Bhagavadgita 4

Bālabodhinī 4

Language: Sanskrit

4.1

evamiti | he paraṃtapa ! parān bāhyaśatrūn athavā kāmakrodhādīn tāpayatīti paraṃtapaḥ tatsaṃbuddhau he paraṃtapa he jiteṃdriya ! evaṃ pūrvoktaprakāreṇa rājarṣayaḥ rājānaśca te ṛṣayaśca rājarṣayaḥ nimipramukhāḥ paraṃparāprāptaṃ paraṃparayā ādityamārabhya guruśiṣyaparaṃparayā prāptaḥ paraṃparāprāptaḥ taṃ imaṃ yogaṃ viduḥ jānaṃti | saḥ mahāprayojanaḥ yogaḥ mahatā dīrgheṇa kālena iha loke naṣṭaḥ babhūva vicchinno babhūva |

4.2

śrīḥ | ahaṃ bhagavān vāsudevaḥ imaṃ adhyāyadvayenoktaṃ yogaṃ karmaniṣṭhopāyalabhyaṃ jñānaniṣṭhālakṣaṇayogaṃ vivasvate vivāṃsi kiraṇāḥ vidyaṃte yasya saḥ vivasvān tasmai vivasvate sarvakṣatriyavaṃśabījabhūtāya sūryāya proktavān prakarṣeṇa sarvasaṃśayacchedādirūpeṇa uktavān kathitavān | saḥ mama śiṣyaḥ vivasvān sūryaḥ manave vaivasvatāya svaputrāya prāha uktavān | manuḥ vaivasvatamannuḥ ikṣvākave svaputrāya ādirājāya abravīt kathayāmāsa | vaivasvatamanvaṃtarābhiprāyeṇa ādityamārabhya saṃpradāyo gaṇitaḥ | kathaṃbhūtaṃ yogam | avyayaṃ na vidyate vyayo nāśaḥ yasya saḥ avyayaḥ taṃ avyayam |
sa evāyamiti | sa eva purātana eva ayaṃ yogaḥ mayā atikṛpālunā adya saṃpradāyavicchedakāle te tubhyaṃ proktaḥ

4.3

aparamiti | he kṛṣṇa ! bhavataḥ tava janma vasudevagṛhe śarīragrahaṇaṃ aparaṃ alpakālīnaṃ asti | vivasvataḥ sūryasya janma paraṃ bahukālīnaṃ asti | tvaṃ ādau prathamaṃ vivasvate sūryāya yogaṃ proktavān iti evaṃ ahaṃ etat tvadvākyaṃ kathaṃ vijānīyām kathaṃ jñātuṃ śaknuyām ? |

4.4

he arjuna ! me mama bahūni asaṃkhyātāni janmāni līlādehagrahaṇāni vyatītāni atikrāṃtāni saṃti | cetyaparaṃ tava janmāni bahūni vyatītāni atikrāṃtāni saṃti | he paraṃtapa ! paraṃ śatruṃ bhedadṛṣṭyā parikalpya haṃtuṃ pravṛttosi | he bhrāṃtabuddhe ! ahaṃ sarvajñaḥ sarvaśaktiḥ īśvaraḥ sarvāṇi madīyāni tvadīyāni ca tāni janmāni veda jānāmi |

4.5

kathitaḥ | kasmāt kāraṇāt iti hetoḥ tvaṃ me mama bhaktaḥ asi cetyaparaṃ sakhā asi ataḥ hetoḥ tubhyaṃ uktaḥ anyasmai noktaḥ | hi yasmāt etat jñānaṃ uttamaṃ rahasyaṃ atigopyaṃ asti kathaṃbhūtaḥ yogaḥ | purātanaḥ guruparaṃparayā āgataḥ |
ajopīti | ahaṃ sarvajñaḥ ajopi san jāyate utpanno bhavatyasau jaḥ na jaḥ ajaḥ ajopi ajanmā sannapi cetyaparaṃ avyayātmā anaśvarasvabhāvaḥ sannapi cetyaparaṃ bhūtānāṃ brahmādistaṃbaparyaṃtānāṃ jīvānāṃ īśvaraḥ karmapārataṃtryarahitaḥ sannapi svāṃ śuddhasattvātmikāṃ prakṛtiṃ māyāṃ adhiṣṭhāya svīkṛtya ātmamāyayā ātmanaḥ apracyutajñānabalavīryasya māyā śaktiḥ ātmamāyā tayā saṃbhavāmi avatarāmi |

4.6

yadā yadeti | he bhārata ! he bharatavaṃśodbhava ! yadā yadā yasmin yasmin kāle dharmasya vedavihitasya dharmasya glāniḥ hāniḥ bhavati | hīti niścayena | adharmasya vedaniṣiddhasya adharmasya abhyutthānaṃ ādhikyaṃ bhavati tadā tadā tasmin tasmin kāle ahaṃ ātmānaṃ dehaṃ sṛjāmi darśayāmi |

