[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Dark Ages](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages) › [General histories](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general) › [Muntakhab al-tawārīkh](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh) › [Muntakhabu-t-tawarikh (Ranking, Lowe, Haig)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig) › 57 # Muntakhab al-tawarikh 57: Zahiru-D-Din Muhammad Babar Padshah Ghazi. Muntakhabu-t-tawārīkh (Ranking, Lowe, Haig) 57 - **Language:** English ### Zahiru-D-Din Muhammad Babar Padshah Ghazi. ### [57.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57.1) After this ascended the throne of sovereignty, and by his justice and liberality adorned the world with fresh lustre and glory, and sent rewards to Samarqand, ‘Iraq, Khorasan and Kashghar. He also despatched offerings to the sacred cities of Makkah and Medinah, and to the holy places of pilgrimage, and sent off gold beyond price to all the inhabitants of Badakhshan and Kabul, to each its separate store, from the vast treasuries of Hindustan. He converted the world into a rose garden. The Amirs of Hindustan, notwithstanding his conciliatory behaviour and efforts to improve their fortunes, did not yield obedience to him, but behaved like unruly savages, and took to fortifying themselves in their fortresses and estates, while Qasim Sambhali in Sambal, and Nizam Khan in Baiana, and Hasan Khan Mewati in Alwar, and Tatar Khan Sarang Khani in Gwaliar, took refuge in their respective fortresses. Itawa was held by Qutb Khan, and Kalpi by ‘Alam Khan, while Qanauj and all the eastern districts were in the possession of the Afghans, who, in the reign of Sultan Ibrahim also, had refused to own his sway, and having raised the son of Bihar Khan to the throne, gave him the title of Sultan Muhammad; ### [57.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57.2) his empire extended as far as Bihar, and Nasir Khan Luhani and Ma'ruf Farmuli and other powerful Amirs gave in their allegiance to him, while a slave of Sultan Ibrahim named Marghub, having fortified the township of Mahawan, which is situated at a distance of twenty krohs from Agra, on the far side of the river Jamna, refused to own him as king. Accordingly troops were detailed by Babar Padishah to conquer these countries, and Firoz Khan, and Sarang Khan, and Shaikh Bayazid, the brother of Mustafa Farmuli, with other Afghans coming and tendering their submission, were given jaegirs. Shaikh Guran who was one of the Hindustani Amirs, and also one of their most accomplished men, being unrivalled in the art of music, came with his whole following and had an interview (with Babar) in the Doab. ### [57.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57.3) The territory of Sambal was conferred as a jaegir upon Shahzada Muhammad Humayun Mirza. The Amirs seized Qasim Sanbali and sent him to Babar, while another body of men had been sent against Baiana, and had besieged Nizam Khan, keeping him closely invested. In this year also Rana Sanka having wrested the fortress of Kiandar, which is in the vicinity of Rantanbhur, from Hasan son of Makhan, was in possession of it; and Shahzada Muhammad Humayun Mirza, with a party of Amirs who had been appointed to capture and hold Dholpur, were ordered to proceed against a body of Afghans of the Luhani faction who were close on fifty thousand, and had advanced beyond Qanauj. Both Saiyyid Mahdi Khwaja, and Muhammad Sultan Mirza, who had been ordered to capture Itawa, joined the retinue of the Shahzada, who brought into subjection the whole of the eastern districts as far as Jaunpur. In the meanwhile Rana Sanka and Hasan Khan Miwati raised to the throne one of the sons of Sultan Sikandar Lodi, named Sultan Muhammad, with the title of Padshah, and started on an expedition against the territories of Babar with a large following and vast army. Travelling by way of Basawar, they arrived in the neighbourhood of Fathpur, otherwise known as Sikri. Nizam the Governor of Baiana made representations to the Court of Babar and gained a certain degree of influence. ### [57.