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Bhagavadgita 11

Gītābhāṣya (of Rāmānuja) 11

Language
Sanskrit

11.1

arjuna uvāca ---
madanugrahāya paramaṃ guhyam adhyātmasaṃjñitam |
yat tvayoktaṃ vacas tena moho 'yaṃ vigato mama ||
dehātmābhimānarūpamohena mohitasya mamānugrahaikaprayojanāya paramaṃ guhyam paramaṃ rahasyam adhyātmasaṃjñitam ātmani vaktavyaṃ vacaḥ, "na tv evāhaṃ jātu nāsam" ityādi, "tasmād yogī bhavārjuna" ity etadantaṃ yat tvayoktam, tenāyam mamātmaviṣayo mohaḥ sarvo vigataḥ dūrato nirastaḥ //

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tathā ca --

11.2

bhavāpyayau hi bhūtānāṃ śrutau vistaraśo mayā |
tvattaḥ kamalapatrākṣa māhātmyam api cāvyayam ||
saptamaprabhṛti daśamaparyante tvadvyatiriktānāṃ sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ tvattaḥ paramātmano bhavāpyayau utpattipralayau vistaraśo mayā śrutau hi / kamalapatrākṣa, tava avyayaṃ nityaṃ sarvacetanācetanavastuśeṣitvaṃ jñānabalādikalyāṇaguṇagaṇais tavaiva parataratvaṃ sarvādhāratvaṃ cintitanimiṣitādisarvapravṛttiṣu tavaiva pravartayitṛtvam ityādi aparimitaṃ māhātmyaṃ ca śrutam / hiśabdo vakṣyamāṇadidṛkṣādyotanārthaḥ //

11.3

evam etad yathāttha tvam ātmānaṃ parameśvara |
draṣṭum icchāmi te rūpam aiśvaraṃ puruṣottama ||
he parameśvara, evam etad ity avadhṛtam, yathātha tvam ātmānaṃ bravīṣi / puruṣottama āśritavātsalyajaladhe tavāiśvaraṃ tvadasādhāraṇaṃ sarvasya praśāsitṛtve, pālayitṛtve, sraṣṭṛtve, saṃhartṛtve bhartṛtve, kalyāṇaguṇākaratve, parataratve, sakaletaravisajātīyatve 'vasthitaṃ rūpaṃ draṣṭuṃ sākṣātkartum icchāmi //

11.4

manyase yadi tac chakyaṃ mayā draṣṭum iti prabho |
yogeśvara tato me tvaṃ darśayātmānam avyayam ||
tat sarvasya sraṣṭṛ, sarvasya praśāsitṛ, sarvasyādhārabhūtaṃ tvadrūpaṃ mayā draṣṭuṃ śakyam iti yadi manyase, tato yogeśvara -- yogo jñānādikalyāṇaguṇayogaḥ, "paśya me yogam aiśvaram" iti hi vakṣyate -- tvadvyatiriktasya kasyāpy asaṃbhāvitānāṃ jñānabalāiśvaryavīryaśaktitejasāṃ nidhe! ātmānaṃ tvām avyayaṃ me darśaya / avyayam iti kriyāviśeṣaṇam / tvāṃ sakalaṃ me darśayetyarthaḥ //

11.5

śrī-bhagavān uvāca --- evaṃ kautūhalā1nvitena harṣa-gadgada-kaṇṭhena pārthena prārthito bhagavān uvāca ---
paśya me pārtha rūpāṇi śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ |
nānāvidhāni divyāni nānāvarṇākṛtīni ca ||
paśya me sarvāśrayāṇi rūpāṇi; atha śataśaḥ sahasraśaś ca nānāvidhāni nānāprakārāṇi, divyāni aprākṛtāni, nānāvarṇākṛtīni śuklakṛṣṇādinānāvarṇāni, nānākārāṇi ca paśya //