4.7

tvaṃ ajñaḥ jīvaḥ tirobhūtajñānaśaktiḥ ata eva tāni janmāni na vettha na jānāsi |
paritrāṇāyeti | ahaṃ dharmarakṣakaḥ sādhūnāṃ svadharmavartināṃ paritrāṇāya sarvaprakāreṇa rakṣaṇāya cetyaparaṃ duṣkṛtāṃ duṣṭaṃ karma kurvaṃti te duṣkṛtaḥ teṣāṃ vināśāya vadhāya cetyaparaṃ dharmasaṃsthāpanārthāya dharmasya saṃsthāpanaṃ dharmasaṃsthāpanaṃ dharmasaṃsthāpanasya arthaḥ dharmasaṃsthāpanārthaḥ tasmai dharmasaṃsthāpanārthāya sādhurakṣaṇena duṣṭavadhena dharmaṃ sthirīkartuṃ yuge yuge tasmin

4.8

janmakarmeti | he arjuna ! yaḥ puruṣaḥ me mama janma svecchākṛtaṃ avatārādi cetyaparaṃ karma dharmapālanārūpaṃ ca divyaṃ alaukikaṃ tattvataḥ śuddhasaccidānaṃdarūpajñānena evaṃprakāreṇa vetti jānāti saḥ puruṣaḥ dehaṃ dehābhimānaṃ tyaktvā punaḥ janma naiti na prāpnoti | kiṃ tu māṃ bhagavaṃtaṃ eti prāpnoti |

4.9

duṣṭanigrahaṃ kurvataḥ mama nirdayatvaṃ nāsti | yathā | ‘lālane tāḍane māturnākāruṇyaṃ yathā 'rbhake | tadvadeva maheśasya niyaṃturguṇadoṣayoḥ’ || vītarāgeti | bahavaḥ aneke jñānatapasāṃ jñānameva tapaḥ jñānatapaḥ tena yadvā jñānaṃ ca tapaḥ svadharmānuṣṭhānaṃ jñānatapasī jñānatapasoḥ samāhāraḥ jñānatapaḥ tena pūtāḥ saṃtaḥ kṣīṇasarvapāpāḥ saṃtaḥ madbhāvaṃ mama bhāvaḥ madrūpatvaṃ madbhāvaḥ taṃ madbhāvaṃ mokṣaṃ prāptāḥ jīvanmuktāḥ babhūvuḥ | kathaṃbhūtāḥ bahavaḥ| vītarāgabhayakrodhāḥ rāgaḥ viṣayābhilāṣaḥ ca bhayaṃ ‘viṣayān parityajya jñānamārge kathaṃ jīvitavyaṃ’ iti bhayaṃ krodho dveṣaḥ rāgabhayakrodhāḥ vītāḥ gatāḥ rāgabhayakrodhāḥ yebhyaste | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtāḥ bahavaḥ | manmayāḥ māṃ paramātmānaṃ sākṣātkṛtavaṃtaḥ | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtāḥ bahavaḥ | māṃ īśvaraṃ upāśritāḥ ekāṃtapremabhaktyā śaraṇaṃ gatāḥ |

4.10

tasmin avasare saṃbhavāmi avatāraṃ gṛhṇāmi |

4.11

kāṃkṣaṃta iti| sakāmabhaktāḥ karmaṇāṃ siddhiṃ phalaniṣpattiṃ kāṃkṣaṃtaḥ kāṃkṣaṃti icchaṃti te kāṃkṣaṃtaḥ saṃtaḥ iha loke devatāḥ iṃdrādidevān yajaṃte pūjayaṃti| niṣkāmāstu māṃ bhagavaṃtaṃ vāsudevaṃ yajaṃte pūjayaṃti iti śeṣaḥ| hi yasmāt iṃdrādidevatāyājināṃ karmajā karmabhyaḥ jātā karmajā siddhiḥ karmaphalasiddhiḥ mānuṣe manuṣyāṇāṃ ayaṃ mānuṣaḥ tasmin loke kṣipraṃ śīghraṃ bhavati jñānaphalaṃ mokṣaḥ na bhavati |

4.12

ye yatheti | he pārtha he arjuna ! ye ārttāḥ cetyaparaṃ arthārthinaḥ ca jijñāsavaḥ cetyaparaṃ jñāninaḥ yathā yena prakāreṇa sakāmatayā athavā niṣkāmatayā māṃ īśvaraṃ sarvaphaladātāraṃ prapadyaṃte bhajaṃti tān sarvān ahaṃ tathaiva tadapekṣitaphaladānenaiva bhajāmi anugṛhṇāmi | he pārtha! sarvaśaḥ sarvaprakāraiḥ manuṣyāḥ mama sarvātmanaḥ vāsudevasya vartma bhajanamārgaṃ athavā karmajñānalakṣaṇamārgaṃ anuvarttate anulakṣeṇa varttate|
cāturvarṇyamiti | mayā vāsudevena cāturvarṇyaṃ catvāraḥ varṇāḥ iti cāturvarṇyaṃ guṇakarmavibhāgaśaḥ guṇāśca karmāṇi ca guṇakarmāṇi guṇakarmaṇāṃ vibhāgāḥ guṇakarmavibhāgāḥ guṇakarmavibhāgaiḥ iti guṇakarmavibhāgaśaḥ guṇāḥ sattvapradhānāḥ brāhmaṇāḥ teṣāṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ śamadamādīni karmāṇi sattvarajaḥpradhānāḥ kṣatriyāḥ teṣāṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ śauryayuddhādīni karmāṇi rajastamaḥpradhānāḥ vaiśyāḥ teṣāṃ vaiśyānāṃ kṛṣivaṇijyādīni karmā-

