that a piece of white cotton cloth suddenly divided on its own into five pieces. Startled, he went to the Buddha's presence to ask for the reason. The Buddha said, 'This signifies that after my nirvāṇa, the Vinaya-piṭaka will divide into five schools.' > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.3.13) - [Next: 3.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.3.15) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145~en-mt.3.14) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.3.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.3.14) · Pramāṇa