Bhagavadgita 5
Commentary of Nīlakaṇṭha 5
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 5.28 — 4 parts
5.1
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | tṛtīye'dhyāye 'loke'smindvividhā niṣṭhā' iti vimiśrādhikārikāṃ niṣṭhādvayaṃ prastutya 'na karmaṇāmanārambhānnaiṣkarmyaṃ puruṣo'śnute' ityādinā karmaniṣṭhāyā jñānaniṣṭhāṅgatvena bhūyasā nirbandhenānuṣṭheyatvamuktam 'karmaṇyevādhikāraste' ityādinā | caturthe tūtapannasamyagdarśanaiḥ kṛtamapi karmākṛtameva bhavati jñānena kartṛtvādibādhāt | atastairvṛthāceṣṭāvatkarma vā kartavyaṃ
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | saṃnyāso vā kartavya ityanāsthayā proktam | athedānīṃ pañcamaṣaṣṭhayorajñāneinā jñānārthinā vairāgyotpatteḥ prākkarmaivānuṣṭheyam | saṃpanne tu vairāgye dṛṣṭavikṣepanivṛttyarthaṃ karmasaṃnyāsaṃ kṛtvā jñānotpattyarthe yogo'nuṣṭheya ityucyate | tatra caturthe 'tyaktasarvaparigrahaḥ' iti saṃnyāso 'yogamātiṣṭha' iti karmayogaścaikaṃ māṃ prati vihitaḥ | nacaitayoḥ sthitigativadyugapa-
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | dekena mayānuṣṭhānaṃ kartuṃ śakyate parasparaviruddhatvāditi manvāno'rjuna uvāca—saṃnyāsamiti | he kṛṣṇa pāpakarṣaṇa, me mahyaṃ jñānārthine saṃnyāsaṃ karmayogaṃ ceti dvayaṃ parasparaviruddhaṃ kathaṃ śaṃsasi kathayasi | punarityanena prāgapi tvayā
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | vedakartrā idaṃ dvayaṃ vihitamastīti gamyate | tathāca śrutismṛtī bhavataḥ ‘etameva prabrājino lokamitchantaḥ pravrajanti’
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | 'saṃsāramevaṃ niḥsāraṃ dṛṣṭvā sāradidṛkṣayā | pravrajantyakṛtodvāhāḥ paraṃ vairāgyamāśritāḥ ||' iti ca | tathā 'tametaṃ vedānuvacanena brāhmaṇā vividiṣanti yajñena dānena tapasā'nāśakena' iti, 'mahāyajñaiśca yajñaiśca brāhmīyaṃ kriyate tanuḥ' iti ca |
asyottaraṃ bhagavānuvāca—saṃnyāsa iti | niḥśreyasakarau jñānotpattihetutayā | tathāpi karma-
5.2
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | brāhmī brahmadarśanayogyā | ata etayoḥ śrutivihitatvena praśastayormadhye ekaṃ śreyaḥ praśasyataraṃ yattanme suniścitaṃ brūhīti praśnaḥ |
nanu pratyakṣaḥ karmayogināṃ vikṣepaḥ saṃnyāsināṃ tu sa nāstīti kathamucyate karmayogo viśiṣyata ityāśaṅkyāha—jñeya iti | yo rāgadveṣarahitaḥ sa karmasu svarūpatastyakteṣvatyakteṣu vā nityaṃ saṃnyāsyeva | etena sādhanabhūtayoḥ sāṃkhyayogayoḥ rāgadveṣarāhityakṛtaṃ
5.3
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | saṃnyāsādviraktakṛtātkarmayoga eva viśiṣyate | cittaśuddhidvārā vairāgyādihetutvāt |
nanvekatra pātāśaṅkā ekatra karmaśramastadanayoḥ pathoḥ kataraḥ śreyānityāśaṅkya dvayorapi phalataḥ sāmyamityāha-sāṃkhyayogāviti | sāṃkhyaṃ
5.4
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | sāmyamuktam | phalabhūtayostu sarvavikalparāhityarūpasāmyamanantaraślokābhyāmucyate | tathāpi cittakṣobhādyātkadācitsaṃnyāsino rāgodaye pātāśaṅkāsti netarasyeti sa eva śreyāniti bhāvaḥ | yadyapyevaṃ tathāpi hi prasiddhaṃ nirdvandvo dvandvaṃ satyānṛtayorātmānātmanormithunaṃ parasparādhyāsastadrahitaḥ sāṃkhyo rāgādyudayahetorajñānasyātyantocchedāt | sukhaṃ karmakaraṇāyāsaṃvinopi bandhātsaṃsārātkevalajñānenaiva mucyate na karmāṇyapekṣate | yadvā nirdvandvo 'dvandvaṃ vai mithunaṃ tasmāddvandvānmithunaṃ prajāyate' iti śruterdvandvaṃ strīpuṃsayormithunaṃ tadrahitaḥ syādityāgī saṃnyāsī anāyāsena mucyate | rāgādijayasyobhayatra tulyatvāt | atraca kuṭumbabharaṇavaiyyagryābhāvātsukhaṃ mucyata ityarthaḥ |
