[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Dark Ages](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages) › [Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate) › [Ṭabaqāt-i Nāṣirī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri) › [Tabakat-i-Nasiri](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty) › 190.2 # The Nāṣirī Generations 190.2 Tabakat-i-Nasiri 190.2 - **Language:** English ### [190.2.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2.1) The Tarikh-i-Firuz-Shahi of Ziya-ud-Din, Barani, differs from this account, and says — according to the Calcutta printed text — that Tughril fled to Haji-nagar and, in some places, Jaji-nagar, but there is no ^ in Jaj-nagar, and, if Ziya-ud-Din’s text was correct, it is a different place altogether. ‘‘The Sultan, following in pursuit by successive marches, in a certain number of days, arrived on the frontier of Sunar-ganw \[or kingdom of Bang\], the Rae of which — Dinwaj by name \[sic\] — paid homage to the Sultan, and stipulated that, in case Tughril evinced a desire to fly towards the sea \[also means river\], he should prevent his doing so. Proceeding by successive marches, the Sultan had reached within 60 or 70 kos of Jaj-nagar, when information of Tughril’s whereabouts was obtained,’\* &c. From this statement it would seem that the place in question, whether Haji-nagar or Jaji-nagar, was beyond Sunar-ganw ; but it is not said whether any great river was crossed, neither is it stated that the Sultan marched eastwards, and he might, in case Jaj-nagar is correct, as stated in the extract above, he have turned to the south-west on reaching the frontier of Sunar-ganw. I am inclined, however, to think that Sangarah, mentioned in the fourth para, below, is correct, and not Sunar-ganw. Where the Sunar-ganw frontier commenced we know not; ### [190.2.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2.2) but it must have been a territory of some extent, as it was ruled, subsequently, by a “Sultan.” A district of this name is also mentioned by Ziya-ud-Din as lying near Talinganah. Be this as it may, however, the following extract, taken from the Tarikh-i-Firuz-Shahi of Shams-i-Saraj, Alfi, Tabakat-i-Akbari, and others, will, I think, tend to settle the question respecting the situation of the Jaj-nagar territory: — 754 \[Alfi, 755 Sultan Firuz Shah set out for Bangalah to reduce its ruler, Ilyas, Haji \[Sultan Shams-ud-Din\], to subjection. On Sultan Firuz Shah’s reaching the vicinity of Panduah, Ilyas evacuated it, and threw himself into Akdalah \[also written Akdalah\], “a mouza’” near Panduah, on one side of which is the water \[a river ?\], and on the other an impenetrable and considered one of the strongest fortifications of Bangalah \[Westmacott, in the Calcutta Review for July, 1874, places Ekdala \[Akdalah\] some forty-two miles on the Maldah side of the river Tangan, and north of Gaur or Lakhnawati — “the later city of Gour,” as he styles it\], and so situated that, in the rainy season, the whole country would become flooded, and not a piece of elevated ground would be left for the Sultan even to pitch his tent on. Another writer calls it an island or insular fortress. He came and encamped, according to one of these works, on the bank on the other side of the water facing it ; but the others state that he encamped his forces near the place on the same side. ### [190.2.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2.3) As he had to change the position of his encampment after a short time, this movement led Ilyas to imagine that the Sultan was about to retire ; and he sallied forth with his troops and attacked the forces of Firuz but sustained a complete overthrow, and had to retire into his stronghold again. The rains having commenced, Firuz Shah had to abandon the investment, came to terms with Ilyas, and retired towards his own dominions by the Manik-pur ferry. Dihli, towards Lakhanawati, and acquired possession of Bihar, and installed his own Amirs therein. In the year 622 H. he \[I-yal-timish\] resolved upon marching into Lakhanawati; and Sultan Ghiyas-ud-Din, ’Iwaz, moved his Firuz Shah. Having passed the river Maha-nadri, Mahan-dari, or Mahan-adri — sic in MSS. — Buda’uni — Firishtah — the river which falls into the Son doubtless is meant\], he reached the city or town of Banarsi — Shams-i-Saraj and Alfi have Banaras — and Buda’uni Baranj — which is the capital and abode of the Rae of Jaj-nagar \[Shams-i-Saraj has Rae of Jaj-nagar-Udisah\]. The Rae fled towards Taling \[Talinganah\], and, the Sultan not pursuing him \[Firishtah says pursuing\], proceeded to hunt elephants in the vicinity \[Shams-i-Saraj says the Sultan remained some time at Banaras, and the Rae took shelter in one of the islands of or on the river\]. \[See the Asiatic Journal, vol. ### [190.2.