[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Non-dualist Vedānta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita) › [Systematic treatises](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra) › [Establishment of Brahman](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra.brahmasiddhi) › 4.5 # Establishment of Brahman 4.5 Brahmasiddhi 4.5 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [4.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra.brahmasiddhi.4.5) na tāvadbrahmāntaryāmyādipadaṃ pramāṇam, saṃbandhajñānāpekṣayā pūrvasiddhe pratyayahetutvena / nāpi vākyam; na hi tatsākṣādvācakam; padārthadvārā tu tat pratipattiḥ; apadārthe jñānasyābhāvāt / te hi saṃsargādguṇapradhānabhāvenetarapadārthaviśiṣṭamekaṃ padārthaṃ gamayanti / tatra padārtha eva viśiṣṭo vākyārtho bhavati / na cānadhigateṣu pramāṇāntareṇa padārthatvam; sambandhajñānāpekṣaṇāt ityuktam / tatrāpadārthatve na vākyaviṣayatvam; anavabodhakaṃ teṣāṃ vākyam / padārthatve pramāṇāntarādhigateranuvādakam / tatrātyantāparidṛṣṭabrahmādyarthapramāṇābhimateṣu vākyeṣu tadvācīni padāni syuḥ, na vā / yadi na santi na ta itaraiḥ saṃsṛjyeran na bhidyeranniti na teṣāṃ prameyāḥ loṣṭādivat / atha tu santi, tathāpi tairadhigatasaṃbandhairna pratipādyeran apratipannāśca na viśiṣṭavākyārthapratipattihetavaḥ; tatra yathā 'vanātpika ānīyatam'; iti pikapadārthajñāne 'vabodhakatvaṃ tathā teṣāmapi / tasmānna codanāto 'pūrvapadārthāvagamaḥ; sā hi vidhipratiṣedhābhyāṃ kriyāsu puruṣamadhikaroti; traividhyavṛddhaparigrahastu japopayogāt, upaniṣado vedāntāḥ; --- iti tatra viniyogāt / > First, a word such as "Brahman" or "inner controller" is not a means of valid cognition, because, requiring knowledge of the relation \[between word and meaning\], it is a cause of cognition only with respect to what is previously established. > Nor is a sentence \[such a means\], for it does not denote directly; rather, cognition of that \[sentence-meaning\] occurs through word-meanings, because there is no cognition regarding what is not a word-meaning. > For, through syntactic connection in the relation of qualifier and qualified, they convey a single word-meaning qualified by the other word-meanings. > There, the qualified word-meaning itself becomes the sentence-meaning. > And what is not understood through another means of valid cognition cannot be a word-meaning, because, as stated, it requires knowledge of the relation \[between word and meaning\]. > In that case, if it is not a word-meaning, it is not the object of a sentence; the sentence would fail to convey \[it\] to them. > If it is a word-meaning, it would be merely reiterative because it is understood through another means of valid cognition. > There, in sentences assumed to be means of valid cognition for an object such as Brahman that is completely unperceived, would there be words denoting it, or not? > If there are not, they could not be syntactically connected with the others, nor distinguished \[from them\]; thus they are not their objects of valid cognition, like a clod of earth, etc. > If, on the other hand, there are, even so, with their relations \[of word and meaning\] ungrasped, they would not convey \[it\], and what is not understood cannot be a cause of cognising the qualified sentence-meaning; in that respect, just as with "let a pika be brought from the forest," \[a sentence\] is informative only when the meaning of the word pika is known, so it is with them as well. > Therefore, there is no cognition of an unprecedented word-meaning from an injunction; for that empowers a person to actions through injunctions and prohibitions; as for its acceptance by those learned in the three Vedas, that is due to its usefulness for muttering prayers; \[and as for\] the Upaniṣads, the Vedāntas— > because they are applied there. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra.brahmasiddhi.4.4) - [Next: 4.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra.brahmasiddhi.4.6) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra.brahmasiddhi.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra.brahmasiddhi~en-mt.4.5) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra.brahmasiddhi.4.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.sastra.brahmasiddhi.4.5) · Pramāṇa