[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari) › 1.3 # A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers 1.3: tṛtīyamāhnikam—śabdaparīkṣā Nyāyamañjarī 1.3 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### tṛtīyamāhnikam—śabdaparīkṣā ### [1.3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.1) upamānānantaraṃ śabdasya vibhāgasūtre nirdeśāttasya lakṣaṇaṃ pratipādayitumāha— ### [1.3.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.2) āptopadeśaḥ śabdaḥ .. 1-1-7 .. ### [1.3.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.3) upadeśaḥ śabdaḥ ityucyamāne paryāyamātroccāraṇāt akārake śabdamātre pramāṇyaprasaktiriti tadvinivṛttaye pūrvasūtrāt sādhyasādhanapadamākṛṣyate . tathā'pi śabdāntarajanake prasaktiriti pratyakṣasūtrāt jñānapadasya, smṛtijanakasya vyavacchedārthaṃ cārthagrahaṇasya, saṃśayaviparyayajanakanirākaraṇāya ca vyavasāyātmakāvyabhicāripadayoranuvṛttirityevamavyabhicārādiviśeṣaṇārthapratītijanaka upadeśaḥ śabda ityuktaṃ bhavati .. ### [1.3.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.4) tadevaṃparyāyamevopadeśaśabdaṃ śabdalakṣaṇamapekṣitapūrvasūtropāttaviśeṣaṇapadaṃ kecidvyācakṣate . āptagrahaṇaṃ ca lakṣaṇaniścayārthamāhuḥ . ghrāṇarasanatvakcakṣuḥśrotrāṇīndriyāṇi bhūtebhyaḥ ityatra bhūtagrahaṇaṃ vakṣyate . evaṃ hyaitihyasya na pramāṇāntaratā bhaviṣyati, upadeśarūpatvāviśeṣāditi .. ### [1.3.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.5) kṣuṇṇaṃ kiñcijjayantasya vartma caitāvataiva naḥ . sudūramasti gantavyaṃ, gacchāmaḥ tvaritaṃ tataḥ .. ### [1.3.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.6) akārake—bodhājanake, ghaṭa, kalaśa, kumbha, ityādirūpe . śabdāntarajanake—vīcītaraṅganyāyena śabdāntarajanake pūrvaśabde . jñānapadasyeti . evaṃ pratyakṣasūtra iva yataḥ śabdo'pyadhyāhartavyaḥ . etādṛśaṃ jñānaṃ yataḥ, sa śabda ityarthaḥ .. ### [1.3.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.7) evaṃparyāyaṃ—uktārthakam . lakṣaṇaniścayārthaṃ—uktārthasya paricāyakamiti yāvat . vakṣyate iti . aṣṭamāhnike tatsūtravivaraṇavelāyāṃ bhūtagrahaṇaṃ spaṣṭārthamiti sahetukamuktam . evaṃ—evaṃ satyeva . anyathā sūtrayojanāyāṃ pakṣāntaram anye tu bruvate—yuktamupadeśapadameva śabdalakṣaṇam . yuktaṃ ca tanniścayārthamāptagrahaṇam . pūrvasūtropāttaviśeṣaṇapadānuvṛttistu nopayujyate, sāmānyalakṣaṇānantaraṃ viśeṣalakṣaṇaprakramāt . sāmānyalakṣaṇena ca smṛtyādijanakasakalapramāṇābhāsavyudāse kṛte sajātīyapratyakṣādivyadaccheda eva kevalamidānīṃ vaktavyaḥ . tatra ca paryāyatayā paryāptamupadeśapadameva buddhyādipadavaditi kiṃ viśeṣaṇānuvṛttikleśena ? iti .. āptapadamapi lakṣaṇaghaṭakamiti pakṣaḥ apara āha—anavalambitasāmānyalakṣaṇānusaraṇadainyamanadhyāhṛtaprāktanaviśeṣaṇapadamāptopadeśaśśabdalakṣaṇam . na cākārakeṇa śabdāntarakāriṇā vā smṛtijanakena vā saṃśayādhāyinā vā śabdena kiñcidupadiśyata iti nirvacanasavyapekṣāt upadeśagrahaṇādeva tannivṛttiḥ siddhā . mithyopadeśe tu rathyāpuruṣādivacasi viparītapratītikāriṇi prasaṅgo na nivartata iti tatpratikṣepārthamāptagrahaṇam . aitihye yathārthapratītihetāvāptānumānānna pramāṇāntaratvamiti . tasmādyathāśrutameva sūtraṃ śabdalakṣaṇārthaṃ yuktam .. aitihyasya ajñātapravaktṛkatvena āptopadeśarūpatvābhāvāt atiriktapramāṇatā'pattiḥ . sūtre tu catvāryeva pramāṇāni nirdiṣṭāni . tena gamyate āptapadaṃ na lakṣaṇaghaṭakamabhimataṃ sūtrakarturiti bhāvaḥ .. ### [1.3.