4.13

na māmiti | karmāṇi viśvasṛṣṭyādīni karmāṇi māṃ nirahaṃkāratvena kartṛtvobhimānahīnaṃ bhagavaṃtaṃ na liṃpaṃti dehāraṃbhakatvena na badhnaṃti|me pūrṇamanorathasya bhagavataḥ karmaphale karmaṇaḥ phalaṃ karmaphalaṃ tasmin spṛhā icchā nāsti iti evaṃprakāreṇa yaḥ puruṣaḥ māṃ akarttāraṃ abhoktāraṃ abhijānāti ātmatvena jānāti saḥ puruṣaḥ karmabhiḥ na badhyate na baddho bhavati |

4.14

evamiti | evaṃ uktaprakāreṇa māṃ sarvakarttāramapi akarttāraṃ jñātvā pūrvairapi asmin yuge yayātidhruprabhṛtibhirapi mumukṣubhiḥ moktuṃ saṃsārāt moktuṃ icchaṃti te mumukṣavastaiḥ karma svakarma kṛtam | yathā pūrvaiḥ janakādibhiḥ pūrvataraṃ yugāṃtareḥ ṣvapi karma svakarma kṛtaṃ tathā tasmāt kāraṇāt tvamapi mumukṣuḥ san karma svakarma kuru |

4.15

ṇi tamaḥ pradhānāḥ śūdrāḥ teṣāṃ śūdrāṇāṃ traivarṇikaśuśrūṣādikarmāṇi evaṃguṇānāṃ cetyaparaṃ karmaṇāṃ vibhāgaiḥ sṛṣṭaṃ nirmitaṃ tathāpi evaṃ satyapi he pārtha ! tvaṃ tasya cāturvarṇyasya karttāramapi karotīti karttā taṃ māṃ vāsudevaṃ akarttārameva viddhi jānīhi | kathaṃbhūtaṃ mām | avyayaṃ na vidyate vyayo yasya saḥ avyayaḥ taṃ avyayaṃ āsaktirāhityena śramarahitam |
kiṃ karmeti | kiṃ karma kīdṛśaṃ karmakaraṇaṃ kiṃ akarma kīdṛśaṃ karmākaraṇaṃ iti evaṃ atra asmin arthe

4.16

karmaṇo hīti | hi yasmāt kāraṇāt karmaṇaḥ vihitavyāpārasya tattvaṃ boddhavyaṃ bodhituṃ jñātuṃ yogyaṃ boddhavyaṃ asti| akarmaṇaḥ nirvyāpārasyāpi tattvaṃ boddhavyaṃ asti| cetyaparaṃ vikarmaṇopi niṣiddhācaraṇasyāpi tattvaṃ boddhavyaṃ bodhituṃ jñātuṃ yogyaṃ boddhavyaṃ asti| yataḥ hetoḥ karmaṇaḥ karmākarmavikarmaṇāṃ gatiḥ tattvaṃ gahanā durvijñeyā asti |

4.17

kavayopi vivekinopi mohitāḥ avivekaṃ prāptāḥ | tasmāt kāraṇāt ahaṃ te tubhyaṃ tat karma pravakṣyāmi kathayāmi | tvaṃ yat karmākarmasvarūpaṃ jñātvā anuṣṭhāya aśubhāt saṃsārāt mokṣyase mukto bhaviṣyasi |
karmaṇyakarmeti | yaḥ puruṣaḥ karmaṇi parameśvarārādhanalakṣaṇe karmaṇi akarma karma idaṃ na bhavati tat akarma paśyet avalokayet cetyaparaṃ akarmaṇi vihitākaraṇe yaḥ puruṣaḥ karma paśyet yadvā yaḥ puruṣaḥ karmaṇi vyāpārabhūte viṣaye akarma nirvyāpāraṃ brahma paśyet paśyati | tathā akarmaṇi nirvyāpāre brahmaṇi karma samādhau ahaṃ nirvyāpāreṇa tūṣṇīṃbhūtaḥ pūrṇaḥ kṛtakṛtyohamiti tūṣṇīṃbhūtābhimānena āropitasamādhivyāpāraṃ paśyati svavyāpārarāhitye upādhivyāpāravat brahma paśyati | saḥ puruṣaḥ bhāsamāne api karmākarmaṇī vihāya tadadhiṣṭhānaṃ brahma paśyan san manuṣyeṣu śāstrādhikāriṣu buddhimān vyavasāyātmikābuddhimattvāt śreṣṭhaḥ asti | sa eva puruṣaḥ yuktaḥ yogī svarūpāt apracalitaḥ | sa eva puruṣaḥ kṛtsnakarmakṛt kṛ-

4.18

yasyeti | yasya paramārthadarśinaḥ sarve yāvaṃtaḥ vaidikalīkikāḥ samāraṃbhāḥ samyak ārabhyaṃta iti samāraṃbhāḥ karmāṇi kāmasaṃkalpavarjitāḥ kāmyata iti kāmaḥ phalaṃ kāmasya saṃkalpaḥ kāmasaṃkalpaḥ kāmasaṃkalpena varjitāḥ yadvā kāmaḥ phalatṛṣṇā ca saṃkalpaḥ ahaṃ karomīti kartṛtvābhimānaḥ kāmasaṃkalpau kāmasaṃkalpābhyāṃ varjitāḥ rahitāḥ bhavaṃti | budhāḥ tallakṣaṇajñāḥ taṃ puruṣaṃ paṃḍitaṃ paṃḍā śāstratātparyavatī buddhiḥ saṃjātā yasya saḥ paṃḍitaḥ taṃ tathoktaṃ āhuḥ kathayaṃti | kathaṃbhūtaṃ tam | jñānāgnidagdhakarmāṇam | jñānameva. agniḥ jñānāgniḥ jñānāgninā dagdhāni karmāṇi yasya saḥ jñānāgnidagdhakarmā tam |