11.6

paśyādityān vasūn rudrān aśvinau marutas tathā |
bahūny adṛṣṭapūrvāṇi paśyāścaryāṇi bhārata ||
mamaikasmin rūpe paśya ādityān dvādaśa, vasūn aṣṭau, rudrān ekādaśa, aśvinau dvau, marutaś caikonapañcāśatam / pradarśanārtham idam, iha jagati pratyakṣadṛṣṭāni śāstradṛṣṭāni ca yāni vastūni, tāni sarvāṇi, anyāny api sarveṣu lokeṣu sarveṣu ca śāstreṣv adṛṣṭapūrvāṇi bahūny āścaryāṇi paśya //

11.7

ihaikasthaṃ jagat kṛtsnaṃ paśyādya sacarācaram |
mama dehe guḍākeśa yac cānyad draṣṭum icchasi ||
iha mamaikasmin dehe, tatrāpi ekastham ekadeśasthaṃ sacarācaraṃ kṛtsnaṃ jagat paśya; yac cānyad draṣṭum icchasi, tad apy ekadehaikadeśa eva paśya //

11.8

na tu māṃ śakṣyase draṣṭum anenaiva svacakṣuṣā |
divyaṃ dadāmi te cakṣuḥ paśya me yogam aiśvaram ||
ahaṃ mama dehaikadeśe sarvaṃ jagad darśayiṣyāmi; tvaṃ tv anena niyataparimitavastugrāhiṇā prākṛtena svacakṣuṣā, māṃ tathābhūtaṃ sakaletaravisajātīyam aparimeyaṃ draṣṭuṃ na śakṣyase / tava divyam aprākṛtaṃ maddarśanasādhanaṃ cakṣur dadāmi / paśya me yogam aiśvaram -- madasādhāraṇaṃ yogaṃ paśya; mamānantajñānādiyogam anantavibhūtiyogaṃ ca paśyetyarthaḥ //

11.9

evam uktvā tato rājan mahāyogeśvaro hariḥ |
darśayām āsa pārthāya paramaṃ rūpam aiśvaram ||

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evam uktvā sārathye 'vasthitaḥ pārthamātulajo mahāyogeśvaro hariḥ mahāścaryayogānām īśvaraḥ parabrahmabhūto nārāyaṇaḥ paramam aiśvaraṃ svāsādhāraṇaṃ rūpaṃ pārthāya pitṛṣvasuḥ pṛthāyāḥ putrāya darśayām āsa / tad vividhavicitranikhilajagadāśrayaṃ viśvasya praśāsitṛ ca rūpam; tac cedṛśam --

11.10

anekavaktranayanam anekādbhutadarśanam |
anekadivyābharaṇaṃ divyānekodyatāyudham ||

11.11

divyamālyāmbaradharaṃ divyagandhānulepanam |
sarvāścaryamayaṃ devam anantaṃ viśvatomukham ||
devaṃ dyotamānam, anantam kālatrayavarti; nikhilajagadāśrayatayā deśakālaparicchedānarham, viśvatomukham viśvadigvartimukham, svocitadivyāmbaragandhamālyābharaṇāyudhānvitam //

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tām eva devaśabdanirdiṣṭāṃ dyotamānatāṃ viśinaṣṭi --

11.12

divi sūryasahasrasya bhaved yugapad utthitā |
yadi bhāḥ, sadṛśī sā syād bhāsas tasya mahātmanaḥ ||
tejaso 'parimitatvadarśanārtham idam; akṣayatejassvarūpam ityarthaḥ //