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.8) anye tvityādi . pramāṇasāmānyalakṣaṇenaiva akārakaśabdādāvatiprasaṅgavāraṇāt na sādhyasādhanādipadānāmākarṣa ityāśayaḥ . paryāyapadanirdeśena kathaṃ lakṣaṇaprāptiḥ ? iti śaṅkāyāṃ sūtrakārasyeyaṃ śailītyatra nidarśanamāha—budhyādīti . buddhirupalabdhirjñānamityanarthāntaram itivadityarthaḥ . śiṣṭaṃ buddhiparīkṣāyāmeva draṣṭavyam .. ### [1.3.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.9) anavalambita—ityādinā'nupadoktapakṣavailakṣaṇyaṃ, anadhyāhṛta—ityādinā prathamamupapāditapakṣavailakṣaṇyam . na ca upadiśyate ityanvayaḥ . prasaṃgaḥ—atiprasaṅgaḥ . āptānumānāditi . ata eva khalu vedopa upadeśapadasyārthānupapattiḥ bhavatvevam ! upadiśyata iti ko'rthaḥ ? abhidhānakriyā kriyate . keyamabhidhānakriyā nāma ? pratītiriti cet; cakṣurāderapi tatkaraṇatvādupadeśatvaprasaṅgaḥ .. svāvagatipūrvikā pratītiriti cet, dhūmāderapyupadeśatāprasaṅgaḥ . cakṣurāderapi tatkaraṇatvāt upadeśatvaprasaṅgaḥ . svasādṛśyena pratītiriti cet, bimbasyāpi pādādyanumitāvupadeśatvaprasaṅgaḥ, śabde ca tadabhāvādanupadeśatvaṃ syāt . śabdāvacchinnā pratītiriti cet, śrotrasya tajjanakatvādupadeśatvaprasaṅgaḥ, śabdasya ca svāvacchedena pratītijanakatvaniṣedhādanupadeśatvaṃbhavet . nāpi śabdakaraṇikā pratītiḥ; abhidhānakriyāvivakṣāyāṃ, ākāśānumāne vā tasyopadeśatvaprasaṅgā dityabhidhānakriyāsvarūpāniścayāt na tasyāḥ karaṇamupadeśaḥ .. deṣṭṛtayā īśvarasādhanam . aitihye'pi yathārthe sāmānyata āptamūlakatvānumānāllakṣaṇopapattiḥ . ayathārthasya tu na lakṣyataiveti śeṣaḥ .. ### [1.3.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.10) tatkaraṇatvāt—pratītikaraṇatvāt . svāvagatīti . śabdaḥ kila jñātasanneva pratītikaraṇaṃ, indriyaṃ tu ajñātameva svarūpasat . upadeśapadaṃ ca etādṛśavilakṣaṇārthakaṃ, prayogarūḍhyā ityarthaḥ . dhūmāderiti . jñāyamānameva khalu liṅgaṃ anumitikaraṇam . svasādṛśyeneti . anumitau karaṇaṃ dhūmaḥ, pramitistu tadvijātīyavahniviṣayiṇī . śabde tu yadviṣayako bodhaḥ, tadviṣayaka eva śabdo'pīti abhimānaḥ . bimbasyeti . pratibimbasyetyarthaḥ . pūrṇapratibimbasthale anumānasyāprasarāt . yatra pādādibimbena gatānāmanumīyate iti śabda-28 kumārilavacanaṃ ca smaran āha—pādādīti . pratyutāsaṃbhava evetyāha— śabde ceti . bodhastu ghaṭatvāvacchinnasya . karaṇe tu śabde, śabdajñāne vā na hi ghaṭatvaṃ sthātumalam . ataḥ atrāpi na sādṛśyaleśa iti bhāvaḥ . śabdāvacchinneti . ayaṃ pakṣaḥ pratyakṣaparīkṣāyāṃ varṇitaḥ . pratyuta asaṃbhava evetyāha—śabdasya ceti . idamapi pratyakṣalakṣaṇe avyapadeśyapadaprayojanavicārāvasare pratipāditam . abhidhānetyādi . abhidhānakriyāṃ pratyapi upadeśapadasyārthaḥ ucyate—śrotragrāhyavastukaraṇikā tadarthapratītirabhidhānakriyā, itthaṃ loke vyavahārāt . uktaḥ, abhihitaśca