[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Exegesis of the Vedic ritual (Pūrvamīmāṃsā)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa) › [Kumārila's school](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta) › [Vidhirasayana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana) › 8.19.p1 # Vidhirasayana 8.19.p1 Vidhirasāyana 8.19.p1 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [8.19.p1.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.1) evaṃ hi pūrvamuktam-yasmāt prathamaśravaṇe śabdo'rthaṃ na pratyāyayati, tasmānnāsya svābhāvikamindriyavat pratyāyakatvam | 'asyāyamarthaḥ' iti puruṣeṇa kathite pratyāyayati tato nūnamasya puruṣakṛtaṃ pratyāyakatvamiti pauruṣeya eva sambandha iti tatrābhidhīyate-na hi 'asyāyamarthaḥ' iti sambandhakaraṇamidaṃ, prasiddhasambandhakathanaṃ hyetat | kathamavagamyate ?, arthāntarakathane bahubhirnivāraṇāt - yo hi kaścit kasmai cid gośabdasyāśvaṃ gavayaṃ vā'rthamāha tamanye bahavo nivārayanti-nāyamasyārthaḥ, sāsnādimānasyārtha iti | sambandhakriyāpakṣe ca devadattādivad yenaiva sambandhaḥ kriyate sa evārtha iti nivāraṇaṃ nopapadyate, tasmānna tāvadarvācīnāḥ puruṣā asya śabdasyāyamartho'syāyamartha iti vadantopi tatsambandhakartṛtvenāśaṅkanīyāḥ yadi paramevaṃ syāt 1- sargādikāle bhagavatā prajāpatinā sarvameva sthāvarajaṅgamaṃ dharmādharmau ca sṛṣṭvā saṃvyavahārāya ca śabdānāmakaiḥ sambandhaṃ kṛtvā dharmodharmapratipādanāya ca kṛtasambandhaiḥ padairvedān kṛtvā''tmajebhyo marīcyādibhyaḥ śabdārthasambandho vedāśca pratipāditāstairapyanyebhyastairapyanyebhya ityevaṃ pūrvapūrvebhyaḥ pratipadyottarottareṣāṃ śabdārthapratipattirvyavahāraśceti ### [8.19.p1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.2) tadapyayuktam-itthambhāve pramāṇābhāvāt | prathamaśrutāva'pratītireva pramāṇam-sāmayikatve hyapratipannasamayānāmapratītiḥ pratipannasamayānāṃ ca pratītirdevadattādiśabdavadupapannā bhavati, svābhāvika tu pratyāyakatve prathamaśravaṇepi pratītiḥ syāditi cet 1, na svābhāvikamapi pratyāyakatvamavagataṃ sada'rthapratipattau nimittaṃ nā'pratipannamiti yuktaiva prathamaśravaṇe'rthasyā'pratītiḥ| naca sargādirnāma kaścitkālo'sti, sarvadā hīdṛśameva jagaditi dṛṣṭānusārārdavagantumucitam nanu sa kālo'bhūt yadā sarvamidaṃ nāsīditi, ? pramāṇābhāvāt mantrārthavādetihāsapurāṇādi pramāṇamiti cet ?, ' na, vedānāṃ pauruṣeyasambandhāpekṣiṇāṃ svayaṃ ca pauruṣeyāṇāṃ śākyādigranthavada'tīndriyārthe prāmāṇyāsambhavāt, tadaprāmāṇye ca tanmūlānāṃ dharmaśāstrādīnāṃ dūranirastameva prāmāṇyam| sarvābhāve ca sṛṣṭirapi na sambhavati mṛttantvāyupādānena hi ghaṭādīnyupādīyante, sarvābhāve hi kenopādānena sarvamidamupādeyam ? syānmatam-ātmaivaiko jagadādāvāsīt sa eva svecchayā vyomādiprapañcarūpeṇa pariṇamati