Bhagavadgita 12
Sārārthavarṣiṇī 12
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 12.12 — 4 parts
12.1
śrīviśvanātha— dvādaśe sarvabhaktānāṃ jñānibhyaḥ śreṣṭhyamucyate| bhakteṣvapi praśasyante ye'dveṣādiguṇānvitāḥ || bhaktiprakaraṇasyopakrame ‘yogināmapi sarveṣāṃ madgatenāntarātmanā| śraddhāvān bhajate yo māṃ same yuktatamo mataḥ||' iti bhakteḥ sarvotkarṣo yathāśrutaḥ, tathaivopasaṃhāre'pi tasyā eva sarvotkarṣaṃ śrotukāmaḥ pṛcchati| evaṃ satatayuktā ‘matkarmakṛnmatparamaḥ' iti tvaduktalakṣaṇā bhaktāstvāṃ śyāmasundarākāraṃ ye paryupāsate, ye cāvyaktaṃ nirviśeṣamakṣaram— “etadvai tadakṣaraṃ gārgi brāhmaṇā abhivadantyasthūlamanaṇvahrasvam” ityādi śrutyuktaṃ brahma upāsate, teṣāmubhayeṣāṃ yogavidāṃ madhye ke'tiśayena yogavidaśca tvatprāptau śreṣṭhamupāyaṃ jānanti, na labhante vā, te yogavittaramā iti vaktavye yogavittamā ityuktiryogavittarāṇāmapi bahūnāṃ madhye ke yogavittamā ityarthaṃ bodhayati|
jisa prakāra ina vākyoṃmeṃ arjunane bhaktakī sarvaśreṣṭhatāke viṣayameṃ śravaṇa karaneko icchuka hokara aisī jijñāsā kara rahe haiṃ| āpane 'satatayuktāḥ' āpake dvārā kathita uparokta lakṣaṇoṃse yukta hokara 'tvāṃ' arthāt gārgi ! brāhmaṇagaṇa usa akṣara brahmako asthūla, anaṇu (asūkṣma) ahrasva kauna āpako jānanekā śreṣṭha upāya jānate haiṃ athavā kauna āpako prāpta yahī tātparya hai ki yogavittaroṃmeṃ kauna śreṣṭha hai ? |
hī pratipādana huā hai| arjuna aba taka bhagavān śrīkṛṣṇake upadeśoṃko bar̤e sāvadhānīse śravaṇa kara rahe the| śrīkṛṣṇane chaṭhe adhyāyameṃ 'yogināmapi sarveṣāṃ' ślokake mādhyamase karmayogī, dhyānayogī aura tapayogī adi sabhī prakārake yogiyoṃmeṃ bhaktiyogīko śreṣṭha batāyā| saptama adhyāyameṃ 'mayyāsaktamanāḥ' ślokake adhyāyameṃ 'prayāṇakāle manasā acalena' ślokake dvārā yogabalakī mahimā, navama adhyāyameṃ 'jñānayajñena cāpyanye' ślokake dvārā jñānayogakī bāta tathā ekādaśa adhyāyake antameṃ 'matkarmakṛn matparamo' ślokake dvārā punaḥ bhaktiyogakī śreṣṭhatākā varṇana kiyā| ina vibhinna yogoṃkī bātoṃko sunakara māno arjuna yaha sthira na kara sake ki yaśodānandana śyāmasundara śrīkṛṣṇarūpa saviśeṣa svarūpakī upāsanā śreṣṭha hai athavā niḥśaktika, nirākāra evaṃ
12.2
śrīviśvanātha—tatra madbhaktā śreṣṭhā ityāha—mayi śyāmasundarākāre mana āveśyāviṣṭaṃ kṛtvā nityayuktā mannityayogakāṅkṣiṇaḥ parayā guṇātītayā śraddhayā; yaduktaṃ—“sāttvikyādhyātmikī śraddhā karmaśraddhā tu rājasī| tāmasyadharme yā śraddhā matsevāyāntu nirguṇā|” iti| te me madīyā ananyabhaktā yuktatamā yogavittamā ityarthaḥ| tenānanyabhaktebhyo nyūnā anye jñānakarmādimiśrabhaktimanto yogavittamā ityartho'bhivyañjito bhavati| tataśca jñānādbhaktiḥ śreṣṭhā bhaktāvapyananyabhaktiḥ śreṣṭhā ityupapāditam|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—arjunake praśnako sunakara bhagavān śrīkṛṣṇa atyanta prasanna hokara kahane lage—“jo loga mere śyāmasundararūpameṃ manoniveśapūrvaka guṇātītā śraddhāke sātha sadā-sarvadā ananya bhāvase marī upāsanā karate haiṃ, maiṃ aise bhaktoṃko hī sarvaśreṣṭha yogī samajhatā hūm̐|” aise ananya bhaktagaṇa hī yathārthameṃ śreṣṭhatama yogī haiṃ| jñāna-karma ādise miśra bhaktiyukta yogī śreṣṭhatara haiṃ| isalie jñānayogakī apekṣā bhaktiyoga śreṣṭha ‘śraddhā śabde—viśvāsa kahe sudṛr̤ha niścaya| kṛṣṇabhakti kaile sarvakarma kṛta haya||' (cai. ca. ma. 22/62) arthāt, vaha niścayātmaka viśvāsa ki śrīkṛṣṇakī hī bhakti karanese pāyā jātā hai— ‘śraddhā tu anyopāya varjaṃ kṛṣṇonmukhī cittavṛtti viśeṣaḥ|’ arthāt, anya upāyoṃse rahita kevala śrīkṛṣṇake prati unmukha cittavṛttiko hī śraddhā kahate haiṃ| śrīmadbhāgavatameṃ cāra prakārakī śraddhākā ullekha hai— ‘sāttvikyādhyātmikī śraddhā karmaśraddhā tu rājasī| tāmasya dharme yā śraddhā matsevāyāntu nirguṇā||' (śrīmadbhā. 11/25/27)