sa evārtho loke vyapadiśyate, yastu tathāvidhapratītiviṣayatāṃ pratipannaḥ . śrotragrāhyasya varṇarāśerevārthapratītikaraṇatvāt; na tu śrotrapratyayaviṣayaḥ sphoṭatmā śabdaḥ . śrotragrahaṇe hyarthe śabdaśabdaḥ prasiddhaḥ . varṇā eva ca śrotragrahaṇāḥ . yato'rthapratītiḥ sa śabda iti tūcyamāne dhūmādirapi śabdaḥ syāt . agṛhītasambandhaśca śabdaḥ śabdatvaṃ jahyāt, arthapratipatterakaraṇāt .. keyaṃ abhidhānakriyā nāma nanu ! pratīteḥ saṃvidātmakatvāt nābhidhānakriyā nāma kācidapūrvā saṃvidanyā vidyate . tatkaraṇasya copadeśatāyāmatiprasaṅga ityuktam—satyam—saṃvidātmaiva sarvatra pratītiḥ . sā cakṣurādikaraṇikā pratyakṣaphalam, liṅgakaraṇikā'numānaphalam, śrotragrāhyakaraṇikā śabdaphalam . na hi—dṛśyate, anumīyate, abhidhīyata iti paryāyaśabdāḥ . tatpratītiviśeṣajanane ca śabdasyopadeśatvamucyate . ākāśānumānavivakṣādau tu tasya liṅgatvamevetyalaṃ prasaṅgena .. āptasvarūpam āpto bhāṣyakṛtā vyākhyātaḥ—āptaḥ khalu sākṣātkṛtadharmā yathādṛṣṭasyārthasya cikhyāpayiṣāprayukta upadeṣṭā ca iti .. śabdasya upadeśarūpatvaprasaṅgaḥ . śabdāśrayatvena ākāśānumāne, tatra karaṇasya śabdasya upadeśarūpatvaprasaṅgaḥ .. ### [1.3.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.11) śrotragrahaṇe—śrotragrāhya iti yāvat . śabdaśabdaḥ—śabda iti śabdaḥ .. ### [1.3.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.12) liṅgatvameveti . śabdakaraṇakapratītitve'pi tasya, na hi abhidhīyate iti tatra vyavahāraḥ .. ### [1.3.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.13) nanu sākṣātkṛtadharmā iti padena dharmopadeṣṭureva āptatvaṃ bhāti . evaṃ sati laukikaṃ vākyaṃ sarvamapramāṇamāpatati . evaṃ anumānādinā nirṇītārthavaktari dharma ityupadeṣṭavyaḥ kaścidartho vivakṣitaḥ . sākṣātkaraṇametasya yathārthamupalambhanam .. 1 .. na tu pratyakṣeṇaiva grahaṇamiti niyamaḥ, anumānādiniścitārthopadeśino'pyāptatvānapāyāt .. cikhyāpayiṣayā yukta ityuktā vītarāgatā . upadeṣṭetyanenoktaṃ pratipādanakauśalam .. 2 .. vītarāgo'pi mūkādirupadeṣṭumaśaktaḥ kiṃ kuryāt ? vaktuṃ śakto'pi sākṣātkṛtadharmā'pyavītarāgo na vakti, tūṣṇīmāsta iti .. tasya ca pratipādye'rthe vītarāgatvamiṣyate . sarvathā vītarāgastu puruṣaḥ kutra labhyate .. 3 .. ṛṣyāryalmecchasāmānyaṃ vaktavyaṃ cāptalakṣaṇam . evaṃ hi loke'pyāptoktyā vyavahāro na naṅkṣyati .. 4 .. doṣakṣayaḥ āptatvaṃ iti pakṣavimarśaḥ ye'pyāptiṃ doṣakṣayamācakṣate—tairapi doṣakṣayaḥ pratipādyārtheṣveva varṇanīyaḥ; anyathā līke dṛśyamānasyāptoktinibandhanasya vyavahārasya nihnavaḥ syāt .. āptatvaṃ na syāt iti śaṃkāyāmāha—dharma iti . dharmapadaṃ upadeṣṭavyapadārthasāmānyopalakṣakam . evaṃ sākṣātkārapadaṃ sudṛḍhapramāṇasāmānyopalakṣakamiti bhāvaḥ . vācaspatistu dharmāḥ—padārthāḥ ityeva vyākhyātavān . vītarāgateti icchāyāmupādhyantarānukteḥ . avītarāgaḥ—cikhyāpayiṣāśūnyaḥ .. ### [1.3.