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | 'samityekībhāve' iti yāskaḥ | ekībhāvenātmānanyatvena khyāyate prakāśyate vastusvarūpamanayeti saṃkhyā sthūlasūkṣmakāraṇaprapañcasya nirvikalpe pratyagātmani pravilāpanenoditā cetovṛttistatsādhanabhūto yaḥ sāṃkhyaḥ saṃnyāsaḥ saca dārādibuddhyantānāṃ padārthānāmātmanyaikībhāvena nyasanaṃ tyāgaḥ pravilāpanam, tathā yogo'pyagnihotrasaṃdhyopāsanādinirvikalpasamādhyantamanuṣṭhānam | tatra mukhyasya yogasya lakṣaṇaṃ 'yogaścittavṛttinirodhaḥ' iti | vṛttayaśca 'pramāṇaviparyayavikalpanidrā'smṛtayaḥ' iti pañca | tatra pratyakṣādyumānāgamāḥ pramāṇāni teṣu pratyakṣamindriyaṃ tajjā vṛttiḥ śuklyādiviṣayaṃ yāthārthyena jñānam | viparyayastu tatraiva rajatādiviṣayaṃ bhrāntirūpaṃ jñānam | saṃśayo'pi iyaṃ śuktirvā rajataṃ vetyanirdhāritānyatarakoṭikaṃ jñānam | sa ca viparyaya evāntarbhavati | vikalpastu śabdajñānānupātī vastuśūnyaḥ yathā puruṣasya caitanyaṃ vandhyāputra iti | nahi puruṣacaitanyatatsaṃbandhānāṃ pṛthaktvamasti kiṃtu caitanyameva hi śabdatrayeṇocyate | nāpi vandhyāsutasya svarūpamastyathāpi śabdenābhilapyate | so'yaṃ vikalpaḥ śabdajñānānupātī vastuśūnyaḥ ekasminnanekabuddhirasati ca sadbuddhiriti | nidrā'smṛtī lokaprasiddhe | etāsāṃ nirodhe'pi nirvikalpaḥ pratyagātmaivāvaśiṣyate |
yogairyogibhiḥ | arśaādyacpratyayānto'yaṃ yogaśabdaḥ | sthānaṃ mokṣākhyam | ekamabhinnam | spaṣṭā yojanā śloka-
5.5
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | tāvettau phalabhūtau sāṃkhyayogau | sādhanabhūtau tāveva saṃnyāsakarmayogākhyau | tatrāntyayoḥ sāmyaṃ 'jñeyaḥ sa nityasaṃnyāsī' ityanena sūcitam | ādyayostvaikyamatrocyate | āsthito'nutiṣṭhan | phalaṃ nirvikalpātmanāvasthitirūpam |
nanvevaṃ nirvikalpasthānaprāptaye dvau bhāgāvuktau syātāṃ tacca 'nānyaḥ panthā vidyate'yanāya' iti śrutiviruddhamityāśaṅkayāha-saṃnyāsastviti | saṃnyāso naiṣkarmyam | ayogato yogaṃ vinā avāptuṃ duḥkhaṃ he mahābāho |
5.6
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | dvayasya |
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | ayaarthaḥ-nirvikalpakasamādhirapi tattvamasītyetadvākyārthapratipattyupāyabhūta eva na svataḥ puruṣārtha iti dvitīyamārgasyābhāvāgnodāhṛtaśrutivirodhaḥ | 'śānto dānta uparatastitikṣuḥ samāhito bhūtvātmanyevātmānaṃ paśyati' iti śrutyaiva śamādivatsa mādherapyātmadarśanārthatvasya darśitatvāt | tathāca samāhitapadaṃ vārtikakārairvyākhyātam | 'svātantryaṃ yeṣu kartuḥ syātkaraṇākaraṇaṃprati | tānyeva tu niṣiddhāni karmāṇīha śamādibhiḥ ||' śamādiśrutyā 'asvātantryaṃ tu yeṣu syātkaraṇākaraṇaṃprati | samāhitoktyāthedānīṃ tannirodho vidhīyate ||' asvātantryaṃ gurūpadeśāpekṣatvam | yeṣu mānameyavyavahāranirodheṣu | 'piṇḍīkṛtyendriyagrāmaṃ buddhyāvāropya niścalam | viṣayāṃtastatsmṛtīstyaktvā tiṣṭheccidnurodhataḥ || eṣo'bhyupāyaḥ sarvatra vedānteṣu pratiṣṭhitaḥ | tattvamasyādivākyārthajñānotpattyarthamādarāt ||' iti | evaṃ vyatirekamuktvānyayamāha-yogayukta iti | muniḥ saṃnyāsī nacireṇa śīghrameva brahmādhigacchati vākyaśravaṇamātreṇa natu kevalasaṃnyāsī | yathoktaṃ 'naca
yogeti | yogena nirvikalpasamādhinā yukto yogayuktaḥ | ata eva viśuddhātmā vṛttisārūpyadoṣeṇa hīnaḥ ātmā pratyakcetano yasya | nirvikalpāvasthāyāṃ kevala eva cetano'sti nānyadetyuktaṃ tadā draṣṭuḥ svarūpe'vasthānaṃ vṛttisārūpyamitaratreti tadā vṛttyabhāve itaratra vṛttikāla iti sautrapadadvayārthaḥ | atra hetuḥ | yato'yaṃ vijitātmā vijitacitto jitendriyaśca | evaṃ śuddhastvaṃpadārtha uktastasya tatpadārthāmedamāhasarvabhūtātmeti | sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ brahmādistambaparyantānāṃ viyadādīnā ca cetanācetanānāmātmabhūtaḥ upādānatvena svarūpabhūtaḥ kanakamiva kuṇḍalādīnāṃ svarūpabhūtam | kāraṇānanyatvātkāryasya | sarvabhūtātmabhūta ātmā pratyakcetano yasya sa sarvabhūtātmabhūtātmā | yattu sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāmātmabhūta ātmā yasyeti bhāṣyaṃ sarvabhūtātmetyetāvattaivārthalābhādātmabhūta ityadhikamiti dūṣitam | svayaṃ ca sarvabhūta ātmabhūtaścātmā yasyeti vigraho darśitaḥ, tatra saṃkoce kāraṇābhāvātsarva-
5.7