4.19

tsnāni sarvāṇi ca tāni karmāṇi ca kṛtsnakarmāṇi kṛtsnakarmāṇi karotīti kṛtsnakarmakṛt yadvā kṛtsnakarmāṇi pravṛttinivṛttiparāṇi kṛṃti chinatti | yadā ārurukṣorapi karma baṃdhakaṃ na bhavati tadā ārūḍhasya karma baṃdhakaṃ kutaḥ syāt ? api tu na syāt |
tyaktveti | saḥ puruṣaḥ karmaphalāsaṃgaṃ karmaṇāṃ phalāni karmaphalāni karmaphaleṣu āsaṃgaḥ āsaktiḥ karmaphalāsaṃgaḥ taṃ tyaktvā vihāya karmaṇi vihitānuṣṭhāne pravṛttopi varttamānopi kiṃcit kimapi na karoti tasya karma akarmatāṃ āpadyate | kathaṃbhūtaḥ saḥ | nityatṛptaḥ nityena nijānaṃdena tṛptaḥ saṃtuṣṭaḥ ata eva nirāśrayaḥ nirgataḥ āśrayo dehabuddhyāśrayaḥ

4.20

nirāśīririti | saḥ sarvajñaḥ puruṣaḥ kevalaṃ karttṛtvābhimānaśūnyaṃ śārīraṃ śarīrasya idaṃ śārīraṃ śarīranirvāhamātropayogi karma kurvan karotīti kurvan san kilbiṣaṃ dharmādharmaphalabhūtaṃ baṃdhaṃ na prāpnoti | kathaṃbhūtaḥ saḥ | nirāśīḥ nirgatāḥ āśiṣaḥ kāmaprārthanāḥ yasya saḥ nirāśīḥ gatatṛṣṇaḥ| punaḥ kathaṃbhūtaḥ saḥ | yatacittātmā cittaṃ aṃtaḥkaraṇaṃ ca ātmā dehaḥ cittātmānau yatau saṃyatau cittātmānau yasya saḥ yatacittātmā ata eva tyaktasarvaparigrahaḥ sarvaḥ saṃpūrṇaścāsau parigrahaśca jāyāsutādiḥ tyaktaḥ sarvaparigraho yena saḥ tathoktaḥ |

4.21

yadṛccheti | kiṃca saḥ paṃḍitaḥ karma vedapratipāditaṃ svābhāvikaṃ karma athavā śarīranirvāhārthaṃ bhikṣāṭanādi karma kṛtvāpi na nibadhyate na baṃdhaṃ prāpnoti | kathaṃbhūtaḥ saḥ | yadṛcchālābhasaṃtuṣṭaḥ yadṛcchālābhena annācchādanādeḥ aprārthitalābhena saṃtuṣṭaḥ saṃtoṣaṃ prāptaḥ. yadṛcchālābhasaṃtuṣṭaḥ | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtaḥ saḥ | dvaṃdvātītaḥ dvaṃdvāni kṣutpipāsāśītoṣṇādīni atītaḥ atikrāṃtaḥ dvaṃdvātītaḥ ata eva vimatsaraḥ vigataḥ mattsaro yasya saḥ vimatsaraḥ nirvairaḥ | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtaḥ saḥ | siddhau lābhe cetyaparaṃ asiddhau alābhe samaḥ harṣaviṣādarāhityaḥ |

4.22

yasya saḥ |

4.23

brahmārpaṇamiti | arpaṇaṃ arpyate aneneti arpaṇaṃ sruvādi brahmaiva āsīt | haviḥ ghṛtādikaṃ brahmaiva āsīt | brahmāgnau brahmaiva agniḥ brahmāgniḥ tasmin brahmaṇā kartrā brahmaiva hutaṃ homitaṃ tena brahmārpaṇakrameṇa brahmaiva gaṃtavyaṃ gaṃtuṃ prāptuṃ yogyaṃ gaṃtavyaṃ asti | kathaṃbhūtena tena | brahmakarmasamādhinā brahmaiva karma brahmakarma brahmakarmaṇi samādhiḥ cittaikāgryaṃ yasya saḥ brahmakarmasamādhiḥ tena |