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.14) itīti . etadubhayamapi āptatvaprayojakam . pratipādye'rtha iti . pratipādyamānenārthena svāniṣṭādikaṃ jñātvā, yadyanyathā vadet, sa kathaṃ āptaḥ . ataḥ pratipādyaviṣaye nirmatsaratvaṃ vivakṣitam . na tu sāgasāmānyāmāvaḥ, tādṛśasya śabdaprayogasyāpyasaṃbhavāt . antataḥ lokānugrahecchā vā astyeveti bhāvaḥ . vastutastu—icchā anyā, anyaśca rāgaḥ . tatra rāga eva kāluṣyāpādaka iti pūrṇavītarāgāṇāmapi icchayā upadepasaṃbhava ityanyatra vistaraḥ .. ### [1.3.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.15) pratipādyeṣvartheṣu pratipādyārthaviṣayakapakṣapātādirūpadoṣakṣayaḥ iti bhāvaḥ .. ### [1.3.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.16) athavā vedaprāmāṇyasiddhyarthatvācchāstrasya tatpraṇeturāptasyeśvarasya yathāśrutamevedaṃ lakṣaṇam, sa sākṣātkṛtadharmaiva, dharmasyeśvarapratyakṣagocaratvāt .. ### [1.3.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.17) cikhyāpayiṣāprayukta iti . kāruṇika eva bhagavāniti vakṣyate . upadeṣṭā ca, vedādyāgamānāṃ tatpraṇītatvasya 4 āhnike samarthayiṣyamāṇatvāt .. ### [1.3.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.18) āha—āstāṃ tāvadetat ! idaṃ tu cintyatām ! kimarthamidaṃ punaśśabdasya pṛthaglakṣaṇamupadiśyate ? ### [1.3.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.19) śabdasya khalu paśyāmo nānumānādvibhinnatām . atastallakṣaṇākṣepāt na vācyaṃ lakṣaṇāntaram .. 5 .. ### [1.3.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.20) parokṣaviṣayatvaṃ hi tulyaṃ tāvaddvayorapi . sāmānyaviṣayatvaṃ ca sambandhāpekṣaṇāddvayoḥ .. 6 .. ### [1.3.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.21) agṛhīte'pi sambandhe naikasyāpi pravartanam . sambandhaśca viśeṣāṇāmānantyādatidurgamaḥ .. 7 .. ### [1.3.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.22) athavetyādi . granthārambha eva nyāyaśāstrasya paramaṃ prayojanaṃ vedaprāpnāṇyasaṃrakṣaṇamevetyuktatvāt, imamarthamavismaran bhāṣyakāraḥ prakṛtānuguṇatayā''ptaṃ lilakṣayiṣuḥ dharma padaṃ prayuktavānitīyaṃ carcā vṛthaiveti bhāvaḥ .. ### [1.3.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.23) pramāṇasamuccaya vārtikādau diṅnāgadharmakīrtyādyuktaṃ saṃkalayyānuvadati— āheti . tallakṣaṇākṣepāt—anumānalakṣaṇenaiva ākṣepāt—svataḥ prāpteḥ . parokṣeti . ekasambandhijñānavidhayaiva hi anumānasya pravṛttiḥ . śābde'pi ayaṃ krama eva siddhānte . vācyavācakabhāvākhyavṛtteḥ sambandharūpatā sammataiva . sāmānyeti . vyāptiḥ śaktigrahaścetyubhayaṃ sāmānyadvāraiveti hi siddhāntaḥ . nanu avinābhāvarūpasambandhaḥ vyāptiḥ, vācyavācakabhāvalakṣaṇaśca sambandhaḥ śaktiḥ . evaṃ vilakṣaṇasambandhamūlayoḥ kathamaikyamiti śaṃkāyāmāha— sambandhaśceti . sambandhaśca sarvatra naikarūpo bhavatumarhati . antataḥ yathā pratyakṣato dhūmaṃ dṛṣṭvā'gniranumīyate . tathaiva śabdamākarṇya tadartho'pyavagamyate .. 8 .. anvayavyatirekau ca bhavato'trāpi liṅgavat . yo yatra dṛśyate śabdaḥ sa tasyārthasya vācakaḥ .. 9 .. pakṣadharmatvamapyasti śabda eva yato'rthavān . prakalpayiṣyate pakṣo dhūmo dahanavāniva .. 10 .. tatra dhūmatvasāmānyaṃ yathā vahati hetutām . gotvādiśabdasāmānyaṃtadvadatrāpivakṣyati .. 11 .. evaṃ viṣayasāmagrīsābhyādekatvaniścaye . na vilakṣaṇatāmātraṃ kiñcidanyatvakāraṇam .. 12 .. pūrvavarṇakramodbhūtasaṃskārasahakāritā . puruṣāpekṣavṛttitvaṃ vivakṣānusṛtikramaḥ .. 