[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [出三藏記集](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145) › 9.36 # 出三藏記集 9.36 出三藏記集 9.36 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [9.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.9.36) 中阿鋡經記云。昔釋法師。於長安出中阿鋡增一阿毘曇廣說僧伽羅叉阿毘曇心婆須蜜三法度二眾從解脫緣。此諸經律凡百餘萬言。並違本失旨名不當實。依悕屬辭句味亦差。良由譯人造次未善晉言故使爾耳。會燕秦交戰關中大亂。於是良匠背世。故以弗獲改正。乃經數年至關東小清。冀州道人釋法和。罽賓沙門僧伽提和。招集門徒俱遊洛邑。四五年中研講。遂精其人漸曉漢語。然後乃知先之失也。於是和乃追恨先失。即從提和更出阿毘曇及廣說也。自是之後。此諸經律漸皆譯正。唯中阿鋡僧伽羅叉婆須蜜從解脫緣。未更出耳。會僧伽提和進遊京師。應運流化法施江左。于時晉國大長者尚書令衛將軍東亭侯優婆塞王元琳。常護持正法以為己任。即檀越也。為出經故造立精舍。延請有道釋慧持等義學沙門四十許人。施諸所安四事無乏。又豫請經師僧伽羅叉。長供數年。然後乃以晉隆安元年丁酉之歲十一月十日。於楊州丹楊郡。建康縣界在其精舍更出此中阿鋡。請罽賓沙門僧伽羅叉令講胡本。請僧伽提和轉胡為晉。豫州沙門道慈筆受吳國李寶唐化共書。至來二年戊戌之歲六月二十五日。草本始訖。此中阿鋡凡有五誦。都十八品。有二百二十二經。合五十一萬四千八百二十五字。分為六十卷。時遇國大難未即正書。乃至五年辛丑之歲。方得正寫挍定流傳。其人傳譯。准之先出大有不同。於此二百二十二經中。若委靡順從則懼失聖旨。若從本制名類多異。舊則逆忤先習不愜眾情。是以其人不得自專。時有改本從舊名耳。然五部異同孰知其正。而道慈愚意怏怏於違本。故諸改名者皆抄出注下。新舊兩存別為一卷。與目錄相連以示於後。將來諸賢令知同異。得更採訪。脫遇高明外國善晉梵方言者。訪其得失刊之從正。 > The Record of the Madhyama-āgama states: In the past, the Dharma Master Shi \[Dao'an\] produced at Chang'an the Madhyama-āgama, Ekottarika\[-āgama\], the Great Exposition of Abhidharma, Saṅgharakṣa, the Abhidharma-hṛdaya, Vasumitra, the Tridharmaka, and the Pratimokṣa for the Two Assemblies. These sūtras and vinayas amounted to more than a million words in all, but they often contravened the original, lost the purport, and the terms did not correspond to the reality; relying on vague expressions, the phrasing and nuance were also flawed. This was truly because the translators were rushed and not yet well-versed in the language of Jin, which caused it to be so. It happened that Yan and Qin engaged in war, and the Guanzhong region was thrown into great chaos. Thereupon, the fine master passed away, and thus there was no opportunity to correct them. Several years passed until the region east of the passes had a slight peace. The Ji Prefecture cleric Shi Fahe and the Kapiśa śramaṇa Saṅghadeva gathered disciples and traveled together to the city of Luoyang. In the course of four or five years of study and lecturing, they attained mastery, and the man gradually came to understand the Chinese language; only then did they realize the previous errors. Thereupon, Fahe regretted the past errors, and immediately, together with Saṅghadeva, re-translated the Abhidharma and the Great Exposition. From this time on, these sūtras and vinayas were gradually all translated correctly; only the Madhyama-āgama, Saṅgharakṣa, Vasumitra, and the Pratimokṣa had not yet been re-translated. It happened that Saṅghadeva traveled further to the capital, answering the call to spread the teachings and bestow the Dharma gifts south of the Yangtze. At that time, the Great Elder of the Jin state, Prefect of the Masters of Writing, General of the Guard, Marquis of Dongting, and upāsaka Wang Yuanlin, who constantly took the protection and upholding of the true Dharma as his own duty, served as the dānapati. For the purpose of translating sūtras, he established a monastery and invited some forty doctrinal śramaṇas of virtue, such as Shi Huichi, providing them with all necessary comforts and the four requisites without lack. Moreover, he previously invited the sūtra master Saṅgharakṣa, maintaining support for him for several years. Only then, on the tenth day of the eleventh month in the dingyou year, the first year of Long'an of the Jin, in the Jiankang county boundaries of Danyang commandery in Yang Prefecture, within his monastery, did they re-translate this Madhyama-āgama. They invited the Kapiśa śramaṇa Saṅgharakṣa to expound the Hu text, and invited Saṅghadeva to translate from Hu into Jin. The Yu Prefecture śramaṇa Daoci served as the scribal recorder, and Li Bao and Tang Hua of the state of Wu wrote it down together. By the twenty-fifth day of the sixth month in the wuxu year, the following second year, the rough draft was first finished. This Madhyama-āgama has five recitations in all, comprising eighteen chapters and two hundred and twenty-two sūtras, totaling 514,825 characters, divided into sixty fascicles. At that time, encountering a great crisis in the state, it was not immediately copied as a fair text; only by the xinchou year, the fifth year, could it finally be properly copied, collated, and circulated. This translator's rendering differed greatly when compared with the earlier translation. Among these two hundred and twenty-two sūtras, if one were to submissively follow \[the old\], one feared losing the holy purport; if one followed the original to establish the terminology, many terms differed from the old, thus running contrary to previous familiarity and displeasing the public sentiment. For this reason, the translator could not act on his own authority, and occasionally altered the text to follow the old terms. Yet, among the differences and similarities of the five divisions, who knows which is correct? In my, Daoci's, humble opinion, I felt vexed at contravening the original; therefore, all the altered names have been extracted and annotated below them. Preserving both the new and old, they form a separate fascicle connected to the catalogue, to show to those who come after, so that future worthies will know the similarities and differences and can investigate further; should they happen to meet an eminent foreigner who is skilled in both Jin and the Fan regional languages, they may consult on its successes and failures, and edit it to accord with correctness. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 9.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.9.35) - [Next: 9.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.9.37) - [Up: 9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.9) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145~en-mt.9.36) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.9.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2145.9.36) · Pramāṇa