[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Dark Ages](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages) › [Travellers (1500–1858)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel) › [Storia do Mogor](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci) › [Storia do Mogor (Irvine)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine) › 210.1 # Storia do Mogor 210.1 Storia do Mogor (Irvine) 210.1 - **Language:** English ### [210.1.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1.1) When a man gets sixty rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually two thousand two hundred and fifty rupees; in the second, one thousand one hundred and twenty-five; and in the third, seven hundred and fifty. Charbisti (Chahar Bisti) — that is to say, ' Four Twenties.' When a man has eighty rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually three thousand rupees ; in the second, one thousand five hundred ; and in the third, one thousand. Hi Hec Sadi (Yak-sadi) — that is, ' One Hundred.' When a man has one hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually three thousand seven hundred and fifty rupees ; in the second, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five ; and in the third, twelve hundred and fifty. Do Sadi (Du-sadi) — that is, ' Two Hundred.' When a man has two hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives seven thousand five hundred rupees a year ; in the second, three thousand seven hundred and fifty ; and in the third, two thousand five hundred. Sih Sadi (Sih-sadi) — that is, ' Three Hundred.' When a man has three hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually eleven thousand two hundred and fifty rupees ; in the second, five thousand six hundred and twenty-five ; and in the third, three thousand seven hundred and fifty. ### [210.1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1.2) Char Sadi (Chahar-sadi) — that is, ' Four Hundred.' When a man has four hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually fifteen thousand rupees ; in the second, seven thousand five hundred ; and in the third, five thousand. Pange Sadi (Panj-sadi) — that is, ' Five Hundred.' When a man has five hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives eight thousand seven hundred and fifty rupees ; and in the third, six thousand two hundred and fifty. Chech Sadi (Shash-sadi) — that is, ' Six Hundred.' When a man has six hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually twenty-two thousand five hundred rupees ; in the second, eleven thousand two hundred and fifty ; and in the third, seven thousand five hundred. Aff Sadi (Haft-sadi) — that is, ' Seven Hundred.' When a man has seven hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually twenty-six thousand two hundred and fifty rupees ; in the second, thirteen thousand one hundred and twenty-five ; and in the third, eight thousand seven hundred and fifty. Ast Sadi (Hasht-sadi) — that is, ' Eight Hundred.' When a man has eight hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually thirty thousand rupees ; in the second, fifteen thousand ; and in the third, ten thousand. Nou Sadi (Nuh-sadi) — that is, ' Nine Hundred.' ### [210.1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1.3) When a man has nine hundred rupees a month in the first class, he receives annually three thousand seven hundred and fifty rupees ; in the second, sixteen thousand eight hundred and seventy-five ; and in the third, eleven thousand two hundred and fifty. All the rates of pay given above, from twenty up to nine hundred rupees a month, are those the king gives to the mancebdars (mansabdar) — that is, ' nobles of the royal court.' To get the hazari or the pay of one thousand, it is necessary to wait a long time and work hard. For the kings only grant it sparingly, and only to those who by their services or their skill in affairs have arrived at the stage of deserving it. In having this rate of pay accorded to you, they give you also the title of omera (umara) — that is, ' noble.' Hi Hec Azary, Omarao (Yak Hazari, Umara) — that is, 'One Thousand ' and the title of Umara. ### [210.1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1.4) When you hold a hazari (one thousand) per month in the first class, you receive annually fifty thousand rupees ; in the second, twenty-five thousand ; and in the third, sixteen thousand six hundred and sixty-six and two-thirds. Men who have once risen to this rate of pay and the title of hazari are obliged to maintain at the court one elephant and six horses for the king's service. Those who are absent are required to leave orders with their representative to see after this duty, otherwise a deduction is made from your pay to meet the upkeep of an equal number of these