13 .. ityādinā viśeṣeṇa na pramāṇāntaraṃ bhavet . kāryakāraṇadharmādiviśeṣo'trāpi nāsti kim ? .. 14 .. yatheṣṭaviniyojyatvamapi nānyatvakāraṇam . hastasaṃjñādiliṅge'pi tathābhāvasya darśanāt .. 15 .. anvayavyatirekādibhedāt vyāpterapi yathā bhedaḥ, tathā'yamapyekaḥ sambandhaviśeṣo'stu . pratyāyanakramastu tulya eva . ayamevārthaḥ anantaraślokaiḥ upapādyate . gotvādīti . gakārottaratvādirūpaṃ sāmānyaṃ nikhilagośabdeṣuastyeva .. ### [1.3.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.24) vilakṣaṇatā—anuminomi, śābdayāmi ityādyanubhavarūpaṃ vailakṣaṇyam . tathā sati hi hastaceṣṭādīnāṃ arthasūcakānāmapi pramāṇāntaratvaprasaṅgaḥ . śabda . pramāṇavailakṣaṇyamevāha—pūrvatyādi . evaṃ sālakṣaṇyamapyāha—kāryetyādi . yatheṣṭetyādi . dhūmāt vahnyanumānādikaṃ na puruṣatantraṃ, śabdastu puruṣatantraḥ . svāyatte śabdaprayoge ityādirhi nyāyaḥ . tathābhāvasya—svāyattatvasya nanu anumāne mahānasādidṛṣṭāntāpekṣā niyatā, na tathā śābdabodhe—iti śaṅkāyāṃ asakṛdabhyastaviṣaye anumāne'pi na dṛṣṭāntāpekṣā niyatā . anabhyastetu sā dṛṣṭāntanirapekṣattvamabhyaste viṣaye samam . anabhyaste tu sambandhasmṛtisāpekṣatā dvayoḥ .. 16 .. anekapratibhotpattihetutvamapi vidyate . aspaṣṭaliṅge kasmiṃścidaśva ityādiśabdavat .. 17 .. sphuṭārthānavasāyāśca pramāṇābhāsato yathā . liṅge tathaiva śabde'pi nānārthabhramakāriṇi .. 18 .. api ca pratibhāmātre śabdājjāte'pi kutracit . āptavādatvaliṅgena janyate niścitā matiḥ .. 19 .. śabdasyānumānarūpatā samānatantrānumatā ata eva hi manyante śabdasyāpi vipaścitaḥ . āptavādāvisaṃvādasāmānyādanumānatām .. 20 .. samānaivetyāha—dṛṣṭānteti . nanu eka eva aśvādiśabdaḥ, śrotṛpratibhānuguṇaṃ, mṛgaviśeṣa-śvo'bhavitrādyarthān bahūn pratyāyayati, na tathā dhūmaḥ nānā'rthān pratyāyayati, kintu vahnimekaṃ . evaṃ sphuṭārthatvāsphuṭārthatvādibhedaḥ śabde dṛśyate, na dhūmādau . ataḥ asti mahadantaraṃ iti śaṃkāyāmāha—aneketyādi . aspaṣṭaliṅga iti . dhūmadhūlīpaṭalasādhāraṇākārajñānāt, ekasya vahnyanumitiḥ, aparasya senādyanumitiriti dṛśyata eva anumitāvapi pratipattibhedaḥ . idaṃ ca vaibhavena, spaṣṭaliṅgake'pi vivakṣānuguṇaṃ pratipattibhedaḥ dṛśyata eva . yathā dhūmāt vahnyanumitiḥ, tathaiva kadācit tṛṇādeḥ, manuṣyasadbhāvasya vā'numānaṃ yathā'pekṣaṃ bhavatyeva . evaṃ spaṣṭāspaṣṭapratītyādikamapi yathā'nubhavaṃ tulyameva . anumānāpekṣatvasya śabde'varjanīyatayā, tato'pi tasya na svatantrapramāṇatetyāha— apiceti .. ### [1.3.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.25) vipaścitaḥ—kaṇādapraśastapādādayaḥ . etena śābdaṃ vyākhyātam 9-2-3 ityādisūtrabhāṣya-kandalyādiṣu asya vistaro draṣṭavyaḥ . pramāṇamavisaṃvādi jñānaṃ iti kathanāt, śabdasya prāmāṇyaṃ yat avisaṃvādarūpaṃ, tat āptatvamūlameva vaktavyam . tatparityajya śabdo na pramāṇameva iti kathaṃ yujyeta ? evañca anumānavat śabdo'pi svaprāmāṇye paramukhameva nirīkṣata iti idamanumānamevetyarthaḥ . yadyapīyaṃ prakriyā bauddhānām, āptavādāvisaṃbādāt ityādyardhaṃ ca dṛśyate pramāṇavārtike 1-225-228; athāpi viṣayataulyaṃ vaiśeṣikabauddhayorasmin . athavā vipaścita iti dharmakīrtyādaya eva ucyante .. ### [1.3.