11.13

tatraikasthaṃ jagat kṛtsnaṃ pravibhaktam anekadhā |
apaśyad devadevasya śarīre pāṇḍavas tadā ||
tatra anantāyām avistāre, anantabāhūdaravaktranetre, aparimitatejaske, aparimitadivyāyudhopete, svocitāparimitadivyabhūṣaṇe, divyamālyāmbaradhare, divyagandhānulepane, anantāścaryamaye, devadevasya divye śarīre anekadhā pravibhaktaṃ brahmādivividhavicitradevatiryaṅmanuṣyasthāvarādibhoktṛvargapṛthivyantarikṣasvargapātālātalavitalasutalādibhogasthānabhogyabhogopakaraṇabhedabhinnaṃ prakṛtipuruṣātmakaṃ kṛtsnaṃ jagat, "ahaṃ sarvasya prabhavo mattas sarvaṃ pravartate", "hanta te kathayiṣyāmi vibhūtīr ātmanaś śubhāḥ", "aham ātmā guḍākeśa sarvabhūtāśayasthitaḥ", ādityānām ahaṃ viṣṇuḥ" ityādinā, "na tad asti vinā yat syān mayā bhūtaṃ carācaram", "viṣṭabhyāham idaṃ kṛtsnam ekāṃśena sthito jagat" ityantenoditam, ekastham ekadeśastham;
pāṇḍavo bhagavatprasādalabdhataddarśanānuguṇadivyacakṣur apaśyat //

11.14

tatas sa vismayāviṣṭo hṛṣṭaromā dhanañjayaḥ |
praṇamya śirasā devaṃ kṛtāñjalir abhāṣata ||
tato dhanañjayo mahāścaryasya kṛtsnasya jagataḥ svadehaikadeśenāśrayabhūtaṃ kṛtsnasya pravartayitāraṃ ca āścaryatamānantajñānādikalyāṇaguṇagaṇaṃ devaṃ dṛṣṭvā vismayāviṣṭo hṛṣṭaromā śirasā daṇḍavat praṇamya kṛtāñjalir abhāṣata //

11.15

arjuna uvāca ---
paśyāmi devāṃs tava deva dehe sarvāṃs tathā bhūtaviśeṣasaṅgān |
brahmāṇam īśaṃ kamalāsanastham ṛṣīṃś ca sarvān uragāṃś ca dīptān ||
deva; tava dehe sarvān devān paśyāmi; tathā sarvān prāṇiviśeṣāṇāṃ saṃghān, tathā brahmāṇaṃ caturmukham aṇḍādhipatim, tatheśaṃ kamalāsanasthaṃ -- kamalāsane brahmaṇi sthitam īśaṃ tanmate 'vasthitaṃ tathā devarṣipramukhān sarvān ṛṣīn, uragāṃś ca vāsukitakṣakādīn dīptān //

11.16

anekabāhūdaravaktranetraṃ paśyāmi tvāṃ sarvato 'nantarūpam |
nāntaṃ na madhyaṃ na punas tavādiṃ paśyāmi viśveśvara viśvarūpa ||
anekabāhūdaravaktranetram anantarūpaṃ tvāṃ sarvataḥ paśyāmi; viśveśvara -- viśvasya niyantaḥ, viśvarūpa -- viśvaśarīra! yatas tvam anantaḥ, atas tava nāntaṃ na madhyaṃ na punas tavādiṃ ca paśyāmi //

11.17

kirīṭinaṃ gadinaṃ cakriṇaṃ ca tejorāśiṃ sarvato dīptim antam |
paśyāmi tvā durnirīkṣaṃ samantād dīptānalārkadyutim aprameyam ||
tejorāśiṃ sarvato dīptimantaṃ samantād durnirīkṣaṃ dīptānalārkadyutim aprameyaṃ tvāṃ kirīṭinaṃ gadinaṃ cakriṇaṃ ca paśyāmi //