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2.4) xiv., July to December 1822, page 438, in which is a good account of this tract of country, entitled “Notes on Birar”\], during which time the Rae despatched emissaries and sought for peace, sending at the same time three elephants, besides rarities and precious things \[Shams-i-Saraj says after his return from Padmawati\]. Hunting as he went along, the Sultan reached the territory of Rae Bhanu Diw \[Shams-i-Saraj, Bir-bhan Diw — Alfi, Pir-mahi Diw — perhaps Bir-Mahi\], who sent him some elephants. He then returned from thence with the object of hunting, came to Padmawati — South Bihar probably — which is a part abounding with elephants, captured thirty-three, and killed two which could not be secured. The Tabakat-i-Akbari, Firishtah, and Buda’uni, quote a verse composed on the occasion by Malik Ziya-ud-Din, thus showing to what extent the two latter — particularly Firishtah — copied from the former; but Firishtah appears somewhat confused in the latter part of his account, or has made considerable verbal alterations for some purpose; whilst Buda’uni \[MS.\] says the Sultan left Barani \[Banarsi?\], and proceeded from thence to Badwati \[Padmawati\] and Bram-Tala to hunt elephants. From Padmawati Sultan Firuz Shah returned to Karah in Rajab, 762 H. ### [190.2.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2.5) Jaj-nagar is mentioned on several other occasions in the history of the Dakhan, and its whereabouts distinctly indicated. Sultan Firuz, Bahmani, entered it in 815 H., and carried off a number of elephants. In the account of Nizam Shah, of the same dynasty, Jaj-nagar and Udisah are mentioned as totally separate territories. In the reign of Muhammad Shah, son of Humayun, a famine having arisen in his dominions, people migrated in order to obtain food into Malwah, Jaj-nagar, and Gujarat; and, shortly after, the Rae of Udisah, aided by the Rae of Jaj-nagar, invaded Talinganah by way of the Raj-mandri district. Now, if any one will look at the map, and take what has been mentioned into consideration, where else can Jaj-nagar possibly lie than in the tract I have indicated? Certainly not on the east side of the Bay of Bengal. It may not be amiss here to say a few words respecting the ancient boundaries of Bangalah as described by different authors, although little remains to be said after Dr. Blochmann’s elaborate paper on the subject before referred to. The Jami’-ut-Tawarikh of Fakir Muhammad says that the territory which in after times was styled Bangalah, according to such writers as have written about it, consisted of Bihar, Gaudha or Gaur or Lakhanawati, Bang, and Jaj-nagar. During the campaign in Bangalah, in Aurangzeb’s time, against his brother Shah Shuja’, the Afghan Zamindar of Birbhum and Jajnagar is said to have joined him. ### [190.2.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2.6) According to the A’in-i-Akbari, the Subah of Bangalah from Gadhi to the port of Chatganw \[Chittagong\] is 400 kuroh in breadth; and, from the mountains bounding it on the north to the uncultivated tract vessels \[war-boats ?\] up the river. A treaty of peace was concluded between them, and the Sultan \[I-yal-timish\] extorted thirty-eight elephants and eighty laks of treasure, and the Khutbah was read for him, and the coin stamped in his name. When the Sultan \[I-yal-timish\] withdrew, he conferred Bihar upon Malik ’Izz-ud-Din, Jani; and Sultan Ghiyas-ud-Din, ’Iwaz, marched into Bihar from Lakhanawati, and \[again\] took possession of it, and treated it with severity, until, in the year 624 H., the august Malik, Nasir-ud-Din, Mahmud Shah, son of Sultan Shams-ud-Din \[I-yal-timish\], at the instigation of Malik ’Izz-ud-Din, Jani, assembled the forces of Hindustan, and marched from Awadh and proceeded into Lakhanawati. At this time Sultan Ghiyas-ud-Din, ’Iwaz-i-Husain, the Khalj, had led an army from Lakhanawati towards the territory of Kamrud and Bang, and had left the city of Lakhanawati unprotected. Malik Nasir-ud-Din, Mahmud Shah, took possession of it; and Ghiyas-ud-Din, ’Iwaz-i-Husain, the Khalj, on account of that disaster, returned from that force \[which he had led into Kamrud and Bang\], and fought an engagement with Malik Nasir-ud-Din, Mahmud Shah. Ghiyas-ud-Din, Iwaz-i-Husain, and the whole of the Khalj Amirs, were taken prisoners, and Sultan Ghiyas-ud-Din, Iwaz, was martyred. ### [190.2.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2.7) His reign extended over a period of twelve years. --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.190.2) · Pramāṇa