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.26) kiñca śabdo vivakṣāyāmeva prāmāṇyamaśnute . na bāhyeḥ vyabhicāritvāt tasyāṃ caitasya liṅgatā .. 21 .. ### [1.3.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.27) tatrābhidhīyate . dvividhaḥ śabdaḥ padātmā vākyātmā ceti . tatra vākyamanavagatasambandhameva vākyārthamavagamayitumalam; abhinavaviracitaślokaśravaṇe sati padasaṃskṛtamatīnāṃ tadarthāvagamadarśanāt . ataḥ sambadhādhigamamūlapravṛttinā'numānena tasya kathaṃ sāmyasaṃbhāvanā .. ### [1.3.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.28) padasya tu sambandhādhigamasāpekṣatve satyapi sāmagrībhedāt viṣayabhedāccānumānādbhinnattvam . viṣayastāvadvisadṛśa eva padaliṅgayoḥ . tadvanmātraṃ padasyārtha iti ca sthāpayiṣyate 5 āhnike . anumānaṃ tu vākyārthaviṣayam—atrāgniḥ, agnimān parvata iti tataḥ pratipatteḥ . uktaṃ ca pu. 311 tatra dharmaviśiṣṭo dharmī sādhya iti .. ### [1.3.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.29) kiñcetyādi . etadarthabodhecchayā ayaṃ śabdaḥ prayuktaḥ iti khalu jānāti lokaḥ śabdaśravaṇasamanantaram . anena śabdasya vaktṛgatecchāviśeṣānumāpakatvaṃ spaṣṭam . ataḥ tādṛśecchāyāṃ śabdaḥ liṅgam . na tu bāhye— ghaṭādau . atadvodhecchayā uccaritena śabdena tadbodhasyāpi jananāt . ataḥ icchānumānamantarā śabdo na bodhamitumalam . icchāyāṃ cānumitāyāṃ tadviṣayatayā'rthapratītiḥ . ataḥ śabdaḥ nārthāṃśe pramāṇam . icchāyā āntaratvāt bāhye iti padam .. ### [1.3.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.30) anavagatasambandhameveti, vākye śaktyanaṅgīkārāt . tasya—vākyasya .. ### [1.3.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.31) tadvanmātraṃ—jātiviśiṣṭavyaktimātram . mātracā parasparānvayavyudāsaḥ . sa tu saṃsargamaryādālabhya iti vakṣyate . evañca vākyāt arthapratītau tāvati śakterabhāvāt sambandhābhāvānnānumānaprasaraḥ . padena tu vyaktimātraṃ bodhyate, nānvayādiḥ . atastatrāpi padasya vākyārthasya ca na kaścana sambandha iti nānumānaprasara ityarthaḥ .. ### [1.3.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.32) nanu padānyapi vākyārthavṛttīni santi—gomān, aupagavaḥ, kumbhakāra iti—satyam—kintu teṣvapi sākāṅkṣatā'styeva; padāntaramantareṇa nirākāṅkṣapratyayānutpādāt . gomān kaḥ ? ityākāṅkṣāyā anivṛtteḥ .. ### [1.3.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.33) api ca parvatādiviśeṣyapratipattipūrvikā pāvakādiviśeṣaṇāvagatirliṅgādudeti . padāttu viśeṣaṇāvagatipūrvikā viśeṣyāvagatiriti viṣayabhedaḥ .. ### [1.3.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.34) nanu ! uktaṃ—yathā'numāne dharmaviśiṣṭo dharmī sādhyaḥ, evamihārthaviśiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ sādhyo bhavatu—maivam—śabdasya hetutvāt . na ca hetureva pakṣo bhavitumarhatīti .. ### [1.3.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.35) nanu ! yathā'gnimānayaṃ dhūmaḥ, dhūmatvāt mahānasadhūmavadityuktaṃ— ### [1.3.