11.18

tvam akṣaraṃ paramaṃ veditavyaṃ tvam asya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam |
tvam avyayaḥ śāśvatadharmagoptā sanātanas tvaṃ puruṣo mato me ||
upaniṣatsu, "dve vidye veditavye" ityādiṣu veditavyatayā nirdiṣṭaṃ paramam akṣaraṃ tvam eva; asya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam viśvasyāsya paramādhārabhūtas tvam eva; tvam avyayaḥ vyayarahitaḥ; yat svarūpo yadguṇo yadvibhavaś ca tvam, tenaiva rūpeṇa sarvadāvatiṣṭhase / śāśvatadharmagoptā śāśvatasya nityasya vaidikasya dharmasya evam ādibhir avatārais tvam eva goptā / sanātanas tvaṃ puruṣo mato me -- "vedāham etaṃ puruṣaṃ mahāntaṃ", "parāt paraṃ puruṣam" ityādiṣūditaḥ sanātanapuruṣas tvam eveti me mataḥ jñātaḥ / yad ukulatilakas tvam evaṃbhūta idānīṃ sākṣātkṛto mayetyarthaḥ //

11.19

anādimadhyāntam anantavīryam anantabāhuṃ śaśisūryanetram |
paśyāmi tvā dīptahutāśavaktraṃ svatejasā viśvam idaṃ tapantam ||
anādimadhyāntam ādimadhyāntarahitam / anantavīryam anavadhikātiśayavīryam; vīryaśabdaḥ pradarśanārthaḥ; anavadhikātiśayajñānabalāiśvaryavīryaśaktitejasāṃ nidhim ityarthaḥ / anantabāhum asaṃkhyeyabāhum / so 'pi pradarśanārthaḥ; anantabāhūdarapādavaktrādikam / śaśisūryanetram śaśivat sūryavac ca prasādapratāpayuktasarvanetram / devādīn anukūlān namaskārādi kurvāṇān prati prasādaḥ, tadviparītān asurarākṣasādīn prati pratāpaḥ; "rakṣāṃsi bhītāni diśo dravanti sarve namasyanti ca siddhasaṃghāḥ" iti hi vakṣyate / dīptahutāśavaktram pradīptakālānalavat saṃhārānuguṇavaktram / svatejasā viśvam idaṃ tapantam / tejaḥ parābhibhavanasāmarthyam; svakīyena tejasā viśvam idaṃ tapantaṃ tvāṃ paśyāmi -- evambhūtaṃ sarvasya
sraṣṭāraṃ sarvasyādhārabhūtaṃ sarvasya praśāsitāraṃ sarvasya saṃhartāraṃ jñānādyaparimitaguṇasāgaram ādimadhyāntarahitam evaṃbhūtadivyadehaṃ tvāṃ yathopadeśaṃ sākṣātkaromītyarthaḥ / ekasmin divyadehe anekodarādikaṃ katham? / ittham upapadyate / ekasmāt kaṭipradeśād anantaparimāṇād ūrdhvam udgatā yathoditodarādayaḥ, adhaś ca yathoditadivyapādāḥ; tatraikasmin mukhe netradvayam iti ca na virodhaḥ //

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evaṃbhūtaṃ tvāṃ dṛṣṭvā devādayo 'haṃ ca pravyathitā bhavāma ity āha --

11.20

dyāvāpṛthivyor idam antaraṃ hi vyāptaṃ tvayaikena diśaś ca sarvāḥ |
dṛṣṭvādbhutaṃ rūpam ugraṃ tad evaṃ lokatrayaṃ pravyathitaṃ mahātman ||
dyuśabdaḥ pṛthivīśabdaś cobhau uparitanānām adhastanānāṃ ca lokānāṃ pradarśanārthau / dyāvāpṛthivyoḥ antaram avakāśaḥ / yasminn avakāse sarve lokās tiṣṭhanti, sarvo 'yam avakāśo diśaś ca sarvās tvayaikena vyāptāḥ / dṛṣṭvādbhutaṃ rūpam ugraṃ tavedam anantāyām avistāram atyadbhutam atyugraṃ ca rūpaṃ dṛṣṭvā lokatrayaṃ pravyathitam yuddhadidṛkṣayā āgateṣu brahmādidevāsurapitṛgaṇasiddhagandharvayakṣarākṣaseṣu pratikūlānukūlamadhyastharūpaṃ lokatrayaṃ sarvaṃ pravyathitam atyantabhītam / mahātman aparicchedyamanovṛtte / eteṣām apy arjunasyaiva viśvāśrayarūpasākṣātkārasādhanaṃ divyaṃ cakṣur bhagavatā dattam / kim artham iti cet, arjunāya svāiśvaryaṃ sarvaṃ pradarśayitum / ata idam ucyate, "dṛṣṭvādbhutaṃ
rūpam ugraṃ tavedaṃ lokatrayaṃ pravyarthitaṃ mahātman" iti //

