[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2787) › 3.43 # 四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 3.43 四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 3.43 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2787.3.43) 輒教受教尼戒第二十一　制意者有三。一尼須教授意者。尼是女弱。闕於遊方。諮稟未聞。迷於理行。二教宣若夜遊故須教授曲示行儀。大僧丈夫形無障礙。處處諮承故不別教授。二須差意者。教授事難須備德行。故委任眾量簡。遣有德慈心訓誨。開曉心懷令生解行。終登道益。故須差遣。三結罪意者。今不被僧差輒往教授。濫行風教。乖於軌道之方。失於風靡之化。輕法自尊。損處不輕。故得提罪　次釋名專任自由不蒙僧命。稱之為輒。宣傳行德開曉未閑。名為教授。故曰輒教授尼　又明具緣。通緣如上。別緣有五。一有少德行為簡。全無德者永無教授之義。理不合差故無輒教尼罪。少謂極五如增五說。有五法得教誡尼。謂十德中初二八九十等是。雖備上德。若彼僧差本自無過故。次第二僧不差。雖不被差不作眾法。雖教誡離已亦自無犯故。次第三集尼眾眾集。若說八敬生過義微。但得小罪故須第四說法除八敬。第五隨所說法言了便犯。已下正明戒本。此戒因愛尼來請教授。佛令差往僧。槃陀往彼說法。六群次往為說世論。愛道白佛。佛令羯磨而差因制戒。 > Precept 21: Presumptuously Instructing Nuns / Regarding the intention behind establishing \[this precept\], there are three points. First, the intention that nuns require instruction: nuns are frail women who lack the ability to wander abroad to consult and receive teachings they have not heard, and are confused about doctrine and practice. Second, teaching and proclaiming, like traveling at night, therefore requires instruction to detail the deportment of practice. Senior monks are men whose bodies face no obstruction; they consult and receive teachings everywhere, so they are not separately instructed. Second, the intention behind requiring deputation: the task of instructing is difficult and demands complete virtuous conduct. Therefore, the saṅgha is entrusted to evaluate and select, dispatching those of virtuous conduct and compassionate heart to admonish and guide, opening and illuminating their minds so as to engender understanding and practice, ultimately ascending to the benefit of the path; hence they must be deputed. Third, the intention behind penalizing the offense: now, not being deputed by the saṅgha, one presumptuously goes to instruct, disordering the practice of moral education, deviating from proper methods and losing the transformative power of moral influence, slighting the Dharma and exalting oneself; the harm is not light, hence one incurs a prāyaścittika offense. / Next, explaining the title: acting entirely on one's own initiative without receiving the command of the saṅgha is called "presumptuously." Proclaiming virtuous conduct and opening the minds of the unpracticed is called "instruction." Hence it is said: "presumptuously instructing nuns." / Further, clarifying the constituent conditions: the general conditions are as above. There are five specific conditions: first, having at least a minimum of virtuous conduct so as to be eligible; one completely devoid of virtue can never have the duty of instructing, and reasonably should not be deputed, so there is no offense of presumptuously instructing nuns. "A minimum" means at least five \[qualities\], as stated in the \[chapter on\] "Sets of Five": one with five dharmas may admonish nuns, referring to the first, second, eighth, ninth, and tenth of the ten virtues. Although endowed with the superior virtues above, if the saṅgha deputes him, originally there is no fault; hence second, the saṅgha has not deputed him. Although not deputed, if one does not perform the saṅgha's communal act—even if one admonishes while staying separated—there is also no offense; hence third, the gathering of the assembly of nuns. If, when the assembly is gathered, one speaks on the eight gurudharmas, the arising of fault is slight and one incurs only a minor offense; hence fourth, preaching the Dharma other than the eight gurudharmas. Fifth, as soon as the words of whatever Dharma is preached are completed, one commits the offense. Below, the text of the precept is properly explained. This precept arose because nun Mahāprajāpatī came to request instruction. The Buddha had the saṅgha depute \[someone\] to go; Panthaka went there to preach the Dharma. The group of six went next to preach worldly talk to them. Mahāprajāpatī reported this to the Buddha; the Buddha ordered that \[monks\] be deputed by karmavācanā, and thereupon established the precept. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2787.3.42) - [Next: 3.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2787.3.44) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2787.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2787~en-mt.3.43) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2787.3.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2787.3.43) · Pramāṇa