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.36) padānīti . gomān iti padena hi gosvāmirūpaḥ goviśiṣṭapuruṣarūpaḥ viśiṣṭo'rthaḥ pratīyate . tatra gopadārthasya puruṣasya ca svatvasvāmitvādikamapi tenaiva padena pratyāyyam . ataḥ padamapi anvitamevārthaṃ vākyārtharūpaṃ bodhayatyeva . tataśca tadvanmātraṃ padasyārthaṃ, anumānaṃ tu vākyārthaviṣakaṃ iti gatamevetyāśayaḥ . idaṃ ca suptiṅṃ padaṃ iti padalakṣaṇāmiprāyeṇa . śaktaṃ padaṃ iti siddhānte tu gomān iti viśiṣṭe naikā śaktiḥ, ataśca bodhakatvamapi na viśiṣṭasyeti nāyamākṣepaḥ .. ### [1.3.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.37) anivṛtteriti . tataśca na tāvanmātraṃ śabdapramāṇaṃ, vicārastu tadadhikṛtyaiva . gomān ityatra prakṛtipratyayabhāvāt kathañcit viśiṣṭabodhajanane'pi, anumiteḥ pakṣasādhyādiviśiṣṭapratītirūpatvāt, tādṛśaḥ bodhaḥ na ekena padena saṃbhavati, vākye tu śaktirnāstīti pūrvoktaṃ yuktameveti bhāvaḥ .. ### [1.3.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.38) viśeṣaṇeti . pārṣṇika eva khalu viśiṣṭabodhaḥ .. ### [1.3.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.39) agnimāniti . vyāpteḥ sambandharūpatvāt evaṃ vyavahāraḥ pūrva pu-311 mapyupapāditaḥ . naiyyāyikāstu dhūmameva dharmīkṛtya tasyaivāviśiṣṭatā sā deśasyāgniyuktasya, dhūmasyānyaiścakalpitāślo-vā-anu-48 iti . evaṃ gośabda evārthavattvena sādhyatām ! gośabdatvādityādi sāmānyaṃ ca hetūkriyatām ! iti—etadapi durghaṭam—śabdasya dharmiṇaḥ kiṃ arthaviśiṣṭatvaṃ vā sādhyate ? pratyāyanaśaktiviśiṣṭatvaṃ vā ? arthapratītiviśiṣṭatvaṃ vā ? na tāvadarthaviśiṣṭatvaṃ sādhyam; śailajvalanayoriva śabdārthayoḥ dharmadharmibhāvābhāvāt .. athārthaviṣayatvācchabdasyārthaviśiṣṭatetyucyate; tadapyayuktam; tatpratītijananamantareṇa tadviṣayatvānupapatteḥ . pratītau tu siddhāyāṃ kiṃ tadviṣayatvadvārakeṇa taddharmatvena ? yadi tu tadviṣayatvamūlā taddharmatvapūrvikā'rthapratītiḥ, arthapratītimūlaṃ tadviṣayatvam, taditaretarāśrayam . tasmānnārthaviśiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ sādhyaḥ .. nāpyarthapratyāyanaśaktiviśiṣṭaḥ; tadarthitayā śabdaprayogābhāvāt .. na śaktisiddhaye śabdaḥ kathyate śrūyate'pi vā . arthagatyarthamevāmuṃ śṛṇvanti ca vadanti ca .. 22 .. nāpyarthapratītiviśiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ pakṣatāmanubhavitumarhati; siddhyasiddhivikalpānupapatteḥ .. asiddhayā'pi tadvattvaṃ śabdasyārthadhiyā katham ? siddhāyāṃ tatpratītau vā kimanyadanumīyate .. 23 .. manumeyāmāhurityāha—dhūmasyeti iti nyāyaratnākaraḥ . antareṇeti na hi śabdaḥ budhyādivat saviṣayaḥ padārthaḥ . siddhāyāmiti . tadeva khalvadya vicāryate . ataḥ tathā vivakṣā na saṃbhavati . vivakṣāyāṃ ca anyonyāśrayo jāgarūkaḥ . arthasya śabdadharmatvasiddhau, bodhasaṃbhavaḥ . bodhe jāta eva tannibandhanatadvarmatvasiddhiḥ iti . tadarthitayā—tadapekṣayā—tadicchayā .. ### [1.3.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.40) viśiṣṭa iti . vaiśiṣṭyaṃ cātra na janyajanakabhāvarūpaṃ, kintu pūrvottarakālasambandhitvamātram . tena anupadoktāt itaretarāśrayagrastapakṣāt viśeṣaḥ .. ### [1.3.