11.21

amī hi tvā surasaṅghā viśanti kecid bhītāḥ prāñjalayo gṛṇanti |
svastīty uktvā maharṣisiddhasaṅghāḥ stuvanti tvāṃ stutibhiḥ puṣkalābhiḥ ||
amī surasaṃghāḥ utkṛṣṭās tvāṃ viśvāśrayam avalokya hṛṣṭamanasaḥ tvan samīpaṃ viśanti / teṣv eva kecid atyugram atyadbhutaṃ ca tavākāram ālokya bhītāḥ prāñjalayaḥ svajñānānuguṇaṃ stutirūpāṇi vākyāni gṛṇanti uccārayanti / apare maharṣisaṃghāḥ siddhasaṃghāś ca parāvaratattvayāthātmyavidaḥ svastīty uktvā puṣkalābhir bhavadanurūpābhiḥ stutibhiḥ stuvanti //

11.22

rudrādityā vasavo ye ca sādhyā viśve 'śvinau marutaś coṣmapāś ca |
gandharvayakṣāsurasiddhasaṅghā vīkṣyante tvāṃ vismitāś caiva sarve ||
ūṣmapāḥ pitaraḥ, "ūṣmabhāgā hi pitaraḥ" iti śruteḥ / ete sarve vismayam āpannās tvāṃ vīkṣante //

11.23

rūpaṃ mahat te bahuvaktranetraṃ mahābāho bahubāhūrupādam |
bahūdaraṃ bahudaṃṣṭrākarālaṃ dṛṣṭvā lokāḥ pravyathitās tathāham ||
bahvībhir daṃṣṭrābhir atibhīṣaṇākāraṃ lokāḥ pūrvoktāḥ pratikūlānukūlamadhyasthās trividhāḥ sarva eva ahaṃ ca tad evam īdṛśaṃ rūpaṃ dṛṣṭvā atīva vyathitā bhavāmaḥ //

11.24

nabhasspṛśaṃ dīptam anekavarṇaṃ vyāttānanaṃ dīptaviśālanetram |
dṛsṭvā hi tvā pravyathitāntarātmā dhṛtiṃ na vindāmi śamaṃ ca viṣṇo ||
namaśśabdaḥ "tad akṣare parame vyoman", "ādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt", "kṣayantam asya rajasaḥ parāke", "yo asyādhyakṣaḥ parame vyoman" ityādiśrutisiddhitriguṇaprakṛtyatītaparamavyomavācī; savikārasya prakṛtitattvasya, puruṣasya ca sarvāvasthasya, kṛtsnasyāśrayatayā nabhas spṛśam iti vacanāt; "dyāvāpṛthivyor idam antaraṃ hi vyāptam" iti pūrvoktatvāc ca / dīptam anekavarṇaṃ vyāttānanaṃ dīptaviśālanetraṃ tvāṃ dṛṣṭvā pravyathitāntarātmā atyantabhītamanāḥ dhṛtiṃ na vindāmi dehasya dhāraṇaṃ na labhe, manasaś cendriyāṇāṃ ca śamaṃ na labhe / viṣṇo vyāpin! / sarvavyāpinam atimātram atyadbhutam atighoraṃ ca tvāṃ dṛṣṭvā praśithikasarvāvayavo vyākulendriyaś ca bhavāmītyarthaḥ //