12.4
śrīviśvanātha—madīya-nirviśeṣabrahmasvarūpopāsakāstu duḥkhitvāttato nyūnā ityāha—ye tviti dvābhyām| akṣaraṃ brahma, anirdeśyaṃ śabdena vyapadeṣṭumaśakyam, yato'vyaktaṃ rūpādihīnam, sarvatragaṃ sarvadeśavyāpyacintyaṃ tarkāgamyam, kūṭasthaṃ sarvakālavyāpi,—“ekarūpatayā tu yaḥ kālavyāpī sa kūṭasthaḥ” ityamaraḥ| acalaṃ vṛddhyādirahitam dhruvaṃ nityam| māmevetyakṣarasya tasya matto bhedābhāvāt||3-4||
saṃyamitakara sarvatra samadarśana aura samasta prāṇiyoṃke hita sādhanameṃ tatpara hokara mere akṣaya, anirdeśya, avyakta aura nirviśeṣa brahmasvarūpakī upāsanā karate haiṃ, ve bahuta kleśakara sādhanake paścāt mujhameṃ hī sthiti lābha tāratamya hai| brahma śrīkṛṣṇakī aṅgakānti hai arthāt kṛṣṇake kevala cid aṃśakī asampūrṇa abhivyakti hai, isalie nirviśeṣa brahmako pānevāle arthāt sāyujya muktiko pānevāle prakārāntarase śrīkṛṣṇake hī āśrita hue| kintu, ‘sālokyasārṣṭisāmīpyasārūpyaikatvamapyuta | dīyamānaṃ na gṛhṇanti vinā matsevanaṃ janāḥ ||’ (śrīmadbhā. 3/29/13) yahām̐ kucha loga aisā samajhate haiṃ ki saccidānanda mūrtti śyāmasundara śrīkṛṣṇakī upāsanākī apekṣā akṣara brahmakī upāsanā śreṣṭha hai, kintu svayaṃ bhagavān śrīkṛṣṇa suspaṣṭa rūpase apane ananya bhaktoṃko hī sarvaśreṣṭha batā rahe haiṃ tathā nirākāra nirviśeṣa brahmake upāsakoṃko unase nikṛṣṭa isakī upāsanā kaṣṭakara honeke kāraṇa sādhāraṇa loga use karanemeṃ asamartha hai, kintu saguṇa sākāra upāsanā sahajasādhya honeke kāraṇa ise sabhī kara svayaṃko akṣara tathā kūṭasthase śreṣṭha batalāyā hai| gītāke ṭīkākāra śrībaladeva vidyābhūṣaṇa, śrīrāmānujācārya ādine akṣara-svarūpako jīva-svarūpa athavā pratyagātma-svarūpa batāyā hai—akṣaraṃ jīvasvarūpaṃ (baladeva), pratyagātmā (rāmānuja)| puruṣottamasvarūpa parabrahmako adhyāyakā pandrahavām̐ tathā sohalavām̐ śloka draṣṭavya hai—‘kūṭastho'kṣara ucyate’, ‘uttamaḥ puruṣastvanyaḥ’ (gītā 15/15-16)| isake atirikta brahmopāsaka loga jīvako hī brahma mānate haiṃ—‘jīvo brahmaiva nāparaḥ’| ve loga kahate
12.5
śrīviśvanātha—tarhi kenāṃśe teṣāmapakarṣastatrāha—kleśa iti| na kenāpi vyajyate ityavyaktaṃ brahma tatraivāsaktacetasāṃ tadevānuvubhūṣūṇāṃ teṣāṃ tatprāptau kleśo'dhikataraḥ; hi yasmādavyaktā gatiḥ kenāpi prakāreṇa vyaktībhavati, sā gatirdehavadbhirjīvairduḥkhaṃ yathā bhavatyevamavāpyate| tathā hīndriyāṇāṃ śabdādijñānaviśeṣa eva śaktiḥ, na tu viśeṣetarajñāne iti| ata indriyanirodhasteṣāṃ nirviśeṣajñānamicchatāmavaśya-karttavya eva| indriyāṇāṃ nirodhastu srotasvatīnāmiva nirodho duṣkara eva, yaduktaṃ sanatkumāreṇa—"yatpādapaṅkajapalāśavilāsabhaktyā, karmāśayaṃ grathitamudgrathayanti santaḥ| tadvanna riktamatayo yatayo niruddha-sroto gaṇāstamaraṇaṃ bhaja vāsudevam||" "kleśo mahāniha bhavārṇavamaplaveśaṃ, ṣaḍvarganakramasukhena titīrṣayanti| tat tvaṃ harerbhagavato bhajanīyamaṅghriṃ kṛtvoḍupaṃ vyasanamuttara dustarārṇam|" iti tāvatā kleśenāpi sā gatiryadyavāpyate, tadapi bhaktimiśreṇaiva| bhagavati bhaktiṃ vinā kevalabrahmopāsakānāntu kevala kleśa eva lābho, na tu brahmaprāptiḥ, yaduktaṃ brahmaṇā-“teṣāmasau kleśala eva śiṣyate nānyadyathā sthūlatuṣāvaghātinām” iti|
bhāvānuvāda—to phira unakā (jñāniyoṃkā) apakarṣa kisa prakāra huā? cetasāṃ’ haiṃ arthāt use anubhava karaneke abhilāṣī haiṃ, unheṃ usakī prāptimeṃ jñānake icchuka logoṃke lie indriyoṃkā nirodha karanā nitānta āvaśyaka karttavya hai| kintu, indriyoṃkā nirodha nadiyoṃke pravāhako nirodha karaneke samāna duṣkara hai, jaisā ki sanatkumārane kahā hai—“bhaktagaṇa bhagavānke pādapadmake patrasadṛśa aṅguliyoṃkī kāntikā bhaktipūrvaka smaraṇa karate-karate jisa prakāra karmavāsanāmaya hṛdayagranthikā anāyāsa hī chedana karate haiṃ, karanemeṃ samartha nahīṃ hote| ataeva indriya nigrahādikī ceṣṭā chor̤akara śrīvāsudevakā bhajana karo|” “jo indriyādi ghar̤iyāloṃse paripūrṇa isa saṃsāra-samudrako yogādi dvārā uttīrṇa honekī icchā karate haiṃ, bhava samudrako pāra karanekī naukāke samāna bhagavadāśrayake binā unheṃ atyanta kleśa hotā banākara isa vyasana-saṅkula sudustara samudrase uttīrṇa hoveṃ|” (śrīmadbhā. to bhaktikī sahāyatāse hī| bhagavānkī bhaktike binā kevala brahmakī upāsanā jaisā ki brahmājīne kahā hai- “unheṃ cāvalakī bhūsī kūṭaneke samāna kevala
