Dhammapada 3.8: 8. Nandagopālakavatthu

3.8.p1

Diso disanti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā kosalajanapade nandagopālakaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Whatever a hater may do to a hater. This religious instruction was given by the Teacher while he was in residence in the Kosala country with reference to Nanda the herdsman.

3.8.p2

Sāvatthiyaṃ kira anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatino nando nāma gopālako goyūthaṃ rakkhati aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo. So kira yathā keṇiyo jaṭilo pabbajjāvesena, evaṃ gopālakattena rājabaliṃ pariharanto attano kuṭumbaṃ rakkhati. So kālena kālaṃ pañca gorase ādāya anāthapiṇḍikassa santikaṃ āgantvā satthāraṃ passati, dhammaṃ suṇāti, attano vasanaṭṭhānaṃ āgamanatthāya satthāraṃ yācati. Satthā tassa ñāṇaparipākaṃ āgamayamāno āgantvā paripakkabhāvaṃ ñatvā ekadivasaṃ mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivuto cārikaṃ caranto maggā okkamma tassa vasanaṭṭhānāsanne aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Nando satthu santikaṃ agantvā vanditvā paṭisanthāraṃ katvā satthāraṃ nimantetvā satthāhaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa paṇītaṃ pañcagorasadānaṃ adāsi. Sattame divase satthā anumodanaṃ katvā dānakathādibhedaṃ anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi. Kathāpariyosāne nandagopālako sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāya satthu pattaṃ gahetvā satthāraṃ anugacchanto dūraṃ gantvā, ‘‘tiṭṭha, upāsakā’’ti nivattiyamāno vanditvā nivatti. Atha naṃ eko luddako vijjhitvā māresi. Pacchato āgacchantā bhikkhū naṃ disvā gantvā satthāraṃ āhaṃsu – ‘‘nando, bhante, gopālako tumhākaṃ idhāgatattā mahādānaṃ datvā anugantvā nivattento mārito, sace tumhe nāgacchissatha, nāssa maraṇaṃ abhavissā’’ti. Satthā, ‘‘bhikkhave, mayi āgatepi anāgatepi tassa catasso disā catasso anudisā ca gacchantassāpi maraṇato muccanūpāyo nāma natthi. Yañhi neva corā, na verino karonti, taṃ imesaṃ sattānaṃ antopaduṭṭhaṃ micchāpaṇihitaṃ cittameva karotī’’ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

At Sāvatthi, we are told, the householder Anāthapiṇḍika had a herdsman named Nanda who tended his herd of cattle. Nanda was rich, possessed of abundant wealth, possessed of ample means of enjoyment. We are told that, as did Keṇiya the ascetic of the matted locks by retiring from the world, so did Nanda by tending herds and by managing the king’s revenue preserve his own wealth. Again and again Nanda, taking the five products of the cow, went to the house of Anāthapiṇḍika, beheld the Teacher, listened to the Law, and invited the Teacher to come to his own residence. For some time the Teacher waited for Nanda’s wisdom to ripen, and therefore refrained from going. But one day, making his round for alms, accompanied by a large company of monks, perceiving that his wisdom had ripened, he withdrew from the road and sat down under a certain tree near Nanda’s place of abode.

Nanda went to the Teacher, paid obeisance to him, greeted him in

-N.1.32517] a friendly manner, invited the Teacher to accept his hospitality, and for seven days gave the Congregation of Monks the choicest of the five products of the cow. On the seventh day the Teacher, returning thanks, delivered in orderly sequence the discourse on almsgiving and other discourses. At the conclusion of the discourse Nanda the herdsman was established in the Fruit of Conversion. Thereupon he took the bowl of the Teacher and accompanied him on his way for a considerable distance. Then said the Teacher, "Halt, disciple." Straightway Nanda obeyed the Teacher's command, paid obeisance to him, and turned back.

At that moment a hunter shot an arrow and killed Nanda. The monks saw this as they were returning, and went and said to the Teacher, "Reverend Sir, because of your coming here, Nanda the herdsman gave abundant gifts, accompanied you on your journey, and was killed as he returned. Had you not come, his death would not have occurred." The Teacher replied, "Monks, whether I had gone or not, whether Nanda had gone to the four cardinal points or to the four intermediate points, he could not possibly have escaped from death. For what neither thieves nor enemies do, this a corrupt mind attached to falsehood does to living creatures here in the world." So saying, he pronounced the following Stanza,

3.8.42

‘‘Diso disaṃ yaṃ taṃ kayirā, verī vā pana verinaṃ;
Micchāpaṇihitaṃ cittaṃ, pāpiyo naṃ tato kare’’ti.

42. Whatever a hater may do to a hater, or an enemy to an enemy,
Thoughts attached to falsehood will do a man yet more harm.

3.8.42_2

Tattha diso disanti coro coraṃ. ‘‘Disvā’’ti pāṭhaseso. Yaṃ taṃ kayirāti yaṃ taṃ tassa anayabyasanaṃ kareyya. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – eko ekassa mittadubbhī coro puttadārakhettavatthu gomahiṃsādīsu aparajjhanto yassa aparajjhati, tampi tatheva attani aparajjhantaṃ coraṃ disvā, veri vā pana kenacideva kāraṇena baddhaveraṃ veriṃ disvā attano kakkhaḷatāya dāruṇatāya yaṃ taṃ tassa anayabyasanaṃ kareyya, puttadāraṃ vā pīḷeyya, khettādīni vā nāseyya, jīvitā vā pana naṃ voropeyya, dasasu akusalakammapathesu micchāṭhapitattā micchāpahiṇitaṃ cittaṃ pāpiyo naṃ tato kare taṃ purisaṃ tato pāpataraṃ kareyya. Vuttappakārehi, diso disassa vā verī verino vā imasmiṃyeva attabhāve dukkhaṃ vā uppādeyya, jīvitakkhayaṃ vā kareyya. Idaṃ pana akusalakammapathesu micchāṭhapitaṃ cittaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme anayabyasanaṃ pāpeti, attabhāvasatasahassesupi catūsu apāyesu khipitvā sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ na detīti.

3.8.42_3

Desanāpariyosāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pattā. Mahājanassa sātthikā desanā jātā. Upāsakena pana bhavantare katakammaṃ bhikkhūhi na pucchitaṃ, tasmā satthārā na kathitanti.

The monks, however, did not ask the Teacher what the disciple had done in a former birth, and therefore the Teacher said nothing about it.

3.8.42_4

Nandagopālakavatthu aṭṭhamaṃ.