11.25

daṃṣṭrākarālāni ca te mukhāni dṛṣṭvaiva kālānalasannibhāni |
diśo na jāne na labhe ca śarma prasīda deveśa jagannivāsa ||
yugāntakālānalavat sarvasaṃhāre pravṛttāni atighorāṇi tava mukhāni dṛṣṭvā diśo na jāne; sukhaṃ ca na labhe / jagatāṃ nivāsa deveśa brahmādīnām īśvarāṇām api paramamaheśvara! māṃ prati prasanno bhava / yathāhaṃ prakṛtiṃ gato bhavāmi, tathā kurv ityarthaḥ //

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evaṃ sarvasya jagataḥ svāyattasthitipravṛttitvaṃ darśayan pārthasārathī rājaveṣacchadmanāvasthitānāṃ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ yaudhiṣṭhireṣv anupraviṣṭānāṃ ca asurāṃśānāṃ saṃhāreṇa bhūbhārāvataraṇaṃ svamanīṣitaṃ svenaiva kariṣyamāṇaṃ pārthāya darśayām āsa / sa ca pārtho bhagavataḥ sraṣṭrtvādikaṃ sarvāiśvaryaṃ sākṣātkṛtya tasminn eva bhagavati sarvātmani dhārtarāṣṭrādīnām upasaṃhāram anāgatam api tatprasādalabdhena divyena cakṣuṣā paśyann idaṃ covāca --

11.26

amī ca tvā dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putrāḥ sarvaiḥ sahaivāvanipālasaṅghaiḥ |
bhīṣmo droṇaḥ sūtaputras tathāsau sahāsmadīyair api yodhamukhyaiḥ ||

11.27

vaktrāṇi te tvaramāṇā viśanti daṃṣṭrākarālāni bhayānakāni |
kecid vilagnā daśanāntareṣu saṃdṛśyante cūrṇitair uttamāṅgaiḥ ||

11.26-27

amī dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putrāḥ duryodhanādayas sarve bhīṣmo droṇaḥ sūtaputraḥ karṇaś ca tatpakṣīyair avanipālasamūhaiḥ sarvaiḥ, asmadīyair api kaiścid yodhamukhyais saha tvaramāṇā daṃṣṭrākarālāni bhayānakāni tava vaktrāṇi vināśāya viśanti; tatra kecic cūrṇitair uttamāṅgair daśānāntareṣu vilagnās saṃdṛśyante //

11.28

yathā nadīnāṃ bahavo 'mbuvegāḥ samudram evābhimukhā dravanti |
tathā tavāmī naralokavīrā viśanti vaktrāṇy abhivijvalanti ||

11.29

yathā pradīptajvalanaṃ pataṅgā viśanti nāśāya samṛddhavegāḥ |
tathaiva nāśāya viśanti lokās tavāpi vaktrāṇi samṛddhavegāḥ ||

11.28-29

ete rājalokāḥ, bahavo nadīnām ambupravāhāḥ samudram iva, pradīptajvalanam iva ca śalabhāḥ, tava vaktrāṇy abhivijvalanti svayam eva tvaramāṇā ātmanāśāya viśanti //

11.30

lelihyase grasamānaḥ samantāl lokān samagrān vadanair jvaladbhiḥ |
tejobhir āpūrya jagat samagraṃ bhāsas tavogrāḥ pratapanti viṣṇo ||
rājalokān samagrān jvaladbhir vadanair grasamānaḥ kopavegena tadrudhirāvasiktamoṣṭhapuṭādikaṃ lelihyase punaḥ punar lehanaṃ karoṣi / tavātighorā bhāsaḥ raśmayaḥ tejobhiḥ svakīyaiḥ prakāśaiḥ jagat samagram āpūrya pratapanti //

11.31

ākhyāhi me ko bhavān ugrarūpo namo 'stu te devavara prasīda |
vijñātum icchāmi bhavantam ādyaṃ na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛttim ||

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