4.24

gatasaṃgasyeti | tasya sthitaprajñasya samagraṃ sahaphalena aṃgeṇa vidyate vartate iti samagraṃ saṃpūrṇaṃ karma yajñadānādikaṃ pravilīyate tattvadarśanena naśyati yadvā pravilīyate phaladānāya nāvaśiṣyate kiṃ tu jñānasahāyatāṃ prāpnoti | kathaṃbhūtasya tasya | gatasaṃgasya gataḥ saṃgo kartṛtvabhiniveśaḥ athavā phalābhilāṣaḥ yasya saḥ gatasaṃgaḥ tasya | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtasya muktasya | vāsanābhiḥ parityaktasya | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtasya tasya | jñānāvasthitacetasaḥ jñāne nirvikalpabrahmātmaikyabodhe avasthitaṃ ceto aṃtaḥkaraṇaṃ yasya saḥ jñānāvasthitacetāḥ tasya | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtasya tasya | yajñāya viṣṇuprītyarthaṃ ‘yajño vai viṣṇuḥ’—iti śruteḥ | karma vihitācaraṇaṃ ācarataḥ ācaratīti ācaran tasya ācarataḥ|
daivamiti | apare anye yoginaḥ karmayoginaḥ daivameva devāḥ iṃdrāgnivaruṇādayaḥ

4.25

śrotrādīnīti | anye naiṣṭhikāḥ brahmacāriṇaḥ śrotrādīni śrotraṃ ādiryeṣāṃ tāni iṃdriyāṇi jñāneṃdriyāṇi saṃyamāgniṣu saṃyamarūpāḥ iṃdriyaniyamanarūpāśca te agnayaśca saṃyamāgnayaḥ teṣu | juhvati iṃdriyāṇi nirudhya tiṣṭhaṃti | anye gṛhasthāḥ śabdādīn śabdaḥ ādiryeṣāṃ te śabdādayaḥ tān viṣayān śabdasparśarasarūpagaṃdhān iṃdviyāgniṣu iṃdriyarūpāśca te agnayaśca iṃdriyāgnayaḥ teṣu juhvati viṣayabhogasamayepi anāsaktāḥ saṃtaḥ śabdādiviṣayān prakṣipaṃti tyajaṃtītyarthaḥ |

4.26

ijyaṃte yasmin saḥ daivaḥ taṃ yajñaṃ darśapūrṇamāsajyotiṣṭomādirūpaṃ paryupāsate sarvadā kurvaṃti | apare jñānayoginaḥ brahmāgnau brahmarūpaścāsau agniśca brahmāgniḥ tasmin yajñenaiva upāyabhūtena brahmārpaṇamityuktaprakāreṇa yajñaṃ paramātmānaṃ upajuhvati brahmadṛṣṭyā sarvāṇi yajñakarmāṇi pravilāpayaṃti |
sarvāṇīti | apare dhyānaniṣṭhāḥ sarvāṇi saṃpūrṇāni iṃdriyakarmāṇi iṃdriyāṇāṃ karmāṇi iṃdriyakarmāṇi iṃdriyāṇāṃ jñāneṃdriyāṇāṃ śrotratvakcakṣurasanaghrāṇeṃdriyāṇāṃ karmāṇi śabdasparśarūparasagaṃdhākhyāni karmeṃdriyāṇāṃ vākpāṇipādapāyūpasthānāṃ karmāṇi vacanādānagamanavisargānaṃdārakhyāni cetyaparaṃ prāṇakarmāṇi prāṇānāṃ karmāṇi prāṇakarmāṇi prāṇānāṃ paṃcaprāṇānāṃ prāṇasya bahirgamanaṃ apānasya adhonayanaṃ vyānasya ākuṃcanaprasāraṇādi samānasya aśitapītādīnāṃ samyak nayanaṃ udānasya ūrdhvanayanam | paṃcānāṃ upaprāṇānāṃ lakṣaṇam-nāgaḥ vāyuḥ udgāre kathitaḥ | kūrmaḥ unmī-

4.27

dravyeti | apare anyapuruṣāḥ dravyayajñāḥ dravyameva gobhūhiraṇyādeḥ satpātrārpaṇameva yajño yeṣāṃ te dravyayajñāḥ saṃti | kecit tapoyajñāḥ tapa eva kṛcchracāṃdrāyaṇādikameva yajño yeṣāṃ te tapoyajñāḥ saṃti | kecit yogayajñāḥ yoga eva cittavṛttinirodhalakṣaṇaḥ samādhireva yajño yeṣāṃ te yogayajñāḥ saṃti | tathā svādhyāyajñānayajñāḥ svādhyāyena vedapaṭhanaśravaṇamananādinā jñānaṃ arthajñānaṃ svādhyāyajñānaṃ svādhyāyajñānameva yajño yeṣāṃ te tathoktāḥ saṃti | cetyaparaṃ yatayaḥ yataṃti te yatayaḥ prayatnaśīlāḥ saṃśitavratāḥ samyak śitaṃ tīkṣṇaṃ vrataṃ yeṣāṃ te saṃśitavratāḥ dṛḍhavratāḥ saṃti |

4.28

lane smṛtaḥ | kṛkaraḥ kṣutkṛt | devadattaḥ vijṛṃbhaṇe smṛtaḥ | dhanaṃjayaḥ sarvavyāpī san mṛtaṃ dehamapi na tyajati | ātmasaṃyamayogāgnau ātmani viṣaye brahmaṇi saṃyamaḥ dhyānaikāmyaṃ ātmasaṃyamaḥ ātmasaṃyama eva yogaḥ manaiṃdriyāṇāṃ ekāgrīkaraṇaṃ ātmasaṃyamayogaḥ ātmasaṃyamayoga eva agniḥ ātmasaṃyamayogāgniḥ tasmin juhvati kṣipaṃti tyajaṃtītyarthaḥ | kathaṃbhūte ātmasaṃyamayogāgnau | jñānadīpite jñānena dhyeyaviṣayeṇa dīpitaḥ prajvalitaḥ jñānadīpitaḥ tasmin |
apāna iti | apare anyapuruṣāḥ prāṇāyāmaparāyaṇāḥ saṃtaḥ prāṇāyāmeṣu pūrakakuṃbhakarecakeṣu parāyaṇāḥ tatparāḥ prāṇāyāmaparāyaṇāḥ apāne adhovṛttau vāyau prāṇaṃ ūrdhvavṛttiṃ vāyuṃ pūrakākhyaprāṇāyāmena juhvati pūrakakāle prāṇaṃ apānena ekī kurvaṃti | tathā prāṇe prāṇavāyau apānaṃ apāna-