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti- nirviśeṣa brahmake upāsakoṃko sādhana aura siddhi binā kisī prakārakā phala denemeṃ asamartha hai| nirviśeṣa brahmopāsaka gauṇarūpameṃ unheṃ gauṇaphala arthāt brahmajñānakī prāpti karākara antarhita ho jātī haiṃ, isalie ye brahmopāsakagaṇa parama upādeya bhagavānke nāma-rūpaguṇa-līlā ādike āsvādanase vañcita rahate haiṃ| ve ātmavināśasvarūpa śrīmadbhāgavata (10/14/4) meṃ 'śreyaḥ sṛtiṃ bhaktimudasya te vibho' ślokake dvārā nirviśeṣa jñāniyoṃke sādhana aura sādhya donoṃ hī avasthāoṃko kleśakara parama sukhakara evaṃ parama maṅgalaprada batalāī gaī hai‘yatpādapaṅkajapalāśavilāsabhaktyā karmāśayaṃ grathitamudgrathayanti santaḥ| tadvanna riktamatayo yatayo'pi ruddhasrotogaṇāstamaraṇaṃ bhaja vāsudevam||' (śrīmadbhā. 4/22/39) 'saṃsārasindhumatidustaramuttitīrṣornānyaḥ plavo bhagavataḥ puruṣottamasya| līlākathārasaniṣevaṇamantareṇa puṃso bhaved vividhaduḥkhadavārditasya||' (śrīmadbhā. 12/4/40) arthāt, vividha prakārake kleśajanaka dāvānalase jhulase hue atyanta dustara samudrako pāra karanekī abhilāṣā rakhanevāle vyaktiyoṃke lie puruṣottama bhagavān śrīharikī līlā-kathāoṃke rasa-sevanake atirikta aura atisahaja hī parātpara vastukā anuśīlanakara phalakālameṃ nirbhaya hokara use prāpta karate haiṃ| jñānayogī sarvadā avyakta tattvameṃ niṣṭhāvān hokara sādhanakāla ativāhita (vyatīta) karanese pahale hī mere nitya svarūpakī nitya-cinmaya vastu hai| jīva yadi avyakta avasthāmeṃ līna ho jāya, avyaktakā dhyāna ārambha karanese vaha jīva duḥkharūpa phala hī lābha ataeva avyakta bhāvako kevala jīvakā svarūpavirodhī aura duḥkhajanaka bhāvake rūpameṃ hī jānanā cāhie| bhaktiyoga hī jīvake lie maṅgalajanaka hai| jñānayoga bhaktise rahita, svatantra honepara sarvatra amaṅgala hī utpanna karatā hai|”—śrībhaktivinoda ṭhākura|
12.7
śrīviśvanātha-bhaktānāntu jñānaṃ vinaiva kevalayā bhaktyaiva sukhena saṃsārānmuktirityāha-ye tviti| mayi matprāptyarthaṃ saṃnyasya tyaktvā sannyāsaśabdasya tyāgāārthatvāt, ananyenaiva jñāna-karma-tapasyādirahitenaiva yogena bhaktiyogena| yaduktaṃ - “yat karmabhiryattapasā jñānavairāgyataśca yat” ityanantaraṃ “sarvaṃ madbhaktiyogena maddkto labhate'ñjasā| svargāpavargaṃ maddhāma kathañcidyadi vāñchati||” iti, mokṣadharme nārāyaṇīye ca-“yā vai sādhanasampattiḥ puruṣārthacatuṣṭaye| tayā vinā tadāpnoti naro nārāyaṇāśrayaḥ||” iti| nanu tadapi teṣāṃ saṃsārataraṇe kaḥ prakāra iti cet? satyam, teṣāṃ saṃsārataraṇaprakāre jijñāsā naiva jāyate, yatastatprakāraṃ vinaivāhameva tāṃstārayāmītyāha-teṣāmiti| tena bhagavato bhakteṣveva vātsalyaṃ na tu jñāniṣviti dhvaniḥ||6-7||
bhāvānuvāda-śrībhagavān kahate haiṃ-“jñānake binā kevala bhakti dvārā hī bhaktagaṇa sukhapūrvaka saṃsārase mukta hote haiṃ| yahām̐ saṃnyāsa śabdakā tātparya karma-jñāna-tapādise rahita hokara ananya bhaktise merī upāsanā karate haiṃ, ve sukhapūrvaka saṃsārase mukta hote haiṃ|” jaisā ki śrīmadbhāgavata sādhana-sampatti hai, śrīnārāyaṇake āśrita manuṣya una sabako sādhanake binā hī prāpta kara lete haiṃ|”
