[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Dark Ages](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages) › [Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate) › [Ṭabaqāt-i Nāṣirī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri) › [Tabakat-i-Nasiri](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty) › 251 # The Nāṣirī Generations 251 Tabakat-i-Nasiri 251 - **Language:** English ### [251.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.1) III. ZUTUMIN—or Zutumfn—Zutu-manin—Zutum-Manin—as it is variously written, who was the father of nine sons, one of whom, Kaidu, succeeded to the chieftain-ship. During the time of Zutumin’s chieftain-ship hostilities broke out between the Jala-ir tribe, of the Dural-gin branch of the Mughals, and the Khita-is. The Jala-irs had become a very numerous tribe at this period, and amounted to about 70,000 families, and had pitched their tents on the banks of the river Kalur-An—. The Mughals and Khita-is were always at enmity, and hostilities continued perpetually to go on between them. At the period in question, the latter suddenly the transmission of the Mughal sovereignty from one to resolved to make a raid upon the Jala-irs, but on reaching the river found it too deep to ford. They constructed a temporary bridge, crossed over in the night, fell suddenly upon the Jala-irs, and almost annihilated them. Those that escaped, and other portions of the tribe not then present, fled for shelter into the parts where the other Mughal tribes dwelt. ### [251.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.2) This is the affair about which the Fanakati makes such a great blunder previously noticed in the account of Aghuz Khan. He there stated, that, “when Ughuz became firmly established in his sovereignty, and had secured his conquests, he sent a party from among his sons and kinsmen, and a considerable army, into the east, into the land called, in the writer’s time, Mughulistan. Four thousand years after, one among the Badshahs of the Khita-is moved against them, crossed the river Kara-Muran in the night, fell upon them, and slew the whole of them \[the males\] and made their wives and children captives, and only two persons escaped — Kayan and Naguz — with their wives, who fled to Iraganah-Kun, where they and their posterity dwelt 400 years.” It will easily be perceived what a muddle we have here : he has confounded the two events, and makes a sudden leap from Aghuz Khan to the period of the massacre of the Jala-irs. After the death of Dutumin, his Khatun, Matulun — or, as some write it, Manulun — an error probably of n for t — who was a talented woman, with eight of her sons, and her numerous herds and flocks, took up her residence in the retired tract of country—some say hill tract — named, but somewhat doubtfully, Alush or Ulush Arki or Argi — but the first name is also written Alus or Ulus — and Koliish — \[Ulus-i-Aurgah or Urgah — the Ourga or Kuren of modern maps ? in about Lon. 108° Lat. 48°\] whilst her ninth son, Kaidu, was absent. ### [251.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.3) He had gone to his uncle, Ma-Chin — some say, to his uncle’s son — to demand in marriage a daughter of a kinsman of the sept of Dural-gin, who had become exceedingly numerous, and who were also kinsmen of Ma-Chin. During Kaidu’s absence some of the Jala-irs, overcome by the Khita-is, came and took up their quarters among the Ulus or tribe of Matulun and her sons, and, in a dispute arising between them, the Jala-irs slew her and her eight sons. Kaidu sought his uncle’s assistance to avenge them, and a message was sent to the heads of the Jala-irs demanding satisfaction for this outrage. This had such an effect upon the chief men of the tribe, who were absent with their people fighting against the Khita-is, that they slew seventy Jala-irs concerned in the slaughter of Matulun and her sons, and sent their wives and families, with many apologies, to Kaidu to do with them as he might think fit. Kaidu kept them as slaves; and, from one generation to another, for a long period, they continued the slaves of his family. ### [251.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.4) IV. Kaidu Khan — the sixth ancestor of the Chingiz Khan, through the endeavours of Ma-Chin succeeded to the chieftainship. He had three sons, 1. Bae-Sunkar — Bae-Sunghar — who was the eldest, and successor of Kaidu, 2. Jirkah-Langum — also written Jirkah-Likum — and even Karkah-Langum — but this last is probably a mistake of k for j, and 3, Jar-chin — which some write Jar-jin — and Char-chin — called Jaochin — by Abu-l-Ghazi. These two last brothers were the progenitors of other tribes. Some few authors relate that the son of Kaidu’s second son, named Hamanka or Hainangha — was carried off by the another, might become known, and also that \[such account\] Tattars, and given up to the Altan Khan, who put him to death, but this appears to be incorrect, and to be the same circumstance which happened to Cabal’s son, mentioned farther on, as it is unlikely Ḳabal himself would have ventured to the Altan Khan’s court after one of his race had been thus put to death. Kaidu cut a canal, in his territory, from a river, and named it Jara-lum — \[D’Ohsson’s Karokol?