4.29

apara iti | apare anyapuruṣāḥ niyatāhārāḥ saṃtaḥ niyataṃ śāstreṇa niyamitaḥ āhāro yeṣāṃ te prāṇeṣu āhārasaṃkocena svayameva jīryamāṇeṣu iṃdriyeṣu prāṇān tattadiṃdriyaviṣayān juhvati jīryamāṇeṣu iṃdriyeṣu satsu tattadiṃdriyavṛttilayahomaṃ bhāvayaṃti | recakapūrakadvārā varttamānayoḥ prāṇāpānayoḥ 'haṃsaḥ sohaṃ'—iti anulomapratilomābhyāṃ āvartamānena vāyunā ajapāmaṃtreṇa tattvaṃpadārthaikyaṃ bhāvayaṃti | taduktaṃ yogaśāstre–prāṇaḥ hakāreṇa bahiryāti punaḥ sakāreṇa aṃtaḥ praviśati sa eva ' haṃsaḥ '— iti ciṃtayet | āhāraniyamopi yogaśāstre darśitaḥ– ' dvau bhāgau pūrayedannaistoyenaikaṃ prapūrayet | mārutasya pracārārthaṃ caturthamavaśeṣayet' || kuṃbhake sarve prāṇāḥ ekībhavaṃti | yathā sadā abhyāsāt manasaḥ sthiratā bhavet manasaḥ sthiratayā sarveṣāṃ iṃdriyāṇāṃ sthiravṛttiḥ bhavati | uktānāṃ dvādaśayajñānāṃ phalaṃ āha ardhaślokena | ete pūrvoktāḥ sarvepi saṃpūrṇā api yajñavidaḥ yajñān dvādaśa yajñān vidaṃti labhaṃte te yajñavidaḥ yajñakarttāraḥ saṃti | kathaṃbhūtāḥ yajñavidaḥ | yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ yajñaiḥ dvādaśayajñaiḥ kṣapitaṃ nāśitaṃ kalmaṣaṃ vāsanārūpaṃ

4.30

vāyuṃ juhvati recakakāle apānaṃ prāṇena ekīkurvaṃti | tathā prāṇāpānagatīḥ prāṇaśca apānaśca prāṇāpānau prāṇāpānayoḥ gatayaḥ ūrdhvā'dhogatayaḥ prāṇāpānagatayaḥ tāḥ ruddhvā kuṃbhakākhyaṃ prāṇāyāmaṃ kṛtvā recakakāle apānavāyuṃ prāṇavāyau juhvati ekīkurvaṃti| ayaṃ prāṇāyāmaṃyajñaḥ |
yajñaśiṣṭeti | yajñaśiṣṭāmṛtabhujaḥ yajñān kṛtvā paścāt śiṣṭaṃ yajñaśiṣṭaṃ yajñaśiṣṭameva amṛtaṃ amṛtarūpaṃ annaṃ yajñaśiṣṭāmṛtaṃ yajñaśiṣṭāmṛtaṃ bhuṃjaṃti te sanātanaṃ nityaṃ brahma yāṃti jñānadvāreṇa prāpnuvaṃti | ayaṃ alpasukhaḥ lokaḥ manuṣyalokaḥ ayajñasya nāsti yajño yasya saḥ ayajñaḥ tasya yajñānuṣṭhānaśūnya̍sya nāsti | he kurusattama ! anyaḥ paralokaḥ kutaḥ| ataḥ hetoḥ yajñāḥ sarvathā karttavyāḥ |

4.31

evamiti | evaṃprakāreṇa bahuvidhāḥ anekaprakārāḥ yajñāḥ brahmaṇaḥ vedasya mukhe pūrvakāṃḍe vitatāḥ vistāraṃ gatāḥ taistaiḥ maṃtraiḥ prakāśitāḥ| he pārtha ! tvaṃ sarvān saṃpūrṇān tān yajñān karmajān karmabhyaḥ vāṅmanaḥ kāyakarmabhyaḥ'jātāḥ karmajāḥ tān karmajān ātmasvarūpasaṃsparśarahitān viddhi jānīhi | tvaṃ evaṃprakāreṇa jñātvā jñānaniṣṭhaḥ san saṃsārāt vimokṣyase viśeṣeṇa punarutpattiśūnyena mokṣyase vimukto bhaviṣyasi |

4.32

yaiste yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ cittaśuddhidvārā ekāgratayā jñānayogyā bhavaṃti |
śreyāniti | he paraṃtapa ! jñānayajñaḥ jñānameva yajñaḥ saḥ dravyamayāt dravyapracuraḥ dravyamayaḥ yadvā dravyavikāraḥ dravyamayaḥ tasmāt yajñāt karmajāt śreyān śreṣṭhaḥ asti | he pārtha ! sarvaṃ samastaṃ akhilaṃ sakalaṃ karma karturīpsitatamaṃ