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | saṃnyasanādeva siddhiṃ samadhigacchati' iti |
na lipyata ityetadupapādayati-naiveti dvābhyām | tattvavit ahaṃ naiva kiṃcitkaromīti manyeta manyate | tatra
5.9
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | padenaiva cijjaḍayorgrahe parasyāpyātmabhūtetyadhikameva | sarvabhūtaścetanācetanaprapañcabhūta ātmā yasyeti tatrāpīṣṭārthalābhāt sarve ca ātmānaśca tadbhūta ātmā yasyeti vigṛhya sarvātmabhūtātmetyetāvattaiva siddhe prathamabhūtapadasya vaiyarthyaṃ ca bhāṣyamate brahmādīnāṃ pratyagbhūta ātmā yasyeti śrutyaiva jīveśābheda ucyate | parasya tvādānatvaliṅgena jaḍasādhāraṇyāena jīvasya brahmābhedo'vagamyata iti vidvadbhiravinayaḥ kṣantavyaḥ| yato'yaṃ sarveṣāṃ pratyagātmā ato'hamiva so'pi kurvannapi na lipyate asaṅgātmajñānātkartrāderbādhitatvācca | vyutthāne tatpratītāvapyuktakhādaddaṃgoragavadbādhakatvāccetyarthaḥ |
brahmaṇīti | yato vidvānasaṅgatvātkurvannapi na lipyate tasmādavidvānapi brahmaṇi sarvāntaryāmiṇi
5.10
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | hetuḥ | indriyāṇi upalakṣaṇamidaṃ prāṇāderapi | indriyādaya indriyārtheṣu sveṣu viṣayeṣu vartante iti dhārayanninnivañjatvahaṃ viṣayeṣu varte iti manyate | dhārayanniti hetau śatṛpratyayaḥ | atra darśanādayaḥ pañcajñānendriyāṇāṃ vyāpārāḥ | gamanavisargapralapanagrahaṇāni karmendriyāṇām | tānica ānandasyopalakṣaṇāni | śvasanniti prāṇasya, svapanniti buddheḥ, unmeṣaṇanimeṣaṇe kūrmākhyaprāṇasyeti vibhāgaḥ | kramastvavivakṣitaḥ | etāni kurvannapyabhimānābhāvānna lipyata ityarthaḥ |
kāyeneti | kevalairiti vipariṇāmena sarvatra saṃbandhanīyam | kevalena kāyena ahamayaṃ brāhmaṇo yuvetyātmādhyāsaśūnyena | evamanyatrāpi saṅgaṃ tyaktvā dehādibhyo vivikte'pi ātmani tārkikādivadahaṃ karomītyabhiniveśaṃ tyaktvā yoginaḥ karma kurvanti | ātmaśuddhaye cittaśuddhyartham | tasmāttavāpi tatraivādhikāro'stīti tadeva tvaṃ kuru
5.11
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | karmāṇyādhāya ayameva kārayitā natvahaṃ karteti samarpya yaḥ karmāṇi karoti saḥ pāpena na lipyate'mbhasā padmapatramiva |
kiṃca yukta iti | yukto brahmaṇyādhāya karmāṇītyādinoktalakṣaṇaḥ karmaṇāṃ phalaṃ tyaktvā īśvare samarpya śāntiṃ kaivalyaṃ naiṣṭhikī sattvaśuddhayādikramaprāptabrahmaniṣṭhāphalabhūtāṃ prāpnoti | ayuktastadviparītaḥ kāmakāreṇa svairavṛttyā phale saktaḥ san nitarāṃ badhyate |
5.12
evamavidvānphalāsaktyanāsaktivaśātkarmabhirbadhyate na badhyate cetyuktam, vidvāṃstu tadviparīta ityāha—sarvakarmāṇīti | vaśī jitacittaḥ samādhistho yogī navadvāre naiva pañcajñānendriyāṇi ṣaṣṭhaḥ
5.13
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | |
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | prāṇastenaiva tatpravartyānāṃ karmendriyāṇāṃ saṃgrahaḥ | buddhayahaṃkāracittānīti nava | etāni dvārāṇīva purapaterjīvasya bhogārthaṃ viṣayapraveśasthānāni yasminnavadvāre śarīrākhye pure vicitravāsanākalpitānantaviṣayavati anekaiḥ karmasacivairadhiṣṭhite
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | sukhaduḥkhādinānāpaṇyavati manasā sarvadvārodghāṭanakuñcikayā saha sarvāṇi karmāṇi purapatiriva rājakāryāṇi saṃnyasya sukhaṃ nirvikalpasaṃvinmātrarūpeṇāste | karmāṇi kṣetrasyaiva dharmo natvātmana iti kṣetre tyaktuṃ śakyānyeva | tathāca śrutiḥ 'śarīre pāpmano hitvā' iti | 'yatra suhṛrdaḥ sukṛto madante vihāya rogaṃ tanvā svāyām' iti ca | dehī san dehābhi-
nanvevaṃ bhṛtyavatkartṛtvaṃ svāmivatkārayitṛtvaṃ vāsya māstu | ayaskāntavadvikārasyaiva sataḥ kartrādidharmakāhaṃkārādipravartakatvamastvityāśaṅkyāha—na kartṛtvamiti | kartṛtvamahaṃkārasya karmā-
5.14