bījamiva vṛkṣarūpeṇa | cidekarasaṃ brahma kathaṃ jaḍarūpeṇa pariṇamatīti cet ?, na paramārthataḥ pariṇāmaṃ brūmaḥ, kiṃ tvapariṇatameva pariṇatavat ekameva sadanekadhā mukhamivādarśādiṣu avidyāvaśād vivartamānamātmaivātmānaṃ cidrūpaṃ jaḍarūpamiva advitīyaṃ sadvitīyamiva paśyati, seyamavidyopādānā svapnaprapañcavanmahadādiprapañcasṛṣṭiḥ tathā ca-“ sarvaṃ khalvidaṃ brahma ” “ātmaivedaṃ sarvam” “neha nānāsti kiṃ cana” ityādayo bahavo'dvaitavādāḥ | tathā-“indro māyābhiḥ pururūpa īyate” iti ### [8.19.p1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.3) bhedāvagatervyaktameva māyānibandhanatvaṃ darśitam | tathā “ lokāstaṃ parāduryo'nyatrātmano lokān veda” ityādinā'nātmadarśane nindā, “mṛtyoḥ sa mṛtyumāpnoti ya iha nāneva paśyati” iti ca nānātvadarśananindā, sarvamidamadvitīyameva brahma pāramārthikam, bhedadṛṣṭiścāvidyopādānetyetamarthaṃ prakaṭayatīti kimidānīmasannevāyaṃ prapañcaḥ ?, omiti cet ?, na, pratyakṣavirodhāt, yathā ca pratyakṣaṃ prapañcasadbhāvagrāhakaṃ tathoktaṃ pratyakṣasūtre | na cāgamena pratyakṣabādhaḥ saṃbhavati pratyakṣasya śīghrapravṛttatvena sarvebhyo balīyastvāt na ca paurvāparyanyāyena pravṛttameva pratyakṣamamāgamena paścādvādhyata iti vācyam, āgamasya pratyakṣeṇa pravṛttivirodhāt-āgamapravṛttisamaye'pi hi bhedaprapañcamupadarśayat pratyakṣamapravṛttimeva niruṇaddhi, yathā khalūtpattumupakramamāṇa eva ghaṭo daṇḍenā''hanyamāno notpattuṃ prabhavati tathā''gamopi | kiṃ ca prapañcābhāvaṃ pratiyatā'vaśyamāgamòpi prapañcāntargatatvāda'sadrūpatayā pratyetavyaḥ kathaṃ cāgamenaivāgamasyābhāvaḥ pratīyeta ? | asadrūpatayā hi pratīyamāno na kasya cidapyarthasya pramāṇaṃ syāt, prāmāṇye vā nā'sattvam kaścit punarāha-nāsattvaṃ prapañcasya brūmaḥ pratyakṣādipramāṇataḥ siddhatvāt, nāpi paramārthataḥ sattvam ātmajñānena bādhyamānatvāt, tasmāt sadasadbhyāmanirvāncyo'yaṃ prapañca iti tadidamasāram-sato'nyatvamevā 'sattvam; tad yadi prapañcaḥ sanna bhavati vyaktamasannevāyam, asattvābhāve vā sattvāpattiḥ, sadasattvayorekaniṣedhasyetaravidhināntarīyakatvāt | na ca vidhādvayarahite vidhāntaraṃ saṃbhavati ### [8.19.p1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.4) athāpi yanna kadācitpratīyate tadasad yathā śaśaviṣāṇam, yat pratīta na bādhyate tatsad yathā''tmatattvam, prapañcastu pratīyamānatvādūbādhyamānatvācca bhāvābhāvābhyāmanirvocya iti matam ? | tadanupapannam- lokavirodhāt, yaddhi pratīta bādhyate mṛgatoyarajjusarpādi tadasadeveti laukikī prasiddhiḥ, na 'hi śaśaviṣāṇādīnāṃ mṛgatoyādīnāṃ ca kaścidviśeṣo loke | soyaṃ prapañcopi bādhyate cet ? asanneveti nā'nirvācyatvam athāpi lokaprasiddhimanādṛtya vṛddhyādivat paribhāṣārūpeṇānirvācyaṃ ityucyate ? | tathāpyayuktamprapañcasya bādhābhāvāt, na tāvatsaṃsārāvasthāyāmā''gamena