4.33

'arjuna uvāca | etādṛśaṃ jñānaṃ kenopāyena prāptavyaṃ asti | śrībhagavānuvāca |' tadviddhīti | tvaṃ tu matkṛpayā upāyaṃ vinaiva tat jñānaṃ mattaḥ trailokyaguroḥ viddhi prāpnuhi tvadanye tu tvadvyatiriktāḥ puruṣāḥ jñānibhyaḥ praṇipātena prakarṣeṇa nipātaḥ daṃḍavat uccanīcakardamakaṃṭakādyavicārye ekaniṣṭhatayā patanaṃ praṇipātaḥ tena praṇipātena sāṣṭāṃganamaskāreṇa cetyaparaṃ paripraśnena 'bho svāmin anādau asminsaṃsāre ahaṃ nimagnaḥ tasya saṃsārasya pāraṃ cetyaparaṃ svarūpāvasthānaṃ mokṣaṃ kathaṃ gamiṣyāmi'-iti praśnena tatastadanaṃtaraṃ prabhānaṃtaraṃ yāvat te jñāninaḥ kṛpayā upadekṣyaṃti tāvatkālaparyaṃtaṃ sevayā tadanukūlatayā nīcavat dāsyena viduḥ jānaṃti | evaṃ pūrvoktaprakāreṇa sevāyāṃ kṛtāyāṃ satyāṃ te jñāninaḥ na upekṣyaṃti | kiṃ tu te jñāninaḥ jñānaṃ sarvārthaprakāśakaṃ jñānaṃ upadekṣyaṃti upa nāma sāmīpyena darśayiṣyaṃti | kathaṃbhūtāḥ jñāninaḥ | tattvadarśinaḥ tattvasya yāthārthyasvarūpasya darśanaṃ sākṣātkāraḥ yeṣāṃ te athavā tattvena tattvaṃpadaśodhanena darśanaṃ anubhavaḥ yeṣāṃ te tattvadarśinaḥ |

4.34

jñāne jānāti sarvaṃ prakāśayati tat jñānaṃ tasmin parisamāpyate samyak samāptiṃ prāpnoti |
yajjñātveti | he pāṃḍava! yat jñānaṃ jñātvā tādātmyaṃ prāpya evaṃ idānīṃ mohaṃ svajanamaraṇanimittaṃ mohaṃ punaḥ baṃdhuvadhādiduḥkhaṃ na yāsyasi na prāpsyasi |

4.35

api cediti | tvaṃ sarvebhyaḥ saṃpūrṇebhyaḥ pāpebhyo'pi pāpakāribhyopi pāpakṛttamaḥ pāpaṃ karotīti pāpakṛt atiśayena pāpakṛt iti pāpakṛttamaḥ bhīṣmādivadhanimittena pāpiṣṭhaḥ asi cet tarhi sarvaṃ saṃpūrṇaṃ vṛjinaṃ pāpasamudraṃ jñānaplavenaiva jñānameva plavaḥ naukā jñānaplavaḥ tena jñānaplavena saṃtariṣyasi anāyāsena tariṣyasi |

4.36

yathaidhāṃsīti | yathā samiddhaḥ samyak uttamaprakāreṇa iddhaḥ pradīptaḥ samiddhaḥ agniḥ edhāṃsi śuṣkakāṣṭhāni bhasmasāt dagdhvā bhasma kurute karoti | he arjuna ! tathā jñānāgniḥ jñānameva agniḥ jñānāgniḥ sarvakarmāṇi sarvāṇi saṃpūrṇāni ca tāni karmāṇi ca sarvakarmāṇi prārabdhavyatiriktāni śubhāśubhaphalāni puṇyapāpātmakāni bhasmasāt dagdhvā bhasma kurute karoti |

4.37

yena jñānena jñaptisvarūpeṇa bhūtāni carācarāṇi brahmāṃḍodaravarttīni aśeṣeṇa sākalyena ātmani svasmin drakṣyasi paśyasi | atho sarvabhūtadarśanānantaraṃ tvaṃ mayi tvadupadeṣṭari bhūtaiḥ saha ātmānaṃ drakṣyasi paśyasi madrūpeṇa anubhavasi |
na hīti | iha brahmāṃḍodare jñānena pavitraṃ sadṛśaṃ tulyaṃ pavitraṃ paveḥ saṃsārāt trāyate saṃrakṣate iti

4.38

śraddhāvāniti | śraddhāvān śraddhā guruśāstrādau viśvāsaḥ vidyate yasya saḥ śraddhāvān jñānaṃ labhate prāpnoti | kathaṃbhūtaḥ śraddhāvān | tatparaḥ tadeva jñānameva paraṃ śreṣṭhapuruṣārthaḥ yasya saḥ tatparaḥ | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtaḥ saṃyateṃdriyaḥ | saṃyatāni viṣayebhyaḥ parāṅmukhāni iṃdriyāṇi yasya saḥ saṃyateṃdriyaḥ saḥ śraddhāvān jñānaṃ jñaptimātraṃ labdhvā tādātmyaṃ prāpya acireṇa jñānavyavadhānena parāṃ caramāṃ śāṃtiṃ avidyānivṛttirūpāṃ muktiṃ adhigacchati prāpnoti | yathā dīpaḥ svotpattimātreṇaiva aṃdhakāranivṛttiṃ karoti sāhāyaṃ nāpekṣate tathā jñānamapi svotpattimātreṇaiva ajñānanivṛttiṃ karoti na tu kālāṃtareṇa |