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | mānakāle | vyutthāne'pītyarthaḥ | tadāpi naiva kurvannāste nāpi kārayannāste rājevāmātyeṣu nihitabhāraḥ | samādhau kṣetreṇa sahātmanaḥ saṃbandhābhāvadarśanāt | yadvā navadvārāṇi cakṣuḥśrotranāsābiladvandvāni ṣaṭ saptamaṃ mukhaṃ adhastane dve iti | asminyakṣe indriyāṇi paricārakā buddhiramātyo'haṃkāro yuvarāja ityādikamūhyam | viduṣaḥ karmasaṃbandha eva nāsti dūre tatphalāsaktyanāsaktī iti bhāvaḥ |
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | ṇīndriyāṇāṃ vacanādānādīni śravaṇadarśanādīni ca | lokasya lokyate prakāśyata iti loko jaḍavargaḥ prabhuścidātmā sūrya ivāsmadādīnāṃ prakāśako'pi na karmādau pravartakastadvadasya karmaphalasaṃyogaṃ vā na sṛjati kiṃtu yo yādṛk yasya svabhāvaḥ sa tathā pravartate | yathā sūrye'bhyudite kamalānāṃ vikasanaṃ kumudānāmunmudraṇaṃ ceti tadgadevamātmani prakāśamāne ghaṭādayo na ceṣṭante manuṣyādayastu ceṣṭante | natvātmā kasyacitpravartako nivartako vā | lohāyaskāntayoriva satyānṛtayorātmānātmanoḥ saṃbandhābhāvāditi bhāvaḥ |
nanu 'eṣa hyeva sādhu karma kārayati taṃ yamebhyo lokebhya unninīṣate eṣa hyevāsādhu karma kārayati ta yamadho ninīṣate' iti śrutyā parameśvare kārayitṛtvaṃ bodhyate | tatkatha-
5.15
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | te 'svabhāvastu pravartate' iti tatrāha-nādatta iti | kasyacitkartuḥ pāpamayaṃ nādatte nāpi sukṛtam | kārayitṛtvāt | yato vibhurvyāpakaḥ | niṣkriya iti yāvat | sakriyo hyanyaṃ pravartayati tadīyaṃ pāpaṃ puṇyaṃ vā labhate | ayaṃ tathā kiṃtu sūryavat prakāśata eva natu svaprakāśyānāṃ kartrādīnāṃ karmaṇā saṃbadhyate iti bhāvaḥ | kārayitṛtvamasattāmātreṇa sūryavat | yathā ghaṭaḥ prakāśate savitā prakāśayatīti nodāhṛtaśrutivirodhaḥ | kathaṃ tarhi īśvarārmāṇi kurvanti tadakaraṇācca bibhyatītyāśaṅkayāha-ajñāneneti | yathā hi mahārājasya sārvabhaumasyāhaṃ sarvenirvṛto'smīti jñānaṃ ajñānena sauṣuptenāvṛtaṃ cetsa tatra vividhāni paracakrādīni mahānti saṃkaṭarutāni paśyati
tadātmana āvarakamajñānaṃ yeṣāṃ jñānena brahmāsmīti pramāṇajena nāśitaṃ teṣāṃ tajjñānaṃ kartṛ ādityavadādityo yathā kṛtsnaṃ dṛśyaṃ prakāśayati tadvatparaṃ paramārthavastu prakāśayati | ajñānajñānārthanivṛttyarthaṃ jñānameṣṭavyamiti
5.16
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | aho ahaṃ dīno'smi duḥkhyasmīti ca muhyati tadbhedete jantavaḥ svasyāhaṃ brahmāsmīti pramāṇena brahmabhāvamajānanta īśvarādātmānaṃ pṛthagjñāyamānā īśātmanoḥ sevyasevakabhāvaṃ ca paśyanto muhyanti | tathāca śrutiḥ 'atha yo'nyāṃ devatāmupāste'nyo'sāvanyo'hamiti na sa veda yathā paśureva sa devānām' iti | eṣa hyeveti śrutirapi bhrāntajanavyavahāraviṣayaiveti bhāvaḥ |
tadbuddhaya iti | yat paraṃ brahma praśāntaṃ tatraiva buddhirasti brahmeti niścayo yeṣāmāpātataḥ śrutyarthavidāṃ te tadbuddhayaḥ, tadeva ātmā pratyaktattva yeṣāṃ śravaṇamananātmakavicāreṇa pramāṇaprameyagatāsaṃbhāvanāvihīnānāṃ te tadātmānaḥ, tatraiva niṣṭhā vijātīyavṛttyanantaritasajātīyavṛttipravāho yeṣāṃ dehādāvanātmanyātmadhīrūpaviparītabhāvanārahitānāṃ te tanniṣṭhāḥ, tadeva paramayanamajñānarūpopādhinirāsena prāpyaṃ yeṣāmakhaṇḍānandamagnānāṃ te tatparāyaṇāḥ, apunarā-
5.17
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | bhāvaḥ |
eteṣāṃ jagati dṛṣṭimaha-vidyeti | uttamabrāhmaṇe caṇḍālādau vā samaṃ brahmaiva sadgrūpeṇa sphuraṇarūpeṇa ca bhāsamānaṃ draṣṭuṃ
5.18
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī) | vṛttiṃ mokṣaṃ gacchanti | yato jñānena nirdhūtaṃ kalmaṣaṃ mūlājñānaṃ saṃsārabījabhūtaṃ yeṣāṃ te jñānanirdhūtakalmaṣāḥ |
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ te samadarśinaḥ | yathoktam ‘asti bhāti priyaṃ rūpaṃ nāma cetyaṃśapañcakam | ādyaṃ trayaṃ brahmarūpaṃ jagadrūpaṃ tato dvayam ||’ iti | carācaraṃ jagadbrahmadṛṣṭyaiva paśyantītyarthaḥ |
nanu ‘samāsamābhyāṃ viṣamasame pūjataḥ’ iti tulyaśrutaśīlāya brāhmaṇadvayāya viṣamāṃ pūjāṃ prayuktavataḥ, tathā atulyaśrutaśīlāya brāhmaṇadvayāya samāṃ pūjāṃ prayuktavataścā'-