animals. Men who hold the two hazari must maintain two elephants and twenty horses, and thus with each rise in pay a man is obliged to increase the number of these animals and their keep, in proportion to the number of hazaris that he holds. Do Azary Omarao (Du-hazari, Umara) — that is, 'Two Thousand' and the title of Umara. When a man has two hazari (thousand) a month in the first class, he receives annually a hundred thousand rupees; in the second, fifty thousand; and in the third, thirty-three thousand three hundred and thirty-three. Sih Azary, Omarao, Saeb Nobat (Sih-hazari, Umara, Sahib-i-Naubat) — that is, 'Lord of Musical Instruments.' ### [210.1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1.5) When a man has three thousand in the first class, he receives annually one hundred and fifty thousand rupees; in the second, seventy-five thousand; and in the third, fifty thousand. When you have reached this rate of pay and this height of honour, the king allows you to have a retinue of drums, flutes, and trumpets, which is almost the retinue of a prince. Char Azary, Omarao, Saeb Nobat (Chahar-hazari, Umara, Sahib-i-Naubat) — that is, 'Lord of Musical Instruments.' When a man has four hazaris a month in the first class, he receives annually two hundred thousand rupees; in the second, one hundred; and in the third, sixty-six thousand six hundred and sixty-six. Panje Azary, Omarao, Saeb Nobat (Panj-hazari, Umara, Sahib-i-Naubat)— that is, 'Lord of Musical Instruments.' ### [210.1.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1.6) When a man has five hazaris in the first class, he receives two million fifty thousand rupees a year; in the second, one million twenty-five thousand rupees ; in the third, six hundred and eighty-three thousand six hundred and thirty-three \[26\]. Ordinarily persons who attain this rate of pay and this grade are already advanced in age, men of understanding and experience. When they hold it in the first class, they are viceroys or generals leading armies, and at court occupy all the most important positions ; but of these there are very few. Those holding this rank in the second class fill offices of the same kind as the first class, only of less importance ; these are more numerous. Finally, those of the third class have also charges similar to the others, and are also employed throughout the empire, each one according to his capacity and his birth. Of this last class there are still more than of the second class. Chech Azary, Omarao, and Cavany (Shash-hazari, Umara, and Khawanin) — that is, ' Gentleman of the Royal Household,' ' Lord of the State and Instruments.' These men are required to maintain soldiers of Do-aspa (Du-aspah) and of Ce-aspa (Sih-aspah) — that is, ' Soldiers with two and with three horses.' ### [210.1.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1.7) Those persons who have six hazaris a month receive annually three millions of rupees ; those who have seven, three million five hundred thousand rupees, coupled with leave to keep a larger and more splendid retinue than others. But they are obliged to do the same duties as the rest, as already described. In the empire there are not usually at one time more than five or six persons who have reached this pre-eminent honour. These are the highest lords, and no subject who is not a prince can rise any higher. Their retinue is as large and as superb as a prince's. The only difference is that the allowances of the latter are much greater than those of the former. Nevertheless, over and above their fixed income, the king rewards them at times, and causes various amounts to be paid to them, under pretext that it is for their betel-leaf, their fruit, or their sweetmeats, and so forth. When the king fixes, or gives orders about, the allowances of a mansabdar or an umara, he does not talk of ' rupees,' but of dams, which is a money of account, of which they make forty go to the rupee. When he fixes the rate of pay of these gentlemen, or he makes any gift, he says they are to give to So-and-so so many thousands, so many lakhs, or so many karors of dams. ### [210.1.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1.8) The foremost of those noblemen of whom I have just spoken is the Secretary of State; the next is the Viceroy of the province of Kabul; the third the Viceroy of the Dakhin; the fourth the Viceroy of Bengal; the fifth the Viceroy of Ujjain (= Malwah). Ordinarily these five lords may seat themselves in the presence of princes of the blood when these give them permission. Officers and soldiers on small pay are usually paid from the royal treasury; ten per cent. is deducted from their pay under the regulations made by King Akbar. --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darkages.travel.manucci~en-irvine.210.1) · Pramāṇa