[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Dark Ages](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages) › [Mughals (1526–1857)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal) › [Aurangzēb (1658–1707)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.aurangzeb) › [Mirʾāt-i ʿĀlam](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.aurangzeb.mirat-i-alam) › [Mir-at-i 'Alam, \ of Bakhtawar Khan (Elliot & Dowson, extracts)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.aurangzeb.mirat-i-alam~en-elliot) › 3 # The Mirror of the World (Mirʾāt-i Jahānnumā) 3: The Distances of certain places in Hindustan—The Provinces and their Revenues. Mir-át-i 'Álam, \ of Bakhtáwar Khán (Elliot & Dowson, extracts) 3 - **Language:** English ### [3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.aurangzeb.mirat-i-alam~en-elliot.3) The length of the daily-increasing empire, from the port of Lahori, province of Thatta, to the thána of Bindasal in Bengal, is 994 royal kos, 1740 common kos known in most parts of Hindustan. Each royal kos measures 5000 yards, and each yard is the breadth of 42 fingers. Two royal kos are equal to three and a half common kos. From the capital of Dehli to Lahori the distance is 437 royal kos, and 764 common kos ; from the same city to thana Bindasal 557 royal kos, and 975 common kos. In the same manner, from Lahori to Thatta 25 royal kos ; from Thatta to Bhakkar 31 kos ; from Bhakkar to Multan a little more than 99 kos ; from Multan to Lahore 75 kos ; from Lahore to Shah-Jahanabad 170 kos ; from Shah-Jahanabad to Agra 44 kos ; from Agra to Allahabad 107 kos ; from Allahabad to Patna 96 kos and a fraction ; from Patna to Mungir 37 kos ; from Mungir to Akbarnagar or Raj Mahal 48 kos ; from Akbarnagar to Jahangirnagar, or Dacca, 108 kos ; from Dacca to Silhet 87 kos ; from Silhet to Bindasal 30 kos : and calculating every stage at twelve kos, the usual travelling distance in Hindustan, the whole length is 145 stages, or a journey of four months and twenty-seven days. The breadth of the whole empire is from the frontier of Tibet and the delightful province of Kashmir to the fort of Sholapur, which in the prosperous reign of this monarch has been taken from 'Adil Khan, a distance of 672 royal kos, or 1176 common kos ; from Shah-Jahanabad, the seat of Empire, to the boundary of Tibet, is 330 royal kos, or 577 common kos ; from the seat of the Empire to Sholapur, 342 royal kos, or 598 common kos ; as was found by measurement which may be thus detailed. From the boundary of Tibet to Little Tibet, 60 royal kos; from Little Tibet to Kashmir, 64 kos ; from Kashmir to Lahore 101 kos ; from Lahore to Shah-Jahanabad 105 kos ; from Shah-Jahanabad to Agra 44 kos ; and from Agra to Burhanpur 178 kos. At the rate of twelve kos a stage, the whole breadth is 98 stages, occupying a period of three months and ten days. Under the management and care of this virtuous monarch, the country of Hindustan teems with population and culture. It is divided into nineteen provinces, and 4440 parganas, the revenue of which amounts altogether to nine arbs, twenty-four krors seventeen lacs, 16,082 dams, or 9,24,17,16,082 dams, out of which the khalisa, or the sum paid to the royal treasury, is 1,72,79,81,251 dams, and the assignments of the jagirdars, or the remainder, was 7,51,77,34,731 dams. - [Previous: 2.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.aurangzeb.mirat-i-alam~en-elliot.2.11) - [Next: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.aurangzeb.mirat-i-alam~en-elliot.4) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.aurangzeb.mirat-i-alam~en-elliot.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.aurangzeb.mirat-i-alam~en-elliot.3) · Pramāṇa