5.19
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | bhojyānnatvaṃ gautamena smaryate tatkathaṃ brāhmaṇacaṇḍālayoḥ samadarśitvaṃ yuktamityāśaṅkayāha—ihaiveti | yeṣāṃ manaḥ sarvabhūteṣu sāmye brahmabhāve sthitaṃ niścala tairihaiva jīvadbhireva sargo janma jito vaśīkṛtaḥ | hi yasmānnirdoṣaṃ samaṃ sarvatrāviṣamaṃ
na prahṛṣyediti | yasmānnirdoṣaṃ samaṃ brahma tasmāt
5.20
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | brahmāsti yathā hiraṇmayordevatātatpīṭhayoḥ suvarṇatvasāmyaṃ paśyati pūjakastu ākārakṛtatāratamyaṃ paśyati tadvat | pūjāsmṛtiśrrāntikṛtatāratamyaviṣayā | sāmyadṛṣṭistu tattvaviṣayeti bhāvaḥ | yasmādevaṃ te sāmyaṃ paśyanti tasmādbrahmaṇyakhaṇḍaikarase te draṣṭāraḥ sthitā ekībhāvena samāptiṃ gatāḥ |
nanvanubhūtātmasukhepsayā prasiddhaṃ bāhyaṃ sukhaṃ tyaktumaśakyamato na prahṛṣyedityasaṃgatamata āha-bāhyeti | bahirbhavāḥ bāhyāḥ sparśā viṣayendriyasaṃbandhāsteṣu asaktātmā'nāsaktacittaḥ sannātmani pratyagbhūyā-
5.21
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | priyaṃ putrādiṃ prāpya na prahṛṣyet | apriyaṃ śatru duḥkhadaṃ prāpya nodvijet | buddhasthitirakhudvenānuṣṭheyeti jñāpayitumubhayatra liṅprayogaḥ | sthirabuddhiḥ pratyagadvaite śrutiyuktibhyāṃ sthirīkṛtaprajñaḥ | asaṃmūḍho dhyānajasākṣātkāreṇa nirgatamohaḥ | ataeva brahmavidbrahmabhāvasya labdhā | brahmabhāvaṃ gata ityarthaḥ | brahmaṇyeva pratyagadvaye vyutthānāvasthāyāmapi sthitaḥ | sarvaṃ brahmaityeva paśyannityarthaḥ |
nanu suṣuptitulyasya mokṣasukhasārthe kaḥ prāptameva bāhyaṃ divyahṛdyannapānagītavādyādisukhaṃ tyajedityāśaṅkya bāhyasukhamanitya tvānnindati—ye hīti | saṃsparśajā viṣayasaṃbandhajāḥ | duḥkhayonitve hetuḥ ādyantavanta iti | jāte putre yatsukhaṃ
5.22
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | nande suṣuptikāle sthitvā yatsukhaṃ vindati labhate sa tadeva sukham | vidheyāpekṣaṃ puṃstvam | kassatsukham | yo brahmayoge brahmaṇi yogaḥ samādhistatra yukto yojita ātmā buddhiryena sa brahmayogayuktātmā | brahmavidityarthaḥ | ‘brahmavidbrahmaiva bhavati’ iti śruteḥ | brahmayogayuktātmā tadeva sukhaṃ vindatīti vaktavye brahmavideva tatsukhamiti tasya sukhābhinnatvavi vakṣayedamuktam | nanubhayatrai kameva sukhaṃ cetkaḥ suptasamādhisyorviśeṣa ityāśaṅkyāha— sukhamiti | akṣayyaṃ sukhaṃ mokṣastamaśnute vyāpnoti | dvaitadarśanasya tulyatvādubhayatrai kameva sukhaṃ tatrāpi yogī mūlāvidyāyā naṣṭatvādakṣayyaṃ sukhamaśnute na suptaḥ | avidyānucchedāt | tathāca mokṣasukhasya mukhyasyāpyanubhūtatvāttadarthaṃ bāhyaṃ sukhaṃ sutyajamityarthaḥ |
kaḥ punarmukhyaḥ sukhītyāha-śaknotīti | ihaiva jīvatyeva dehe prākśarīravimokṣaṇādyāvaddehapātaṃ mayā kāmakrodhau jitāviti visrambho na kartavya ityarthaḥ | śrute dṛṣṭe'numite vā viṣaye yo gardhastṛṣṇārūpo'numiśra sa kāmaḥ krodhastādṛśe eva viṣaye dveṣastau
5.23
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | tattasminnaṣṭe naśyati duḥkhaṃ ca mahatprayacchatīti teṣu bhogeṣu budhaḥ paripākadarśī na ramate |
ko'sau yogī yo mukhyaḥ sukhītyuktaṃ tatrāha—ya iti | sukhaṃ viṣayasaṅgajyā prītiḥ, ārāmaḥ
5.24
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | kāmakrodhāvudbhavau yasya vegasya sa romāñcahṛṣṭanetravaktrādiliṅgo'ntaḥkaraṇaprakṣobharūpaḥ kāmodbhavo vegaḥ | gātraprakampaprasvedasaṃdaṣṭauṣṭhapuṭaraktanetrādiliṅgaḥ krodhodbhavo vegastaṃ kāmakrodhodbhavaṃ vegaṃ soḍhuṃ yaḥ śaknoti sa eva yukto yogī mukhyaḥ sukhī ca nānyaḥ |
labhanta iti | ṛṣayaḥ samyagdarśinaḥ |
5.25
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī) | prītihetuḥ rūpādibhiḥ saha krīḍā, jyotiḥ krīḍopakaraṇānāṃ prakāśaḥ, tadetattrayaṃ yasyānaṃtareva so'ntaḥsukho'ntararāmo'ntarjyotiśca na tvindriyadvārakamiti evaśabdārthaḥ | ya evaṃbhūtaḥ sa yogī kiyato yadyevaṃ brahmanirvāṇaṃ gatyaprāpyaparamānandaṃ brahma ihaivādhigacchati | yato brahmabhūto jīvanneva brahmadarśane brahmabhāvaṃ gataḥ |