yadi praśna ho ki phira saṃsārase pāra honekā unakā kyā prakāra prakāra saṃsārase uttīrṇa hoṃge| kyoṃki, sādhanake binā hī, maiṃ hī unakā uddhāra karatā hūm̐|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—uparokta donoṃ ślokoṃmeṃ śrībhagavān apanī ananyā bhaktike dvārā ananya bhakta bhagavat-kṛpāse bar̤ī sugamatāse bhavasāgarako pārakara parama ānandamayī bhagavat-premasevāko prāpta kara lete haiṃ| brahmakī pratiṣṭhā arthāt āśraya svayaṃ kṛṣṇa hī haiṃ, ye kṛṣṇa paramātmāke svarūpako jānakara bhaktoṃke saṅgameṃ kevalā bhaktikā āśraya grahaṇa karate haiṃ| inako pūrvokta kathita nirviśeṣa, nirākāra upāsakoṃkī bhām̐ti sādhana bhagavānkī premamayī sevāko prāpta kara lete haiṃ| aisī kevalā bhaktikā āśraya karanevāle bhaktoṃkā paricaya dete hue śrībhagavān kahate haiṃ ki aise aikāntika bhaktiparāyaṇa bhaktajana apane-apane varṇa-āśramake vihita samasta karmoṃko bhaktikā vighna samajhakara, unheṃ sampūrṇa rūpase tyāgakara, merī premamayī sevāko hī ekamātra puruṣārtha samajhakara, mere nāma-rūpa-guṇa-līlā ityādike śravaṇa-kīrttana-smaraṇarūpa mere ananya bhaktiyoga dvārā merī upāsanā karate mujhameṃ tanmaya ho jāte haiṃ| aise mujhameṃ āviṣṭa evaṃ anuraktacitta bhaktako maiṃ isa dustara saṃsāra-samudrase śīghra hī pāra kara detā hūm̐| inheṃ jñāniyoṃ nahīṃ karanī par̤atī| yahām̐ taka ki ve merī prāptike viṣayameṃ vilamba nahīṃ sahana kara pāte, isalie maiṃ unheṃ garur̤ake pīṭhapara ārohaṇa karākara atyanta śīghra apane dhāmameṃ le ātā hūm̐| jñāniyoṃ evaṃ yogiyoṃkī bhām̐ti unheṃ arci ādi gatiyoṃke kramase mukti lābha nahīṃ karanī par̤atī| maiṃ svayaṃ svecchāpūrvaka unako māyika saṃsārase mukta karākara apane dhāmameṃ lākara, apanī premamayī sevāmeṃ niyukta kara detā hūm̐| śārīrika aura sāmājika karmoṃko sampūrṇarūpeṇa merī bhaktike adhīnakara svīkāra karate haiṃ evaṃ matsambandhīya ananya bhaktiyoga dvārā mere nitya logoṃko maiṃ atiśīghra hī mṛtyu-saṃsāra-sāgarase pāra kara detā hūm̐ arthāt baddhāvasthāmeṃ māyika saṃsārase mukti dāna karatā hūm̐ evaṃ māyābandhanake naṣṭa
12.8
śrīviśvanātha—yasmānmadbhaktireva śreṣṭhā, tasmāttvaṃ bhaktimeva kurviti tāmupadiśati—mayyeveti tribhiḥ| eva-kāreṇa nirviśeṣavyāvṛttiḥ| mayi śyāmasundare pītāmbare vanamālini mana ādhatsva matsmaraṇaṃ kurvityarthaḥ| tathā mayi buddhiṃ vivekavatīṃ niveśaya, manmananaṃ kurvityarthaḥ| tacca mananaṃ dhyānapratipādakaśāstravākyānuśīlanam, tataśca mayyeva nivasiṣyasīticchāndasam, matsamīpa eva nivāsaṃ prāpsyasītyarthaḥ|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—yahām̐ śrīkṛṣṇa kucha ślokoṃmeṃ apane ananya bhaktoṃ dvārā apanāyī jānevālī sādhana-praṇālīkā varṇana kara rahe haiṃ| unhoṃne arjunako sarvaprathama yaha kahā ki arjuna! maiṃ varṇāśrama dharmakā tyāgakara mere parāyaṇa ananya bhaktako śīghra hī saṃsāra-sāgarase uddhārakara premamayī sevā pradāna karatā hūm̐| ataḥ tuma parabrahma parātparatattva mujhameṃ hī apane manako samāhita karo arthāt apane cittase sārī viṣaya-vāsanāoṃko dūrakara mujhameṃ hī apane cittako nimagna rakho| saṅkalpātmaka aura vikalpātmaka manako sāre viṣaya-bhogoṃse nivṛttakara bhagavat-viṣayameṃ niviṣṭa karaneke lie buddhiko śrībhagavānmeṃ arpaṇa karanā āvaśyaka hai| vyavasāyātmikā buddhike dvārā bhagavat-svarūpase avagata hokara, unhīṃko ekamātra sevya jānakara, unhīṃke śravaṇa-kīrttana-smaraṇa ādi sādhanake dvārā buddhivṛttiko bhagavat-viṣayīṇī karanepara usake adhīna mana bhī apane āpa bhagavat-cintanameṃ nimagna ho sakegā| aisā honepara hī tuma sarvadā mere sānnidhyameṃ hī nivāsa kara sakoge| ataeva śrībhagavān arjunako lakṣyakara hama sabhīko yaha upadeśa de ākāra, nityasvarūpameṃ hī manoniveśapūrvaka unakā nirantara smaraṇa karanā sādhana bhaktike sarvocca phalasvarūpa pārṣada gati evaṃ nirupādhika premakī
12.9