\] and thereby rendered that part exceedingly prosperous and flourishing. He also went to war with the Jala-irs and overcame them. At his death he was succeeded by his son, V. BAE-SUNKAR—or Bae-Sunmar—which the Fanakati writes Bae-Sunḳur—who made some conquests, and, dying, was succeeded by his son, ### [251.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.5) VI. TUMINAH-I—also written Tumnah or Tuminah—TŪMĪNAH—and Tuminah—He was a powerful chieftain, and added other territories of Turkistan to his own, brought the whole of the Nurun or Nairun tribes under his authority \[this seems to indicate that part of them had been independent some time previously\], and in all Turkistan \[sic in MS. but probably Mughalistan\] there was no sovereign equal in power to him. He had two Khatuns, by one of whom he had seven, and, by the other, two sons, who were twins. These twins were named Ka-juli—also written Ka-chuli—and Kabal—also called Kabali. In consequence of a strange dream which Tuminah-i had, when its interpretation was told him, he made these two sons enter into a solemn compact, whereby it was agreed between them, in their father’s presence, that the sovereignty should pertain to Ḳabal and his descendants, and the Deputyship or Lieutenancy, and leadership of the troops to Ka-juli and his progeny. A compact to this effect was drawn up in the I-ghuri language—which is said to be the same as was in use in Tibbat, and written in what are called Tangut characters, signed by them both, and deposited in the treasury. Abu-l-Ghazi does not mention this circumstance at all. Aghuz Khan is said to have made a similar arrangement with respect to his six sons—styled the Bardz-uḳ and Udz-uḳ, but, when all perished but two persons, the compact terminated. ### [251.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.6) If I mistake not, we shall find that the people named Budziak, who dwell on the banks of the Borysthenes, W. of the Black Sea, are offshoots of the Bardz-uḳ division. VII. In accordance with the above compact, on the death of his father, Kabal—or Kabali—Khan succeeded to the chieftain-ship, and his brother Ka-juli, to the leadership of the troops. The Mughals style Ḳabal Sian Alan-jik—or Alan-jīk—which signifies “the cherisher of his people.” He is the great grandfather of the Chingiz Khan, and of Ka-juli, who is the eighth ancestor of Amir Timur. All the tribes of the Mughals were in unanimity and accord with him, and stood in awe of his power and ascendancy, and the Altan Khan of Khita sent an emissary to him and summoned him to his Court. Those, however, who desire to glorify the Mughals, say, he “invited him to his Court, in a friendly manner,” but there is little doubt, even by their own accounts, that the Mughals were dependent upon, and paid tribute to the Altun or Altan Khans, as our author, Minhaj-ud-Din, likewise asserts. Kabal, leaving his brother his Deputy or Lieutenant, set out for might remain a memorial of the writer of this Tabakat— ### [251.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.7) Siita, and, having arrived there, was treated with honour and consideration; but, while in a state of intoxication, at an entertainment, Kabal committed an offence which greatly displeased the Altan Khan, so he presented him with a head-dress and belt, and sent him away. The glorifiers of the Mughals say "a crown," but crowns are not generally presented at such times; and Abu-l-Fazl, not to offend his master's vanity, and Abu-l-Ghazi, who was himself a Mughal, and descended from Kabal, leave out this little incident altogether. ### [251.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.8) After Kabal had departed, the Altan Khan was blamed for letting him go so easily, and messengers were sent to recall him. He refused to return, upon which the Altan Khan sent a party after him to compel him to do so. They came up with him whilst he was stopping in the camp of a friend named Sanjuti. Kabal was for going back with them, but his friend lent him a very swift horse he possessed, and advised him to fly. This certainly does not bespeak the powerful sovereign. He at once mounted and made off for his own yurat or camp. The party still pursued, but only found him after he had reached his home and people. He then, with the assistance of San-juli and the tribe, put the whole of the Altan Khan's men to death. At this period also, the eldest son of Kabal, whose name was Ukin or 'Okain-Barkak—also written Ukin-Barkak—while out on an excursion, was fallen in with, suddenly, by a tribe of the Tattar I-mak, their mortal enemies—some say Ukin-Barkak was following the tracks of the Ghuzz Turk-mans at the time—who carried him off to the Altan Khan, who put him to death. Here was a fresh cause of feud between the already inveterate foes, the Mughal and Tattar Turks. Some few writers, as I have just noticed above, say he was called Hamangha or Hamankha, thus showing that it was merely one person who was thus put to death, and that those writers divided one event into two. ### [251.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251.9) Besides Ukin-Barkak, Kabal had five other sons, two of whom were Kubilah Khan and Bartan Bahadur, but the others are not named, and the eldest of them, Kubilah, succeeded on the death of his father. --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.sultanate.tabaqat-i-nasiri~en-raverty.251) · Pramāṇa