bādhaḥ sambhavatītyuktam, | muktasya tu bādhakajñānaṃ nāśaṅkanīyameva pralīnasarvakaraṇatvāt, karaṇābhāve ca jñānā'sambhavāt, | na cāsmaryamāṇasya prapañcasyābhāvaḥ śakyate pratyetum, na ca tasyāmavasthāyāṃ sambhavati smaraṇam, sarvasaṃskārāṇāmucchinnatvāt, tasmānna bādhasambhavaḥ yaccā'vidyākṛtoyaṃ prapañca iti, kāpunariyamavidyā ? kiṃ bhrāntijñānam ? kiṃ vā bhrāntijñānakāraṇabhūtaṃ vastvantaram ? | yadi bhrāntiḥ, sā kasya ? na brahmaṇastasya svacchavidyārūpatvāt, na hi bhāskare timirasyāvakāśaḥ sambhavati | na ca jīvānām-teṣāṃ brahmātirekeṇābhāvāt | bhrāntya'bhāvādeva ca tatkāraṇabhūtaṃ vastvantaramapyanupapannameva | brahmātirekeṇa bhrāntijñānaṃ tatkāraṇaṃ cābhyupagacchatāmadvaitahāniḥ kiṃkṛtā ca brahmaṇo'vidyā ?, na hi kāraṇāntaramasti | svābhāvikīti cet ? kathaṃ vidyāsvabhāvama'vidyāsvabhāvaṃ syāt | svābhāvikatve cāsyāḥ kena vināśaḥ syāt ? | āgamikaṃ dhyānādi tajjanyaṃ vā ### [8.19.p1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.5) svarūpajñānaṃ brahmā'vidyāṃ nāśayatīti cet ?, na, na hyāgamo vā dhyānādayo vā tajjanyaṃ vā jñānaṃ nityajñānātmakabrahmātiriktamāsti yada'vidyāṃ nāśayet tadvarasmānmāyāvādānmāhāyānikavādaḥ, yatra nīlapītādivaicitryaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvo baddhamuktādivyavasthā ca santānabhedena samarthyate | nityamekarasaṃ niṣprapañcamātmānamupeyuṣāṃ tu samastalokavedavyavahārocchittireva syāt yadapyāhuḥ-ajñānajanyaḥ prapañco jñānena vināśyate mṛgatoyavat svapnaprapañcavacceti | tadapyayuktam-yadi kulālādivyāpārasthānīyenā'jñānena ghaṭavadutpannaḥ prapañco musalasthānīyena jñānena nāśyate, tathāpi nā'sattvaṃ prapañcasya syāt, utpattivināśayogādanityatāmātraṃ syānnā'tyantābhāvaḥ kena ca jñānena nāśaḥ ?, nātmajñānena, virodhābhāvāt | niṣprapañcātmajñāneneti cet ?, na, tatrātmajñānāṃśasyāvirodhāt niṣprapañcatvajñānaṃ vināśakamiti pāriśeṣyādāpannam-prapañcābhāvaśca niṣprapañcatvaṃ, na ca vidyamāne prapañce tadabhāvajñānamutpattumarhati | jñānena hyutpannena prapañco nāśayitavyaḥ prāk ca jñānāt sadrūpa eva prapañcastasmin sadrūpe'vasthite kathaṃ tadabhāvaviṣayasya jñānasyotpattiḥ | tatra jñānotpattau satyāṃ prapañcasya nāśaḥ, tadvināśe ca sati tadbhāvaviṣayajñānotpattiritītaretarāśrayatvam etena mṛgatṛṣṇikājalasya jñānavināśyatvaṃ pratyūḍham, na hi tajjalaṃ sat paścānnāśyate ? prāgapi hi tatra naiva jalam, ajalameva hi raśmiprataptamūṣaraṃ bhrāntyā jalātmanā'vagataṃ paścādbādhakena yathāvasthitarūpamavagamyata ityalamanena bālajalpitena ityadvaitamatanirāsaḥ ### [8.19.p1.