śrīviśvanātha—sākṣāt-smaraṇāsamarthaṃ prati tatprāptyupāyamāha atheti| abhyāsayogena anyatrānyatra gatamapi manaḥ punaḥ punaḥ pratyāhṛtya madrūpa eva sthāpanamabhyāsaḥ, sa eva yogastena| prākṛtatvāditi kutsitarūparasādiṣu calantyā mano-nadyāsteṣu calanaṃ nirudhyātisubhadreṣu madīyarūparasādiṣu taccalanaṃ śanaiḥ śanaiḥ sampādayetyarthaḥ| he dhanañjayeti-bahūn śatrūn jitvā dhanamāhṛtavatā tvayā mano'pi jitvā dhyānadhanaṃ grahītuṃ śakyameveti bhāvaḥ|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—śrībhagavānne pūrvaślokameṃ sabako apane prati ekaniṣṭha hokara ananya bhāvase mana aura buddhiko apanemeṃ niviṣṭa karanekā upadeśa diyā| yadi koī yaha praśna kare ki jinakī manovṛtti sāgarakī ora abhimukha gaṅgākī bhām̐ti bar̤e vegase śrībhagavānke prati pradhāvita hotī upāyase bhagavānko prāpta kara pāem̐ge? isake uttarameṃ śrībhagavānne dūsarī sthira bhāvase samāhita karanemeṃ asamartha haiṃ, unako abhyāsa yogake dvārā anyānya viṣayoṃmeṃ ākṛṣṭa cittako dhīre-dhīre pratyāhāra kara mujhameṃ sthāpana abhyāsa yogake dvārā citta dhīre-dhīre mere prati āsakta honese merī prāpti sulabha ho sakegī| “jisa nirupādhika premake viṣayakā ullekha kiyā, use mat-niṣṭha antaḥkaraṇakā vyāpāra jāno| isake sādhanake lie abhyāsakā prayojana pakṣameṃ abhyāsayoga hī śreyaskara hai|”—śrībhaktivinoda ṭhākura|
12.10
śrīviśvanātha—abhyāse'pīti—yathā pittadūṣitā rasanā matsyaṇḍikāṃ necchati tathaivāvidyā-dūṣitaṃ manastvadrūpādikaṃ madhuramapi na gṛhṇātītyatastena durgraheṇa mahāprabalena manasā saha yoddhuṃ mayā naiva śakyate iti manyase cediti bhāvaḥ| matkarmāṇi paramāṇi yasya saḥ| karmāṇi madīya-śravaṇakīrttanavandanārcana-manmandiramārjanābhyukṣaṇapuṣpāharaṇādi-paricaraṇāni kurvan vināpi matsmaraṇaṃ siddhiṃ premavatpārṣadatvalakṣaṇāṃ prāpsyasīti |
maiṃ samartha nahīṃ hūm̐ arthāt jisa prakāra pittase dūṣita jihvā miśrīkī icchā yuddha karanemeṃ sakṣama nahīṃ hūm̐, to śravaṇa karo—tuma mere śreṣṭha karmoṃko karatā huā arthāt merī kathākā śravaṇa, kīrttana, vandana, arcana, mere mandira-mārjana, prokṣaṇa, puṣpacayana, paricaryādi karate-karate mere smaraṇake binā hī premavat-pārṣadatva-lakṣaṇā siddhi prāpta karoge|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—śrīkṛṣṇane pūrvaślokameṃ abhyāsayogakā avalambana karanekā upadeśa diyā, kintu arjunane bar̤ī namratāke sātha aise parama durnivāra manako abhyāsa yogake dvārā viṣayoṃse pratyāhāra karanekī karanā cāhie?’’ muskarāte hue śrīkṛṣṇane eka tīsarī vyavasthā dī—yadi koī abhyāsayogameṃ bhī asamartha ho, to use paramārtha arthāt bhaktike anukūla
12.11
śrīviśvanātha—etadapi kartumaśaktaścettarhi maddyogamāśritaḥ mayi sarvakarmasamarpaṇam, madyogastamāśritaḥ san sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṃ prathamaṣaṭkoktaṃ kuru| ayamarthaḥ—prathamaṣaṭke bhagavadarpitaniṣkāmakarmayoga eva mokṣopāya uktaḥ; dvitīyaṣaṭke'smin bhaktiyoge eva bhagavatprāptyupāya uktaḥ| sa ca bhaktiyogo dvividhaḥ—bhagavanniṣṭho'ntaḥkaraṇavyāpāro bahiṣkaraṇavyāpāraśca| tatra prathamastrividhaḥ—smaraṇātmako, mananātmakaścākhaṇḍasmaraṇāsāmarthye tadanurāgināṃ tadabhyāsarūpaśceti trika evāyaṃ mandadhiyāṃ durgamaḥ, sudhiyāṃ niraparādhānāntu sugama eva; dvitīyaḥ śravaṇakīrttanātmakastu sarveṣāmeva sugama evopāyaḥ| evamubhayopāyavanto'dhikāriṇaḥ sarvataḥ prakṛṣṭā dvitīyaṣaṭke'sminnuktāḥ| etatkṛtya'samarthā indriyāṇāṃ bhagavanniṣṭhīkṛtāvaśraddhālavaśca bhagavadarpitaniṣkāmakarmiṇaḥ prathamaṣaṭkoktādhikāriṇo'smānnikṛṣṭā eveti|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—pūrvaślokameṃ śrīkṛṣṇane ‘matkarmaparamo bhava’ ke dvārā bhagavānke mandirakā mārjana, puṣpavāṭikā, tulasīkānanakā siñcana ādikā upadeśa diyā| ise sunakara arjunane socā ki yadi koī mahākulīna