[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Dark Ages](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages) › [Mughals (1526–1857)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal) › [Later Mughals (1707–1857)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later) › [Tadhkirah i Ānand-Rām “Mukhliṣ”](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis) › [Tazkira, of Anand Ram Mukhlis (Elliot & Dowson, extracts)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot) › 6 # Tadhkirah i Anand-Ram “Mukhlish” 6: Muhammad Shah's third visit to the Sovereign of Persia, and departure of the latter. Tazkira, of Anand Ram Mukhlis (Elliot & Dowson, extracts) 6 - **Language:** English ### Muhammad Shah's third visit to the Sovereign of Persia, and departure of the latter. ### [6.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot.6.1) On the 29th of Muharram the glory of the realms of Hind proceeded to partake of an entertainment given by the ruler of Iran. A quarter of the day passed in rejoicings. A hundred and one pieces of cloth, within which were precious objects from foreign countries, and several trays of jewels, offered by the Shah, were accepted by the royal visitor, who then took his departure. All the nobles in the regal suite, to the number of nearly one hundred, received presents suited to their rank. This festival was not without its object, for the Shah had resolved to return to his own dominions. This was as yet secret, but on the 6th of Safar the Mulla-bashi, standing at the door of his august master's residence, with a loud voice made the following proclamation:— "Soldiers, the King of Kings and Lord of beneficence, our master, the protector of the world, conquered the country of Hindustan and restored it. To-morrow our victorious banners move towards 'Irak. Be you prepared!" ### [6.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot.6.2) On the morrow the Shah rode forth from the citadel, and pitched his camp near the Shalamar gardens, five kos from the town, and once more the government of Hindustan devolved on Muhammad Shah. On the 8th of the month 'Abdu-l Baki Khan, and Hayatu-llah Khan, son of the Nawab Nazim A'azzu-d daula, were sent to Lahore with an order directing the latter to collect and forward a contribution of one kror of rupees. The messengers, travelling with rapidity, reached Lahore on the 21st of the same month. They were met by the Nawab Nazim in the Shalamar gardens. Hence they continued their way in company to the city. The illustrious messenger here met with the kindest and most courteous reception, and the friendship already existing between the noble entertainer and his guest was much increased. Through the exertions of Kifayat Khan the demand for a kror of rupees was modified, and a sum of twenty lacs taken in addition to the former contribution. ### [6.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot.6.3) Tidings having been brought of the Shah's arrival at Ohakgard, a place thirty kos from Lahore, on the banks of the Ravi, across which a bridge of boats had been formed, the Nawab Sahib Nazim and 'Abdu-l Baki Khan set out to meet His Persian Majesty on the 27th of Safar. On the 3rd of Rabi'u-l awwal, the monarch crossed the river at the above-named spot, and formed his camp on the right bank. The Nawab Nazim and his companion entered the camp that same day, and were admitted to the presence. The Nazim met with great courtesy, and was honoured with several presents; besides these the Shah conferred on him the farman of the Nizamat of Multan (Saifu-d daula Bahadur, the late Nazim, was dead), to which His Majesty had caused to be affixed the seal of Muhammad Shah. Dresses of honour and Arabian horses were given to Khwaja 'Abdu-llah Khan, second son of the late Saifu-d daula, to Khwaja Hayatu-llah Khan, and to the other chiefs in the Nazim's suite. \* \* ### [6.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot.6.4) On the 9th of Rabi'u-l awwal the Shah's camp was at Kaluwal, a village on the banks of the Chinab, the largest river of the Panjab. A heavy fall of rain, such as is usual in the rainy season, had occurred the previous night, and the bridge had been broken, some of the boats being swamped, and others knocked to pieces. The river's width had so increased that it was impossible to reconstruct a bridge at this point, but a narrower part was found near the village of Akhnur, where a bridge was formed by means of iron cables. On the 11th the Nazim received fresh proofs of the Shah's generosity. The Persian camp broke up from Kaluwal on the 14th, and commenced crossing the river at Akhnur. A portion of the army had effected its passage, when the force of the swollen and pent-up stream carried away the bridge with a deafening roar, and hurled two thousand Kazalbashis into a watery grave. But as the Shah was anxious to cross the river, he proceeded himself, mounted on Mahd-sundar, the powerful elephant that had been bestowed on the Nawab Nazim, in search of a ford, or some spot suited to the formation of a bridge. However, it is vain to struggle against destiny, and His Majesty failed in the object of his search ; and it was consequently decided that the army should be ferried over in boats at Kaluwal. The camp was therefore moved on the 25th, and the passage was commenced. ### [6.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot.6.5) By the 2nd Rabi'u-s sani, three quarters of the army and baggage had been landed on the opposite bank, and on the following day the Nazim was permitted to depart, his own sword being returned to him, and his elephant to Hayatu-llah. The Nazim and his son reached Sialkot the same day. The Persian Emperor, who entertained a great affection for the Nawab Nazim, directed an epistle to be prepared and forwarded to the ruler of Hind, desiring His Majesty to increase the allowances and the body of horse of this chieftain from seven to eight thousand. The districts of Gujarat, Sialkot, Pursarur, and Aurangabad, from which was derived the expenditure of Kabul and Peshawar ; also Dangali and other places, producing about four krors of dams, and constituting the Jagir of Nasir Khan, Nazim of Kabul ; some districts forming the zamindaris of Khuda-yar Khan 'Abbasi, and of Ghazi Khan Dudahi, zamindar of Multan, all of which are east of the Attock river, and had been for three years made over to Nadir Shah, these were now placed under the charge of the Nazim, subject to a yearly payment of twenty lacs of rupees. The Nazim was at first loath to enter into this arrangement, but several considerations induced him. The chief of these was that if this matter were not thus settled, the Shah would leave an army in the country, which would be the cause of numerous evils. ### [6.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot.6.6) On the 7th of the month the Shah himself crossed the river, and encamped on the right bank, the move being made known to all by discharges of cannon. The Shah felt the greatest anxiety to reach Khurasan, where his presence was urgently required to put a stop to disturbances that had broken out in Bukhara and Khwarizm, for the rulers of these countries, blinded with pride and ignorance, had withdrawn their necks from the yoke of subjection. Proceeding without a halt, the Shah crossed the river Attock on the 21st of Jumada-s sani, and on the 25th of Sha'ban cast his shadow over the country of Kabul. Hence he marched by way of Darah Isma'il Hut to correct Khuda-yar Khan 'Abbasi, zamindar of Khudabad. Having made Hut and Ghazi Khan Dudahi obedient, he remained some time in the government of Bhakkar. Before leaving Kabul, the Nawab Sahib A'azzu-d daula and Hayatu-llah Khan Bahadur, who governed the province of Multan as his father's deputy, had been directed to join the Shah whenever his army should enter the territories of Khuda-yar Khan, and to assist in settling the affairs of that district. Hayatu-llah Khan lost no time in joining the Shah and the Nazim, starting on the 26th of Shawwal from the fortress of Jamun, which had fallen to his arms only a few days before, passed one night at Lahore. On the 23rd of Zi-l hijja he left Multan to proceed towards the Persian camp by water. --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.mughal.later.tadhkirah-i-anand-ram-mukhlis~en-elliot.6) · Pramāṇa