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.6) ke citvaupaniṣadāḥ-paramārthata evātmā prapañcarūpeṇa svecchayā pariṇamatīti manyante, tathā ca "sadeva somyedamagra āsīt ekamevādvitīyam" tadaikṣata bahusyāṃ prajāyeya" (chā030) ityekasyaiva sanmātrarūpatayā prāgavasthitasyātmano'nekavyomādibhedābhinnaprapañcarūpeṇa bījasyeva vṛkṣarūpeṇa pariṇāmo darśitaḥ, "tasmādvā etasmādātmana ākāśaḥ sambhūtaḥ" (tai.u.2a.) ityaupaniṣadā vādā purāṇavādāścā'sminnarthe śataśo dṛśyante | "puruṣa evedaṃ sarvam" "neha nānā'sti kiñcana" ityādi tu dharmibhedābhāvābhiprāyam, tadyathaiko vṛkṣaḥ prādeśamātrādūrdhvaṃ nānāśākho'vasthito dūrasthairnānā vṛkṣā iti gamyate tadbhedinaścānye tebhyaḥ kathayanti-'neme nānāvṛkṣāḥ, kiṃ tveka evāyaṃ vṛkṣo nānāśākho'vasthitaḥ' iti tathā nāmarūpaprapañcaṃ nānārūpaṃ paśyatām, mūlakāraṇasyaikasyātmano'yaṃ nānārūpaḥ pariṇāma ityevamajānatāṃ tattvakathanārthā evaṃvidhā vādāḥ- sarvamekasyaiva vistāro na kiñcidatra nānā'stīti ye ca punarasattvavādāḥ prapañcaviṣayā avidyāvādā bhrāntivādā māyāvādāśca te sarve prapañcasyānityatvādaupacārikāḥ | yathā mṛgatoyarajjusarpasvapnaprapañcādayaḥ kiñcitkālamāvirbhūya paścādvilīyante tathā bhedaprapañcarūpobrahmapariṇāmopyāvirbhavati vilīyate cetyā''virbhāvatirobhāvadharmakatvasāmyādasannityupacaryate, tasya cā'satkalpatve tadviṣayasya jñānasyāpi siddhayatyaupacārikaṃ bhrāntitvam | māyānibandhanatvaṃ ca-“ indro māyābhiḥ pururūpa īyate ” ityādiṣu yuktamupacāreṇa vaktum | “ ātmaivaikaḥ satyaḥ ” iti ca tasyaiva nityatvāducyate, yathā “ goaśvā eva ### [8.19.p1.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.7) paśavo'nye tva'paśavaḥ ” iti, tathedṃ draṣṭavyam yastvevaṃvidhān vādān yathāśrutārthān gṛhṇāti sa paśvantareṣva'paśutvavādama “ādityo yūpaḥ” ityādi ca yathāśrutaṃ gṛhṇīyāt | atha tatra pramāṇāntaravirodhaḥ ?, so'trāpi samānaḥ | athārthavādatvāttatra na yathāśrutārthagrahaṇam ?, tadapi samānamprapañcasyāpya'satyatvaṃ vairāgyajananārtham, ātmanaśca paramārthatvaṃ mumukṣūṇāmutsāhajananārtham vispaṣṭaṃ caitanmṛtpiṇḍavikāradṛṣṭāntadarśanāt-sarvatra hi dṛṣṭāntopādānaṃ sādhyapratipādakasya tātparyābhivyaktyartham, tataśca yathā kāraṇabhūtamṛtpiṇḍavijñānena mṛnmayo vikāraḥ sarvo vijñāto bhavati-śarāvādivikāro hi vācārambhaṇaṃ nāmadheyamātraṃ mṛttiketyeva satyam, evaṃ prapañcopi sadvijñānena vijñāto bhavati, vikāro hi vācārambhaṇaṃ nāmadheyamātraṃ sadityeva satyam, ityukte jñāyata etat- yathā''virbhāvātirobhāvadharmā nānāvidho vikāraḥ śarāvādiḥ prapañco, mṛttikā ca sarvatrā'napāyinī teṣāṃ kāraṇam, kāryakāraṇayoścāvasthāmātrabhedāt svarūpabhedābhāvāt kāraṇajñānena tatsarvaṃ kāryamavasthābhedenā'jñātamapi svarūpeṇa jñātaṃ bhavati, tathā prapañcopyāvirbhāvatirobhāvadharmā'navasthāyī tatkāraṇaṃ cātmā sadrūpaḥ sarvānuyāyī nā'pāyadharmā, tasmin vijñāte sarvaṃ tadātmakamavijñātamapi vyāsarūpeṇa samāsena jñātaṃ bhavatītyetadatra vivakṣitamasti, tasmādekasyaivātmanaḥ pariṇāmoyaṃ bhedaprapañco na tva'sanneva | asattve hi kathaṃ sadvijñānena vijñātaḥ syācchaśaviṣāṇavat, na hi mṛtpiṇḍe vijñāte sati śaśaviṣāṇaṃ vijñātaṃ bhavati, tathā prapañcopi syāt, tatastu prastutahānireva syāt ### [8.19.p1.