vaṃśameṃ janma grahaṇa karaneke kāraṇa aise sarala, sahaja aura sukhakara bhagavat-sevā kāryoṃko tuccha samajhe athavā loka samājameṃ eka pratiṣṭhita vyakti honeke kāraṇa aise sevā-kāryoṃko karanemeṃ asamartha ho, to use kyā karanā cāhie? bhagavān śrīkṛṣṇa unake manobhāvako samajhakara varttamāna rahanepara sādhakako bhagavadarpita niṣkāma karmayogakā avalambana karanā hī ucita hai|” jar̤īya abhimānavaśataḥ hameṃ śrīmandira-mārjana ādi sevāoṃse apane hāthoṃse śrīmandira-mārjana ādi sevāoṃmeṃ sadā-sarvadā tatpara rahate the| śrīcaitanya caritāmṛtake anusāra mahārāja pratāparudra śrījagannātha purī dhāmake prasiddha śrījagannātha devakī rathayātrāke avasarapara śrīrathake sāmane jhāḍū denekī sevā karate the| unakī aisī sevāko dekhakara śrīcaitanya mahāprabhu atyanta santuṣṭa hue the| isalie śrīguruvargake nirdeśānusāra śrībhagavānkī apaneko śreṣṭha mānakara mandira-mārjana ādi sevāoṃko tuccha samajhanepara paramārthase cyuta ho jānā par̤atā hai|
yadi koī bar̤appana ādike kāraṇa bhagavat-upadiṣṭa sevā-kāryoṃko karanemeṃ asamartha ho, to karuṇāmaya bhagavān śrīkṛṣṇa vaise logoṃke lie kāmanāse rahita hokara kareṃ aura usakā phala bhagavānko arpaṇa kareṃ|
śrībhagavānne kramānusāra cāra śreṇiyoṃke adhikāriyoṃke lie cāra prakārakā vidhāna diyā hai-
(1) bhagavat-svarūpameṃ manako sthirakara bhagavānke nāma, rūpa, guṇa, līlā ādikā śravaṇa, kīrttana, smaraṇa ādike mādhyamase nirupādhika prema lābha karanekā yatna kareṃge| yaha svābhāvika anurāgakā (rāgānugā) mārga hai|
(2) jo loga uparokta anurāga mārgase bhagavānmeṃ apane cittako abhyāsa yogakā avalambana karanā hī śreyaskara hai|
bhagavat-karma-parāyaṇa honepara kramaśaḥ abhyāsayogakī siddhi honepara citta śrībhagavānke caraṇakamaloṃmeṃ sthira ho jātā hai| (4) yadi koī śrībhagavānke sevārūpa karmake ācaraṇameṃ bhī asamartha ho, to unake lie śrībhagavānke śaraṇāgata hokara samasta karmaphaloṃkā parityāgakara vaidika karmoṃkā ācaraṇa karanā hī śreyaskara hai| aise karmācaraṇake phalasvarūpa kramaśaḥ sva-svarūpa aura para-svarūpa parābhakti prāptirūpa
12.12.1
śrīviśvanātha—athoktānāṃ smaraṇamananābhyāsānāṃ yathāpūrvaṃ śraiṣṭhyaṃ spaṣṭīkṛtyāha—śreyo hīti| abhyāsājjñānaṃ mayi buddhiṃ niveśayetyuktaṃ manmananaṃ śreyaḥ śreṣṭham; abhyāse satyāyāsata eva dhyānaṃ syāt, manane sati tvanāyāsata eva dhyānamiti viśeṣāt; tasmāt jñānādapi dhyānaṃ viśiṣyate—śreṣṭhamityarthaḥ, kutaḥ? ityata āha—dhyānāt karmaphalānāṃ svargādisukhānāṃ niṣkāmakarmaphalasya mokṣasya ca tyāgastatspṛhārahityaṃ syāt, svataḥ prāptasyāpi tasyopekṣā| niścaladhyānāt pūrvantu bhaktānāmajātaratīnāṃ mokṣatyāgecchaiva bhavet| niścaladhyānavatāṃ tu mokṣopekṣā, saiva mokṣalaghutākāriṇī, yaduktaṃ bhaktirasāmṛtasindhau—“kleśaghnī śubhadā” ityatra ṣaḍbhiḥ padairetanmāhātmyaṃ kīrttitamiti| yaduktam—“na pārameṣṭhyaṃ na mahendradhiṣṇyaṃ na sārvabhaumaṃ na rasādhipatyam| na yogasiddhīrapunarbhavaṃ vā mayyarpitātmecchati maddinānyat|” iti| mayyarpitātmā maddhyānaniṣṭhaḥ| tyāgādvaitṛṣṇyādanantarameva śāntirmadrūpaguṇādikaṃ vinā sarvaviṣayeṣvevendriyāṇāmuparatiḥ| atra pūrvārddhe ‘śreyaḥ’ iti ‘viśiṣyate’ iti padadvayenānvayāduttarārddhetu ‘anantaram’ ityanenaivānvayādeṣaiva vyākhyā samyagupapadyate nānyetyavadheyam | sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—smaraṇātmaka, mananātmaka aura abhyāsātmaka— pūrvokta ina tīna prakārakī bhaktiyoṃmeṃ se abhyāsakī apekṣā mananātmaka jñāna śreṣṭha hai arthāt śrībhagavānmeṃ buddhi niveśarūpa manana hī śreṣṭha hai| mananātmaka jñānakī apekṣā smaraṇātmaka dhyāna śreṣṭha hai, kyoṃki mananātmaka hai|
12.12.2