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57.4) Rafi'u-d-Din Safavi, who was one of the most powerful Saiyyids of Balkh and the chief of the traditionists, and who, having come to Hindustan in the reign of Sultan Sikandar Lodi, had been given the title of Hazrat-i-Muqaddas (His Holiness), came and had audience of the Sultan and tendered his service. Tatar Khan Sarang Khani also, after that Rana Sanka seized the fortress of Khandhar, and the infidels had got the upper hand, first of all sent a representation to King (Babar) saying, I intend to surrender the fortress of Gwaliar, but when Khwaja Raham Dad and Shaikh Ghuran and a further party also arrived, he was ashamed (of this weakness). This party then, by the guidance of Shaikh Muhammad Ghaus, who was unrivalled in his time, and was the chief authority on the science of da'wat-i-asma, entered the fort by some skilful stratagem and took it from Tatar Khan whether he would or no, and sent him into the presence of Babar Padishah. In just this same way also Muhammad Zaitun the Afghan gave up the fort of Dholpur to the Amirs of Babar, and coming in had an interview with the King. In the meanwhile, Rana Sanka had arrived on the confines of Baiana and was doing damage to the country, and had, after a halt of a few days, reached Fathpur. Babar Padishah, with a small body of the soldiery which he had with him left the capital of Agra with the object of engaging him in battle. ### [57.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57.5) He also wrote a despatch to summon Shahzada Muhammad Humayun Mirza, ordering him to leave Jaunpur in charge of certain eminent Amirs, and to come himself with all speed to take part in that war; the victorious Prince, having taken the country of Har-aud and Bihar from Nasir Khan Luhani, and having appointed Khwaja Amir, Shah Hasan and Amir Junaid Birlas to the government of Jaunpur, proceeded by way of Kalpi, and by adopting measures partly peaceful and partly warlike, brought over ‘Alam Khan the governor of that place, and made him one of his adherents. He lost no time in attaching himself to the king’s service, and was granted many royal favours. At this same time, that pattern for the great and noble, Khwaja Khawind Naqshbandi arrived from Kabul, and the Amirs sitting in council determined by a majority, that, seeing that the army of Rana Sanka is currently reported to exceed in multitude the ants and locusts, it appears advisable to strengthen the fortress of Agra, and that, leaving it in charge of a garrison, the sovereign of Islam should proceed in his own excellent person towards the Panjab, and wait for the development of unseen events. The king did not agree to the decision of this council, but girded up his loins to carry into effect his intention of a jihad, and setting his heart upon martyrdom, marched in the direction of the field of Fathpur and made this project the aim and object of his ambition. ### [57.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57.6) Verse. Since the soul must of necessity at last leave the body, This is best, that, when the time comes, it should at least depart with honour. The end of the world is this, and nothing more That after a man’s death, his name should remain. The Amirs also, placing their hands upon the sacred word, (the Qur’an), swore an oath to renew their compact and carry out their intention of making war upon the infidels, for the exaltation of the sublime creed, and the promulgation of the glorious law, deeming the field of battle to be a joyful assembly, and doing full justice to the claims of manliness in such a way as the eye of time had never before witnessed, and after many strenuous efforts the standards of Islam floated bravely on high, while the banners of infidelity were laid low. In the thick of the fight an arrow found its way to the forehead of Hasan Khan Mewati, who was an infidel who used the Kalimah, they cast him into a well and took to flight, while he fell into the well of Hell; although a certain Mewati, a jogi in form and appearance, in the year 960 H., after the death of Salim Shah Afghan Sur, raised a rebellion in Mewat, and called himself Hasan Khan, and mentioned certain of the secret signs to the Mewatis, still, a certain number acknowledged him. The composer of this (selection) also, in the year 965 H. ### [57.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57.7) (1557 A.D.) saw him in Agra, but no signs of nobility or authority were visible in his features, and the late Khan-i Khanan Bairam used to say, that Hasan Khan Mewati was a man who commanded a large following, and was of kingly appearance, and had a poetical temperament. His poems are well known, but this mannikin resembled an uncouth rustic, his appearance was extremely repulsive. God forbid that this wretch should be that Hasan Khan. After some time certain of the Khanzadas of Mewat moved by indignation and jealousy put him to death. A short time after this victory, that gallant king was attacked by a severe illness, and after that he had reached the age of fifty years, he departed from this transitory world to the eternal realms in the year 937 H. (1530 A.D.). --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.general.muntakhab-al-tawarikh~en-ranking-lowe-haig.57) · Pramāṇa