4.39

pavitraṃ śuddhikaraṃ anyat na vidyate | hiṃ iti niścayena | tvaṃ yogasaṃsiddhaḥ san yogena karmopāsanayoḥ anuṣṭhānena saṃsiddhaḥ jñānādhikārī yogasaṃsiddhaḥ yogyatāṃ prāptaḥsan tat jñānaṃ svayaṃ anāyāsena ātmani aṃtaḥkaraṇe kālena mahatā karmayogena viṃdati labhate jñānarūpo bhavati |
ajñaśceti | ajñaḥ ātmānaṃ jānātīti jñaḥ na jñaḥ ajñaḥ dehātmadarśī cetyaparaṃ aśraddadhānaḥ guruśāstropadiṣṭe arthe prītirahitaḥ cetyaparaṃ saṃśayātmā saṃśayarūpaḥ ātmā aṃtaḥkaraṇaṃ yasya saḥ saṃśayātmā atyaṃtaṃ nikṛṣṭaḥ vinaśyati viśeṣeṇa nāśaṃ prāpnoti tathāpi evaṃ satyapi cakāradvayena ajñāśraddadhānau kālāṃtare kasmiṃścit puṇyakarmodaye kenacit kṛpālunā bodhārhau bodhāya bodhaṃ kartuṃ arhau yogyau bodhārhau

4.40

yogasaṃnyasteti | he dhanaṃjaya! dhanaṃ ātmasākṣātkārarūpaṃ dhanaṃ jayatīti dhanaṃjayaḥ tatsaṃbuddhau he dhanaṃjaya ! karmāṇi lokasaṃgrahārthāni jñāninaṃ na nibadhnaṃti niḥsaṃśayena janmamaraṇarūpabaṃdhaṃ na saṃpādayaṃti | kathaṃbhūtaṃ jñāninam | yogasaṃnyastakarmāṇaṃ yogena karmopāsanāsamuccayarūpeṇa athavā yogena parameśvarārādhanayogena athavā paramārthadarśanalakṣaṇayogena saṃnyastāni bhagavati samarpitāni karmāṇi yena saḥ yogasaṃnyastakarmā tam | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtaṃ jñāninam | jñānasaṃchinnasaṃśayaṃ jñānena akarttātmabodhena yadvā jñānena ātmaniścayalakṣaṇena saṃchinnaḥ truṭitaḥ saṃśayo dehādyabhimānalakṣaṇasaṃśayaḥ yasya saḥ jñānasaṃchinnasaṃśayaḥ tam | ata eva ātmavaṃtaṃ ātmā niścayātmikā buddhiḥ vidyate yasya saḥ ātmavān taṃ ātmavaṃtaṃ apramādinam |

4.41

bhavataḥ | saṃśayātmā kālāṃtarepi bodhayogyaḥ na bhavati | evaṃprakāreṇa naśyati | tau ajñaśraddadhānau prati vihāya tyaktvā mukhena saṃśayātmanaḥ aniṣṭaphalaṃ darśayati | saṃśayātmanaḥ saṃśayarūpaḥ ātmā manaḥ yasya saḥ saṃśayātmā tasya ayaṃ sarvalokapratyakṣaḥ lokaḥ manuṣyalokaḥ nāsti paraḥ paralokaḥ kutaḥ? | kiṃ ca saṃśayātmanaḥ sarvatra viṣayeṣu saṃśayodayena sukhamapi sāmānyasukhamapi nāsti |
tasmāditi | he bhārata ! he kṣatriyavaṃśodbhava ! tasmāt jñānāt sarvaghātakaḥ saṃśayaḥ chidyate tvaṃ ātmanaḥ svasya enaṃ sarvāna-

4.42

rthamūlabhūtaṃ saṃśayaṃ jñānāsinā jñānameva madupadiṣṭaṃ ātmānātmavivekarūpaṃ jñānameva asiḥ khaḍgaḥ jñānāsiḥ tena chittvā dvidhā khaṃḍaṃ kṛtvā samūlaṃ utpāṭaya yogaṃ yuddhākhyaṃ svadharmaṃ ātiṣṭha āśraya | prathamaṃ yuddhāya uttiṣṭha vilaṃbaṃ mā kuru | bharatavaṃśe jātasya tava yuddhodyamaḥ na niṣphala iti bhāvaḥ | kathaṃbhūtaṃ saṃśayam | ajñānasaṃbhūtaṃ ajñānena saṃbhūtaḥ utpannaḥ ajñānasaṃbhūtaḥ tam | punaḥ kathaṃbhūtaṃ saṃśayam | hṛtsthaṃ hṛdi buddhau tiṣṭhatīti hṛtsthaḥ taṃ hṛtstham |
|| iti śrībālabodhinyāṃ śrīmadbhagavadgītāṭīkāyāṃ caturtho'dhyāyaḥ |

Linked texts (1)

Bhagavadgītā — Vyāsa, Sanskrit