bhoga, mokṣakī spṛhā dūra honepara bhagavānke rūpa, guṇa ādimeṃ citta āsakta ho jātā hai, aisī sthitimeṃ anyānya viṣayoṃke prati uparati honepara dhyānake abhyāsameṃ asamartha sādhakake lie bhagavadarpita niṣkāma karmayogakā avalambana karanā cāhie| isake dvārā kramaśaḥ śānta cittase bhagavadbhaktikā “he arjuna! ekamātra sādhana-bhakti hī nirupāyika premako prāpta karanekā aura bahiṣkaraṇakā vyāpāra| bhagavat-niṣṭha antaḥkaraṇakā vyāpāra tīna prakārakā hai-smaraṇātmaka, mananātmaka evaṃ abhyāsātmaka| kintu, jinakī sugama hai| ataeva mere sambandhameṃ manana athavā buddhi hī utkṛṣṭa jñāna dhyānakī śreṣṭhatā hai, kyoṃki dhyānake sthira honepara sāmānya svargasukha athavā śrīviśvanātha—etādṛśyāḥ śāntyā bhaktaḥ kīdṛśo bhavatītyapekṣāyāṃ bahuvidhabhaktānāṃ svabhāvabhedānāha—adveṣṭetyaṣṭabhiḥ| adveṣṭā dviṣatsvapi dveṣaṃ na karoti, pratyuta maitro mitratayā varttate, karuṇa eṣāmasadgatirmā bhavatviti buddhyā teṣvapi kṛpāluḥ| nanu kīdṛśena vivekena dviṣatsvapi maitrīkāruṇye syātām, tatra vivekaṃ vinaivetyāha—'nirmamo', 'nirahaṅkāra' iti—putrakalatrādiṣu mamatvābhāvāddehe cāhaṅkārābhāvāt tasya madbhaktasya kvāpi dveṣa eva naiva phalati, kutaḥ punardveṣajanitaduḥkhāntyarthaṃ tena vivekaḥ svakarttavya iti bhāvaḥ| nanu tadapyanyakṛtapādukāmuṣṭiprahārādibhirdehavyathādhīnaṃ duḥkhaṃ kiñcidbhavatyeva? tatrāha—samaduḥkhasukham; yaduktaṃ bhagavatā candrārddhaśekhareṇa—“nārāyaṇaparāḥ sarve na kutaścana bibhyati| svargāpavarganarakeṣvapi tulyārthadarśinaḥ||” iti|
12.12.3
sukhaduḥkhayoḥ sāmyaṃ samadarśitvam, tacca mama prārabdhaphalamidamavaśyabhogyamiti bhāvanāmayaṃ, sāmye'pi sahiṣṇunaiva duḥkhaṃ sahyata ityāha—kṣamī kṣamavān, kṣama sahane dhātuḥ| nanvetādṛśasya bhaktasya jīvikā kathaṃ sidhyet? tatrāha santuṣṭaḥ—yadṛcchopasthite kiñcidyatnopasthite vā bhakṣyavastuni santuṣṭaḥ| nanu samaduḥkhasukha ityuktam tat kathaṃ svabhakṣyamālakṣya santuṣṭa iti tatrāha—'satataṃ yogī' bhaktiyogayukto bhaktisiddhyarthamiti bhāvaḥ| yaduktam—“āhārārthaṃ yatetaiva yuktaṃ tatprāṇadhāraṇam| tattvaṃ vimṛśyate tena tadvijñāya paraṃ vrajet” iti| kiñca daivādaprāptabhakṣyo'pi 'yatātmā' saṃyatacittaḥ kṣobharahita ityarthaḥ| daivāccittakṣobhe satyapi tadupaśamārthamaṣṭāṅgayogābhyāsādikaṃ naiva karotītyāha—dṛr̤haniścayo'nanyabhaktireva me karttavyeti niścayastasya na śithilībhavatītyarthaḥ| sarvatra hetuḥ— mayyarpitamanobuddhirmatsmaraṇamananaparāyaṇa ityarthaḥ| īdṛśo bhaktastu me priyo māmatīprīṇayatītyarthaḥ ||13-14||
12.12.4
bhāvānuvāda—“uparyukta śāntivān bhakta kisa prakārake hote ślokoṃmeṃ aneka prakārake bhaktoṃke svabhāva-bhedake viṣayameṃ batā rahe haiṃ| sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—pūrva-pūrva ślokoṃmeṃ saniṣṭhita aikāntika bhaktoṃke pṛthak-pṛthak sādhanakā varṇanakara sāta ślokoṃmeṃ unake guṇoṃko prati mitrabhāvāpanna hote haiṃ| kisī kāraṇavaśa kisīko duḥkhī dekhakara usake duḥkhako dūra karanekā prayatna karate haiṃ, isalie ve dayālu hote haiṃ| deha aura daihika vastuoṃko prakṛtikā vikāra aura inheṃ ātma-svarūpase bhinna ātma-abhimānase rahita hote haiṃ| sāṃsārika sukha-duḥkha upasthita honepara samajhate haiṃ| kṣamāśīla honeke kāraṇa ve sahiṣṇu hote haiṃ| hāni-lābha, yaśa-apayaśa, jaya-parājaya—sabhī avasthāoṃmeṃ ve prasannacitta honeke kāraṇa yogī haiṃ arthāt śrīgurudeva dvārā pradatta sādhanoṃmeṃ niṣṭhāvān rahate haiṃ| 'yatātmā' haiṃ| unakī mana-buddhi sabhī kucha śrībhagavānke caraṇoṃmeṃ samarpita hote haiṃ, ‘kṛpālu, akṛtadroha, satyasāra, sama| nirdoṣa, vadānya, mṛdu, śuci, akiñcana|| sarvopakāraka, śānta, kṛṣṇaikaśaraṇa| akāma, nirīha, sthira, vijita-ṣaḍguṇa|| mitabhuka, apramatta, mānada, amānī| gambhīra, karuṇa, maitra, kavi, dakṣa, maunī||’ (cai. ca. ma. 22/75-77) ||13-14||
12.15