kiṃca kāmeti | abhito jīvatāṃ mṛtānāṃ ca viditātmanāṃ jñātātmatattvānām |
5.26
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | chinnadvaidhāśchinnasaṃśayāḥ | yatātmāno jitacittāḥ |
evaṃ samyagdarśananiṣṭhānāṃ sadyomuktiruktā, karmayogaśca saṅgaphalatyāgena īśvaraprītyarthamanuṣṭhitaḥ sattvaśuddhijñānaprāptidvāreṇa mokṣāya bhavatītyapyuktam, athedānoṃ samyagdarśanāntaraṅgasādhanaṃ dhyānaṃ
5.27
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | yogaṃ vistareṇa vakṣyāmīti tatsūtrabhūtāṃstrīñślokānupadiśati—sparśāniti | atrottarārdhena prāṇāyāma uktaḥ, sparśānkṛtvā bahirbāhyāniti pratyāhāra uktaḥ, bhruvorantare cakṣuḥ kṛtveti dhāraṇektā, vigatecchābhayakrodha iti sādhanabhūtāḥ phalabhūtāśca dvividhā yamā niyamāścoktāḥ, yatendriya iti vitarkākhyaḥ saṃprajñātaḥ, yatamanā iti vicārākhyaḥ, yatabuddhirityānandāsmitākhyau, mokṣaparāyaṇa ityasaṃprajñāta uktaḥ, śeṣeṇa yogaphalamiti vibhāgaḥ | pāṭhakramamananurudhyārthakrameṇākṣarārthaḥ spaṣṭīkriyate | tatra vigateccho vigatabhayo vigatakrodha iti saṃbandhaḥ | yo hi icchāvānsa iṣṭasiddhayarthaṃ hiṃsānṛtasteyastrīparigrahānicchet | ato vigatecchapadena tadviparyayān ‘ahiṃsāsatyāsteyabrahmacaryāparigrahā yamāḥ’ iti sūtroktānyamām̐llakṣayati | tathā bhayaṃ svocchedaśaṅkā tayā buddhibhro na ‘śaucasaṃtoṣatapaḥsvādhyāyeśvarapraṇidhānāni niyamāḥ’ iti sūtroktānniyamānsvīkartumicchedato vigatabhaya ityanena teṣāṃ grahaṇam | tathā krodhākrānto maitryādīnbhāvayitumaśaktaścittaprasādhanaṃ kartuṃ na śaknoti | tacca ‘maitrīkaruṇāmuditopekṣāṇāṃ sukhaduḥkhapuṇyāpuṇyaviṣayāṇāṃ bhāvanātaścittaprasādhanam’ iti sūtritam | tatra vigatakrodhaḥ śāntaprakṛtitvātsukhiteṣu maitrīṃ parasyeṣṭe na mameveṣṭamidaṃ jātamiti bhāvayet | tathā duḥkhiteṣu karuṇāṃ puṇyavatsu muditāṃ pāpavatsūpekṣāṃ ca bhāvayet | nacaitena prasādhanena vinā cittādarśasya nairmalyaṃ bhavati | evaṃ sādhanāvasthāyāṃ yamaniyamacittaprasādhanānāṃ siddhyarthaṃ vigatecchābhayakrodhatvamabhīpsitam | evaṃ phalāvasthāyāmapi tadīpsitam | tathāhi saṃprajñātasamādhiphalabhūtāyāṃ madhumatyāṃ yogabhūmau sthitaṃ yoginaṃ prati divyāḥ kāmā upatiṣṭhante tatrāpi vigatecchatvamiṣṭam | tathāhi ‘sthānyupanimantraṇe saṅgasmayākaraṇaṃ punaraniṣṭaprasaṅgāt’ iti sūtram | sthānino devāstairupanimantraṇe ihāsyatāṃ ime ramyāvasathāḥ imā ramyā rāmāḥ imāni jarāmaraṇaharāṇi rasāyanāni ime vayaṃ kiṃkarāḥ svapuṇyārjitamidaṃ sthānaṃ tvayā bhujyatāmiti prārthanāyāṃ kriyamāṇāyāṃ saṅgo lipsā tatra na kartavyā, nāpi tallābhenātmano mahābhāgatvaṃ devaprārthyatvaṃ matvā garvo'pi kartavyastayoḥ saṅgasmayayorbhraṃśahetutvāditi sūtrārthaḥ | tathā bhayamapi dvividhaṃ yogāntarāyajaṃ vitarkajaṃ ca | tatrādyaṃ ‘vyādhistyānasaṃśayapramādālasyāviratibhrāntidarśanālabdhabhūmikatvānavasthitatvāni cittavikṣepāste'ntarāyāḥ’,‘duḥkhadaurmanasyāṅgemejayatvaśvāsapraśvāsāvikṣepasahabhuvaḥ’ iti sūtrābhyāmuktam | styāna akarmaṇyatā aviratirvairāgyaṃ aṅgamejayatvaṃ kampavāyuḥ vitarkāhiṃsādayastajjaṃ ca bhayam | ādyasya nivāraṇaṃ īśvarapraṇidhānena | tathāca sūtritaṃ ‘tataḥ pratyakcetanādhigamo'ntarāyābhāvaśca’ iti | tata īśvarapraṇidhānāt | dvitīyasya pratipakṣabhāvanena | tathāca sūtritam ‘vitarkabādhane pratipakṣabhāvanam’ iti ‘vitarkā hiṃsādayaḥ kṛtakāritānumoditālobhakrodhamohamūlā mṛdumadhyādhimātrā duḥkhājñānānanta-
yatendriyeti | yasminkasmiṃścitsthūle
5.28.1
