[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [淨名經關中釋抄](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2778) › 2.5 # 淨名經關中釋抄 2.5 淨名經關中釋抄 2.5 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2778.2.5) 五濁者。亦云五滓。名異意一。一劫濁。謂大小三災時危在險。二眾生濁。六道雜居業苦相繫。三煩惱濁。貪嗔癡慢甚增盛故。四見濁。身邊邪等執不可移。五命濁。壽命短促習善無成。悲花經明成劫壞劫空劫無濁。住劫至二萬歲六萬有濁也。十地經六濁。尼乾子經有十二濁。經數無定。即知劫末聖遙。何者非濁。而五六等言隨根布教耳。 > The 'five turbidities' are also called the five dregs; the names differ but the meaning is one. First is the turbidity of the kalpa, meaning the times of the greater and lesser three disasters, where danger and peril abound. Second is the turbidity of sentient beings, where the six destinies dwell mingled together, bound to one another by karma and suffering. Third is the turbidity of afflictions, because greed, anger, ignorance, and arrogance flourish exceedingly. Fourth is the turbidity of views, where grasps at the body, extremes, wrong views, and so forth cannot be shifted. Fifth is the turbidity of lifespan, where lifespan is short and brief, and practicing good yields no accomplishment. The Karuṇāpuṇḍarīka Sūtra clarifies that the kalpa of formation, the kalpa of destruction, and the kalpa of emptiness have no turbidities; during the kalpa of abiding, when lifespan reaches twenty thousand down to sixty thousand years, there are turbidities. The Daśabhūmika Sūtra speaks of six turbidities; the Nirgrantha Sūtra has twelve turbidities. Sūtra numbers are not fixed; thus we know that at the end of the kalpa, the sage being distant, what is not a turbidity? The words 'five', 'six', and so forth merely set out teachings according to capacities. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.4.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2778.2.4.4) - [Next: 2.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2778.2.6) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2778.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2778~en-mt.2.5) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2778.2.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2778.2.5) · Pramāṇa