śrīviśvanātha—kiñca, “yasyāsti bhaktirbhagavatyakiñcanā, sarvairguṇaistatra samāsate surāḥ” ityādyuktermatprītijanakā anye'pi guṇā madbhaktyā muhurabhyastayā svataevotpadyante, tānapi tvaṃ śṛṇvityāha—yasmāditi pañcabhiḥ| harṣādibhiḥ prākṛtairharṣāmarṣabhayodvegairmukta ityādināektānapi kāṃścidguṇān durlabhatvajñāpanārthaṃ punarāha—yo na hṛṣyatīti|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—bhagavān śrīkṛṣṇa bhaktike prabhāvase bhaktoṃmeṃ ślokoṃmeṃ kara rahe haiṃ—pūrvokta samasta prāṇiyoṃmeṃ hiṃsārahita, mitrabhāvāpanna evaṃ dayālu mere bhaktoṃke vyavahārase kisīke bhī aniṣṭa honekī āśaṃkā udvigna nahīṃ kara sakatā| abhīṣṭa viṣayoṃke lābha honepara na unako harṣa ki harṣa, dveṣa, bhaya, udvega ādise mukta bhakta hī mujhe sarvādhika priya haiṃ|
12.16
śrīviśvanātha—anapekṣo vyavahārikakāryāpekṣārahitaḥ, udāsīno vyavahārikalokeṣvanāsaktaḥ, sarvān vyavahārikān dṛṣṭādṛṣṭārthāṃstathā pāramārthikānapi kāṃścit śāstrādhyāpanādīnārambhānudyamān pariharttuṃ śīlaṃ yasya saḥ|
arthāt binā icchāke svataḥ prāpta viṣayameṃ spṛhāśūnya, bāhara-bhītarase pavitra, vedādi śāstroṃke vicāroṃkā sāra grahaṇa karanemeṃ dakṣa, pakṣapātaśūnya, udāsīna,
12.17
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—jo priya putra yā śiṣyako prāptakara ānandase ātmavibhora nahīṃ ho jāte athavā apriya putra yā śiṣya pākara unase dveṣa nahīṃ karate, priya vastuke vināśase śokameṃ magna nahīṃ hote, aprāpta priya
12.19
śrīviśvanātha—aniketaḥ prākṛtasvāspadāsaktiśūnyaḥ|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—śrīkṛṣṇa apane priya bhaktoṃke svābhāvika guṇoṃkā varṇanakara aba do ślokoṃmeṃ usakā upasaṃhāra kara rahe haiṃ—śatru aura mitrake prati samabhāvayukta, māna aura apamānameṃ tulyadarśī, sardī-garmī kisīke dvārā nindita honepara duḥkhī athavā stuti kie jānepara sukhī nahīṃ honevāle, bhagavat-kathāke atirikta kucha nahīṃ bolanevāle, bhagavat-icchāse śarīra-yātrāke upayogī kisī prakārake svādahīna yā svādayukta vastuoṃse santuṣṭa rahanevāle, kisī eka sthānameṃ nivāsa nahīṃ karanevāle, paramārthake viṣayameṃ sthira evaṃ niścayātmaka buddhivāle aise bhakta mujhe priya haiṃ||18-19||
12.20
śrīviśvanātha—uktān bahuvidha-svabhaktaniṣṭhān dharmānupasaṃharan kārtsnyenaitallipsūnāṃ tacchravaṇavicāraṇādiphalamāha—ye tviti| ete bhaktyutthaśāntyutthadharmāḥ, na prākṛtā guṇāḥ— “bhaktyā tuṣyati kṛṣṇo na guṇaiḥ” ityuktikoditaḥ| ‘tu’-bhinnopakrame uktalakṣaṇā bhaktā ekaikasusvabhāvaniṣṭhāḥ| ete tu tatsarvasallakṣaṇepsavaḥ sādhakā api tebhyaḥ siddhebhyo'pi śreṣṭhāḥ, ataevātīveti padam|
sarvaśreṣṭhā sukhamayī sarvasādhyasusādhikā| bhaktirevādbhutaguṇaityadhyāyārtho nirūpitaḥ|| nimbadrākṣe iva jñānabhaktī yadyapi darśite| ādrīyete tadapyete tattadāsvāda-lobhibhiḥ|| iti sārārthavarṣiṇyāṃ harṣiṇyāṃ bhaktacetasām| gītāsu dvādaśo'dhyāyaḥ saṅgataḥ saṅgataḥ satām||
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—aba adhyāyakā upasaṃhāra karate hue bhagavān priya haiṃ| bhaktike dvārā hī bhagavān santuṣṭa hote haiṃ, kevala guṇoṃke dvārā nahīṃ| bhaktoṃmeṃ bhaktike prabhāvase samasta guṇa svābhāvika rūpameṃ hī udita 'yasyāsti bhaktirbhagavatyakiñcanā sarvairguṇaistatra samāsate surāḥ| harāvabhaktasyakuto mahadguṇā manorathenāsati dhāvato bahiḥ||' (śrīmadbhā. 5/18/12) śreṣṭha hai—yahī dvādaśa adhyāyakā tātparya hai|” śrībaladeva vidyābhūṣaṇa prabhune likhā hai—“samasta prakārake sādhanoṃmeṃ ekamātra mahāprabhāvaśālī śuddhā bhakti hī binā kleśake śīghra hī “jo mere parāyaṇa hokara śraddhāsahita ānupūrvika (kramapūrvaka) mere dvārā varṇita dharmāmṛtakī upāsanā karate haiṃ, ve hī mere bhakta haiṃ, ataeva mere atyanta priya haiṃ| mere dvārā ukta kramonnati-pathase jīvako nirūpādhika prema
Linked texts (1)
- Bhagavadgītā — Vyāsa, Sanskrit