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | phalā iti pratipakṣabhāvanam' iti ca | ādipadādanṛtasteyādayaḥ | hiṃsādayaḥ pratyekaṃ kṛtakāritānumoditabhedena trividhāḥ | te'pi pratyekaṃ lobhādimūlakatvena trividhāḥ | te'pi mṛdumadhyamādhimātrabhedena pratyekaṃ trividhāḥ | te ca mūlabhūtā vitarkākhyaścatvāraḥ pañca adhikā vā tribhirguṇitā ekāśītiraṣṭottaraśataṃ pañcatriṃśadadhikaṃ śatamadhikā vā bhavanti | śākhāpraśākhābhedenānantāśca | duḥkharūpamajñānarūpaṃ cānantaphalaṃ yeṣāṃ te duḥkhajñānānantaphalā ityanayā pratipakṣabhāvanayā te nivartanīyā iti | evaṃ yamaniyamacittaprasādhanapratipakṣabhāvanairnirantarāyaṃ mṛdūkṛtacitto yogī vivikte deśe 'āsīnaḥ saṃbhavāt' iti nyāyena sthirasukhamāsanamadhyāsīta | tatra deśāsane śrūyete 'same śucau śarkarāvahnivālukāvivarjite śabdajalāśrayādibhiḥ | mano'nukūle natu cakṣupīḍane guhānivātāśrayaṇe prayojayet || trirunnataṃ sthāpya samaṃ śarīraṃ hṛdīndriyāṇi manasā saṃnirudhya | brahmoḍupena pratareta vidvāñsrotāṃsi sarvāṇi bhayāvahāni ||' iti | cakṣurityatra visargalopaśchāndasaḥ | trirunnataṃ kaṭivakṣaḥkandharāpradeśeṣūnnataṃ | tato jitāsanaḥ prāṇāyāmamabhyaset | tena hi mandagatau ghrāṇe sati tadanusāri mano'pi cāñcalyaṃ tyajati | nocedvāyuvikṣepeṇa vikṣipyate | tatra prāṇajayapramāṇam 'prāṇānprapīḍyeha saṃyuktaceṣṭaḥ kṣīṇe prāṇe nāsikayocchvasīta' iti śrutyuktameva saṃgṛhṇāti | prāṇāpānau samau kṛtvā nāsābhyantaracāriṇau iti |
5.28.2
prāṇāpānau samau tulyāvūrdhvādhogativicchedena nāsābhyantaracāriṇau kumbhakena kṛtvā tato bāhyānbahirbhāvānsparśānviṣayasaṃbandhānindriyadvārā nityamantarbuddhau kriyamāṇān yogīndriyāṇāṃ pratyāharaṇena tānbāhireva kuryāt | tato viṣayebhyo vyāvṛtteṣu karaṇeṣu svamakāle ivāntarmanomātreṇāvatiṣṭhata ityarthaḥ | imaṃ pratyāhāraṃ kartumaśaktasyāviraktasya kā gatirityata āha—cakṣuścaivāntarebhruvoriti | caśabdo vārthe | cakṣureva vā bhruvorantare kuryāt | khecarī mudrāmabhyasedityarthaḥ | sā coktā yogasāre 'lambikordhvasthite garte jihvāṃ vyāvṛtya dhārayet | dṛḍhāsanasthiraṃ tiṣṭhenmudraiṣā khecarī matā || bhrūmadhyadṛṣṭirapyeṣā mahādevena kīrtitā' iti | ya evaṃ sarvo'pi bāhye viṣaye sūryādau saṃyamo yathoktaṃ pratyāhāramanuṣṭhātumaśaktānpratyevopadiṣyata iti jñeyam | 3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | viṣaye sūrye tadraśmiṣu vā viṣṇuprātamāyāṃ vā'nāhatadhvanau vānyatra vā cakṣurādyanyatamadvārā mano dhārayet | tacca manastadviṣayākāratāṃ prāptaṃ tatraiva sthirābhyāsena viśrāntaṃ svadehamapi na paśyati seyaṃ mahāvidehā nāma dhāraṇā | asyāṃ siddhāyāmindriyagaṇaḥ svaṃsvaṃ viṣayaṃ natu gṛhṇāti | so'yaṃ bahirviṣayapratyāhāraḥ pūrvoktastvāntara iti bhedaḥ | ataeva tayostulyaphalatvaṃ sūtritam 'tataḥ kṣīyate prakāśāvaraṇam' iti | tataḥ ābhyantarapratyāhārāt tathā bahirkalpitā vṛttirmahāvidehā tatsaṃyamātprakāśāvaraṇakṣaya iti | yadā cittaṃ dehamavismṛtyaiva haṭhena puraḥsthitamūrtyādyākāraṃ kriyate tadā sā cittasya mūrtyākāratārūpā vṛttiḥ kalpitā |
5.28.3
yadā tu niravaśeṣeṇa dehaṃ vismṛtya cetaḥ kevalaṃ dhyeyākāramātraṃ bhavati tadā sā mahāvidehā nāma dhāraṇā | tasyā api phalaṃ tadeva | tatsaṃyamāttasyāṃ cetaso nigrahātprakāśāvaraṇakṣayo bhavati so'yaṃ bāhyaviṣayaḥ samādhiḥ | vitarkākhyo dvividhaḥ savitarkanirvitarkabhedāt | tatrādyasya lakṣaṇaṃ sūtritaṃ 'śabdārthajñānavikalpaiḥ saṃkīrṇā savitarkā' iti | savitarkā nāma samāpattiḥ samādhirityarthaḥ | yadā viṣṇupratimādau pūrvāparānusaṃdhānena śabdārthollekhena ca bhāvanā pravartate tadā savitarkā samāpattiḥ | asminnevālambane pūrvāparānanusaṃdhānena śabdārthollekhanamantareṇa bhāvanā pravartate tadā nirvitarkā nāma samāpattiḥ | tathāca sūtraṃ 'smṛtipariśuddhau svarūpaśūnye vārthamātranirbhāsā nirvitarkā' iti | smṛteḥ śabdārthasmaraṇasya pariśuddhau varjane sati bhāvayituḥ svarūpeṇa śūnyā tadāhamidaṃ bhāvayāmītyevamākārā vṛttirapi bhāvayiturnāstīveti bhāti | yato'rthamātranirbhāsā dhyeyārthamātramasyāṃ bhāsate natvanyaditi sūtrārthaḥ | asyāṃ siddhāyāṃ yogī jitendriya ityucyate | jitamanā iti ābhyantarapratyāhārapūrvakaṃ yadā manaḥkalpite sūkṣme viṣaye pūrvavacchabdārthollekhapūrvakaṃ tadrajaṃ ca manaso bhāvanā pravartate tadā te ubhe samāpattī savicāranirvicārākhye bhavataḥ | tathāca sūtraṃ 'etayaiva savicārā nirvicārā ca sūkṣmaviṣayā vyākhyātā' iti | atra sūkṣmaviṣayeti grahaṇātpūrvetvāṃ sthūlaviṣayatvaṃ gamyate | etayaiva dvividhavitarkasamāpattyaiva nirvicārasamāpattau dṛḍhāyāṃ yogī jitamanā ityucyate |
