[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [General works and doxographies](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all) › [Sarvadarshanasangraha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha) › 1.18 # Sarvadarshanasangraha 1.18 Sarvadarśanasaṅgraha 1.18 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [1.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha.1.18) tatra pṛthivyādīni bhūtāni catvāri tattvāni/ tebhya eva dehākārapariṇatebhyaḥ kiṇvādibhyo madaśaktivac caitanyam upajāyate/ teṣu vinaṣṭeṣu satsu svayaṃ vinaśyati/ tad āhuḥ: vijñānaghana evaitebhyo bhūtebhyaḥ samutthāya tāny evānuvinaśyati na pretya saṃjñāsti iti/ taccaitanyaviśiṣṭadeha evātmā/ dehātirikta ātmani pramāṇābhāvāt/ pratyakṣaikapramāṇavāditayānumānāder anaṅgīkāreṇa prāmāṇyābhāvāt/ aṅganādyāliṅganādijanyaṃ sukham eva puruṣārthaḥ/ na cāsya duḥkhasaṃbhinnatayā puruṣārthatvam eva nāstīti mantavyam/ avarjanīyatayā prāptasya duḥkhasya parihāreṇa sukhamātrasyaiva bhoktavyatvāt/ tad yathā matsyārthī saśalkān sakaṇṭakān matsyān upādatte sa yāvad ādeyaṃ tāvad ādāya nivartate/ yathā vā dhānyārthī sapalālāni dhānyāny āharati sa yāvad ādeyaṃ tāvad ādāya nivartate/ tasmād duḥkhabhayān nānukūlavedanīyaṃ sukhaṃ tyaktum ucitam/ na hi mṛgāḥ santīti śālayo nopyante/ na hi bhikṣukāḥ santīti sthālyo nādhiśrīyante/ yadi kaścid bhīrur dṛṣṭaṃ sukhaṃ tyajet tarhi sa paśuvan mūrkho bhavet/ tad uktam: > In this school the four elements, earth, &c., are the original principles; from these alone, when transformed into the body, intelligence is produced, just as the inebriating power is developed from the mixing of certain ingredients;\[2\] and when these are destroyed, intelligence at once perishes also. They quote the Śruti for this \[Bṛhad Āraṇy. Up. ii. 4, 12\], "Springing forth from these elements, itself solid knowledge, it is destroyed when they are destroyed,—after death no intelligence remains."\[3\] Therefore the soul is only the body distinguished by the attribute of intelligence, since there is no evidence for any soul distinct from the body, as such cannot be proved, since this school holds that perception is the only source of knowledge and does not allow inference, &c. > — Edward Byles Cowell & Archibald Edward Gough 1882, The Sarva-darśana-saṃgraha, or Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy > The only end of man is enjoyment produced by sensual pleasures. Nor may you say that such cannot be called the end of man as they are always mixed with some kind of pain, because it is our wisdom to enjoy the pure pleasure as far as we can, and to avoid the pain which inevitably accompanies it; just as the man who desires fish takes the fish with their scales and bones, and having taken as many as he wants, desists; or just as the man who desires rice, takes the rice, straw and all, and having taken as much as he wants, desists. It is not therefore for us, through a fear of pain, to reject the pleasure which our nature instinctively recognises as congenial. Men do not refrain from sowing rice, because forsooth there are wild animals to devour it; nor do they refuse to set the cooking-pots on the fire, because forsooth there are beggars to pester us for a share of the contents. If any one were so timid as to forsake a visible pleasure, he would indeed be foolish like a beast, as has been said by the poet— > — Edward Byles Cowell & Archibald Edward Gough 1882, The Sarva-darśana-saṃgraha, or Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy - [Previous: 1.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha.1.17) - [Next: 1.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha.1.19) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha.1) ## Translations (2) - [The Sarva-darśana-saṃgraha, or Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha~en-cowell.1.p4) — Edward Byles Cowell & Archibald Edward Gough 1882, English - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha~en-mt.1.18) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [Bārhaspatyasūtra (fragments)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nastika.carvaka.brhaspatisutra*fragments.1.5) — Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha.1.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha.1.18) · Pramāṇa