[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [維摩經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2770) › 1.3 # 維摩經疏 1.3 維摩經疏 1.3 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2770.1.3) 下行德中文別有二。一隨德別歎。二布施下隨位別嘆。前隨德中心常安住無礙解脫空解脫也。亦可。安住一切法界無礙解脫。此即十地解脫大也。念謂正念。念門不同。或說三種。念佛法僧。或說四種。身受心法。又如地論上。念同法功德求義亦是四也。或說六種。念佛法僧戒施及天。如涅槃釋。或說八種。如龍樹說。前六種上更加二種。一念出入息。繫心住於數息法門。二者念死。常修死相。或說十種如大智論摩訶衍品說。前八種上更加二種。一者念滅。念彼涅槃無為寂滅起意趣求。二者念身。自念己身無常苦空無我不淨修行厭離。或說十一。如地經說。念菩薩行。念波羅蜜。念十地。念不懷力。念無畏。念不共法乃至不離。念一切智。廣則無量菩薩悉念。定者。所謂九次第定。八禪滅盡是九定也。亦可。一切所得三昧悉名為定。此即十地三昧大也。言總持者。陀羅尼大。此即十地陀羅尼大。言辨才者。四無礙辨。知法辨了名之為辨。又說。辨了亦名為辨。言辭才巧故名為才。念念常現故云不斷。又說無間亦云不斷。上來第一隨德別嘆。人言此嘆地前功德。當應不然。嘆地前行多不舉此勝上功德。 > In the following text on the virtue of practice, there are two distinct parts: first, praising them individually according to their virtues; second, from 'dāna' onward, praising them individually according to their stages. First, regarding \[praising them\] according to their virtues: 'their minds are constantly peacefully dwelling in anāvaraṇa-vimokṣa' is śūnyatā-vimokṣa. Alternatively, it means peacefully dwelling in the unobstructed liberation of all dharmadhātus; this is the greatness of liberation in the daśabhūmi. 'Mindfulness' refers to samyaksmṛti. The gates of mindfulness differ: some speak of three kinds, being mindful of the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha; some speak of four kinds, \[mindfulness of\] the body, feelings, mind, and dharmas. Furthermore, as in the Daśabhūmika-śāstra, mindfulness of sharing the Dharma, virtue, and seeking meaning are also four. Some speak of six kinds: mindfulness of the Buddha, Dharma, Saṅgha, śīla, dāna, and deities, as explained in the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra. Some speak of eight kinds, as Nāgārjuna says; adding two kinds onto the previous six: first, mindfulness of inhalation and exhalation, fastening the mind to dwell on the gate of counting breaths; second, mindfulness of death, constantly cultivating the perception of death. Some speak of ten kinds, as explained in the Mahāyāna chapter of the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa; adding two kinds onto the previous eight: first, mindfulness of cessation, being mindful of that unconditioned and quiescent cessation of nirvāṇa, giving rise to an aspiration to seek it; second, mindfulness of the body, being mindful of one's own body as impermanent, suffering, empty, non-self, and impure, cultivating revulsion and renunciation. Some speak of eleven kinds, as the Daśabhūmika-sūtra says: mindfulness of bodhisattva practice, mindfulness of the pāramitās, mindfulness of the daśabhūmi, mindfulness of non-destructive power, mindfulness of fearlessness, mindfulness of unshared qualities, up to not departing from mindfulness of omniscience (sarvajñāna); broadly speaking, they are limitless, and the bodhisattvas are mindful of them all. 'Concentration' refers to the navānupūrvavihārasamāpattayaḥ; the eight dhyānas and nirodhasamāpatti are the nine concentrations. Alternatively, all samādhis that are attained are collectively called concentration; this is the greatness of samādhi in the daśabhūmi. As for 'dhāraṇī', this is the greatness of dhāraṇī, which is the greatness of dhāraṇī in the daśabhūmi. As for 'eloquence', it is the catasraḥ pratisamvidaḥ. Knowing the dharmas and discerning them clearly is called 'pratisamvid' (discerning eloquence). It is also said that clear discernment is also called 'discerning'; because the spoken phrasing is skillful, it is called 'talent' (eloquence). Because it constantly manifests thought after thought, it is said to be 'uninterrupted'. It is also said that being without interval is also called 'uninterrupted'. The above is the first part, praising them individually according to their virtues. Some people say that this praises the virtues before the bhūmis; this must not be so, for praises of the practices before the bhūmis generally do not bring up such supreme virtues. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2770.1.2) - [Next: 1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2770.1.4) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2770.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2770~en-mt.1.3) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2770.1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2770.1.3) · Pramāṇa