5.28.4
yadā punaścetaso mūrtyākāratāṃ parityajya sattvodrekātsaptaṣṭhimanomayaviṣayā ahamevedaṃ sarvo'smītyevamākārā bhāvanā pravartate so'yaṃ sānandaḥ samādhiḥ | yadātu tāmapi bhāvanāṃ parityajya viṣayavedanamantareṇāsmītyetāvanmātrākārā bhāvanā pravartate sā'smitā | asmitāhaṃkārayorbhedastu krameṇa viṣayavaimukhyatadābhimukhyamātrakṛtaḥ | yathaika eva pūrvābhimukhaḥ paścimābhimukhaśceti tadvat | asyāmavasthāyāṃ yogī buddhito viviktasya tvaṃpadārthasya sākṣātkārājjitabuddhirityucyate | tadetaduktaṃ yatendriyamanobuddhiriti | etānyeva prasādhanāni guṇaparvāṇyucyante | tathāca sūtram 'viśeṣāviśeṣaliṅgamātrāliṅgāni guṇaparvāṇi' iti | tatra viśeṣāḥ sthūlabhūtāni ekādaśendriyāṇi ca | aviśeṣāḥ pañcatanmātrāṇi ahaṃkāraśca | liṅgamātraṃ mahattattvam | aliṅgaṃ pradhānam | tatra viśeṣādaviśeṣaṃ pravivikṣato yogino dainaṃdinalayābhyāsātsamastakānīndriyāṇi līyante sa layaḥ | bahirmukhānyeva vā bhavanti sa vikṣepaḥ | evamaviśeṣebhyo liṅgamātraṃ vivikṣato'pi layavikṣepau staḥ | liṅgamātrātparaṃ puruṣaṃ pravivikṣato'pi tau staḥ | tāvetau layavikṣepau heyau śrūyete 'layavikṣeparahitaṃ manaḥ kṛtvā suniścalam | yadā yātyunmanībhāvaṃ tadā tatparamaṃ padam ||' iti | eteṣu triṣu līne- evaṃ samāhitacittena kiṃ vijñeyamityucyate—bhoktāramiti | sopādhikena rūpeṇa yajñānāṃ tapasāṃ ca kartṛrūpeṇa devatārūpeṇa ca bhoktāram | tathā sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ hiraṇyagarbhādīnāmapi mahāntaṃ vyāpakamaśvaramīśitāramantaryāmiṇam | suhṛdaṃ sarva-
5.29
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā (caturdharī) | khyādyaḥ supta eva | dvitīyo vigalitadehāhaṃkāratvādvidehasaṃjñaḥ | tṛtīyaḥ prakṛtitvaya iti | etayoḥ samādhirgauṇaḥ | ataeva sūtritam ‘bhavapratyayo videhaprakṛtilayānām’ iti | bhavapratyayo janmāntarahetureśāṃ samādhirbhavati | yadvā janmāntare eteṣāṃ janmanaiva samādhisiddhiḥ pakṣiṇāmākāśagamanasiddhivadbhavatīti sūtrārthaḥ | sarvathāpi teṣāṃ sadyomuktirnāstīti siddham | yadātu asmitāmātrasyāpi nirvikalpe cinmātre layo bhavati tadāyaṃ vidvānkaivalya dharmameva samādhyākhyamanubhavati | yamadhikṛtya śrūyate ‘kṣaṇamekaṃ kratuśatasya catuḥsaptatyā yatphalaṃ tadavāpnoti’ iti | ayameva mokṣākhyaḥ paramayanaṃ prāpyaṃ sthānaṃ yasya sa munirmokṣaparāyaṇa ityucyate | yato'syāmevāvasthāyāṃ yogī jīvanmukta ityucyate | vigatecchābhayakrodha iti pādaḥ prāgeva vyākhyātaḥ | ya evaṃbhūtaḥ sa sadā muktaḥ bandhapratītiqāle'pi sa mukta evāsti | ajñānamātravyavadhānānmukteḥ | etenāhaṃkārāderbandhasya kālatraye'pyasattvoktyā mithyātvaṃ darśitam |
3 nīlakaṇṭhavyākhyā ( caturdharī ) | bhūtānāṃ prāṇināṃ pratyupakāranirapekṣatayopakāriṇaṃ sarvapratyayasākṣiṇaṃ nārāyaṇaṃ māṃ pratyagabhedena jñātvā sākṣātkṛtya | tadbhāvaṃ prāpya śāntimanupākhyavasthāṃ nirupākhyāṃ kaivalyasaṃjñāṃ ṛcchati prāpnoti | evaṃ ca sopādhibrahmabhāvaprāptipūrvakaiva nirupādhiprāptiriti gamyate | yathoktaṃ vārtikasāre 'sopādhirnirupādhiśca dvedhā brahmaviducyate | sopādhikaḥ syātsarvātmā nirupākhyo'nupādhikaḥ || jakṣankrīḍanmatiṃ prāpta iti sopādhikasya tu | chāndogye sarvakāmāptiḥ sārvatmyātspaṣṭamīritā || ahamannaṃ tathānnādaḥ ślokakāryapyaho aham | iti tattvavidaḥ sāmagāne sarvātmatā śrutā || atrāpi cakradṛṣṭāntātsopādhistattvavicchrutaḥ | apūrvānaparādyuktyā śroṣyate nirupādhikaḥ ||' iti |
iti bhīṣmaparvaṇi nailakaṇṭhīye bhāratabhāvadīpe śrīmadbhagavadgītārthaprakāśe pañcamo'dhyāyaḥ |
Linked texts (1)
- Bhagavadgītā — Vyāsa, Sanskrit