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.8) ekopyātmā'ntaḥkaraṇopādhibhedād bhinno jīva ityucyate jīvabhedācca bandhamuktavyavasthāpyupapanneti tadidamayuktam-cidrūpasyātmano jaḍarūpapariṇāmā'sambhavāt | ekatve cātmanaḥ sarvaśarīreṣu pratisandhānaṃ syāt-devadatto'haṃ yajñadattohameveti, tathā devadattaśarīre me sukhaṃ yajñadattaśarīre me duḥkhamiti, pāde me sukhaṃ śirasi me vedanetivat sarvasukhaduḥkhopalabdhiśca syāt antaḥkaraṇabhedād vyavastheti cet ?, na, acetanatvāt-na hyantaḥkaraṇaṃ sukhaduḥkhe anubhavati acetanatvāt, ātmā tvanubhavitā sa ca sarvatraika iti kaḥ pratisandhānaṃ dhārayet. tasmādidamapi nātīva sundaramiti ityātmapariṇāmavādanirāsaḥ saca sarvatraika eveti pratisandhānāpattirityarthaḥ | etanmatadūṣaṇopasaṃhāra pūrvakaṃ sāṅkhyamatamutthāpayati | tasmāditi baddhamuktavyavasthopapattiḥ | tathā ca"ajāmekāṃ lohitaśuklakṛṣṇāṃ bahvīṃ prajāṃ janayantīṃ sarūpām ajo hyeko juṣamāṇo'nuśete jahātyenāṃ bhuktabhogāmajonyaḥ ||" iti vyaktameva bhogyāyāḥ prakṛte rajassattvatamorūpāyā ekatvam, bhoktṝṇāṃ ca bhedādvaddhamuktavyavasthānaṃ darśitam aikātmyavādrāstarhyupaniṣadaḥ katham ?, availakṣaṇyeneti brūmaḥ-bhedaśabdo hi vailakṣaṇyavacano loke prasiddhaḥ, tathā hi-susadṛśeṣu vaktāro bhavanti- 'nāsyā'sya ca kaścid bhedosti' iti, tathā''tmanāmapi narapaśutiryagbhedabhinnaśarīravartināṃ śarīrasambandhamapohya ### [8.19.p1.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.9) kevalaṃ naijarūpeṇa nirūpyamāṇānāṃ padmajaḥparamāṇudvayavanna kiṃ cidapi vailakṣaṇyamastītyanenābhiprāyeṇaikatvavādā nānātvaniṣedhavādāśca | etadabhiprāyameva caitadapi bhagavadvāsudevavacanam"vidyāvinayasampanne brāhmaṇe gavi hastini śuni caiva śvapāke ca paṇḍitāḥ samadarśinaḥ " (a. 5 ślo. 18) iti tathaiva "indromāyābhiḥ pururūpa īyate" iti svayamavilakṣaṇopyātmā narapaśvādi vicitraśarīrasamparkavaśād bhrāntyā svayamapi vilakṣaṇarūpaḥ pratīyata ityarthaḥ | ye ca muktānāṃ kṣetrajñānāmīśvareṇa sahaikatvavādāstepyatyantasāmyād bailakṣaṇyā'bhāvācca | tathā ca śrutyantaram— “yadā paśyaḥ paśyate rukmavarṇaṃ karttāramīśaṃ puruṣaṃ brahmayonim tadā vidvān puṇyapāpe vidhūya nirañjanaḥ paramaṃ sāmyamupaiti” itīśvarasādṛśyāpattimeva muktasya darśayati tathā bhagavatā vāsudevenāpyuktam“idaṃ jñānamupāśritya mama sādharmyamāgatāḥ sargepi nopajāyante pralaye na vyathanti ca” (a. 14 ślo. 2) iti yattu— “mamaivāṃśo jīvaloke jīvabhūtaḥ sanātanaḥ ” ## Linked texts (1) - [Nyāyamañjarī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.313) — Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1) · Pramāṇa