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.41) jvalanādāvapi tulyo vikalpa iti cet; na hi tatrāgnirdhūmena janyate, api tu gamyate . iyaṃ tvarthapratītirjanyate śabdenetyasyāmeva siddhāsiddhatvavikalpāvasaraḥ . tasmāt tridhā'pi na śabdasya pakṣatvam .. ### [1.3.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.42) api ca gośabde dharmiṇi gatvādisāmānyātmakasya hetorgrahaṇaṃ, tato vyāptismaraṇam, tataḥ parāmarśaḥ, tato'rthapratipattiriti kāladrāghīyastvāt dharmī tirohito bhavet . na parvatavadavasthitiḥ tasya . api tūccaritapradhvaṃsitvaṃ śabdasya . na ca śabdamarthavattvena lokaḥ pratipadyate, kintu śabdāt pṛthagevārthamiti na sarvathā śabdaḥ pakṣaḥ . ato dharmaviśiṣṭasya dharmiṇaḥ sādhyasyedvāsaṃbhavācchabdaliṅgayormahān viṣayabhedaḥ .. ### [1.3.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.43) sāmagrībhedaḥ khalvapi—pakṣadharmānvayādirūpasāpekṣamanumānaṃ vyākhyātaṃ, śabde tu na tāni santi rūpāṇi . tathā ca śabdasya ### [1.3.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.44) jvalanādāviti . agniviśiṣṭadhūmasya pakṣatvāt sādhyasya pakṣe'ntarbhāvaḥ samāna eva . na hīti . agnivaiśiṣṭyaṃ ca dhūme vyāpyavyāpakabhāvataḥ, na tu janyajanakabhāvataḥ . tādṛśaṃ ca liṅgaṃ agnergamakamiti na anyonyāśrayasya, sidhyasiddhivikalpasya vā prasaktiḥ . prakṛte tu śabdādhīnabodhasya śabdaviśeṣaṇatvāt doṣa eva . ata eva vācyavācakabhāvasambandhāt arthaviśiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ arthasya gamako bhavatviti śaṃkā'pi nirastā . vācyavācakabhāvasyaiva gamakatvarūpatvāt, tasyaiva vicāryamāṇatvāt .. ### [1.3.45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.45) gatvādi—atra ādinā taduttaraotvaādigrahaṇam . dharmī—śabdaḥ . nanu tarhi śabdasya pakṣatvaṃ kutrāpi na syāt, tataśca śabdānityattrādyanumānānāmapi jalāñjalirityataḥ anubhavavirodhamāha—na ceti . yadyapi loke'pi arthavānayaṃ śabdaḥ, nirarthako'yaṃ śabda ityādirasti vyavahāraḥ, athāpīdamabhyujayadūṣaṇaṃ bhavatu, mukhyadūṣaṇaṃ tu ādāvevoktam .. ### [1.3.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.46) pakṣatvapratikṣepānna taddharmatayā gatvādisāmānyasya liṅgatā . na cārthasya dharmitvam; siddhyasiddhivikalpānupapatteḥ . na ca taddharmatvaṃ śabdasya śakyate vaktum; tatra vṛttyabhāvāt . pratītijanakatvena taddharmatāyāmucyamānāyāṃ pūrvavaditaretarāśrayaḥ; pakṣadharmādivalena pratītiḥ, pratītau ca satyāṃ pakṣadharmādirūpalābhaḥ .. ### [1.3.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.47) api ca yadyarthadharmatayā śabdasya pakṣadharmatvaṃ bhavet, tadā'navagatadhūmāgnisambandho'pi yathā dhūmasya parvatadharmatāṃ gṛhṇātyeva, tathā'navagataśabdārthasambandho'pi arthadharmatāṃ śabdasya gṛhṇīyāt; na ca gṛhṇātītyato nāsti pakṣadharmatvaṃ śabdasyeti .. ### [1.3.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.48) anvayavyatirekāvapi tasya durupapādau; deśe kāle ca śabdārthayoranugamābhāvāt . na hi yatra deśe śabdaḥ tatrārthaḥ . yathoktaṃ śrotriyaiḥ—mukhe hi śabdamupalabhāmahe, bhūmāvartham iti . vayaṃ tu karṇākāśe śrotramupalabhāmahe—ityāstāmetat .. ### [1.3.49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.49) nāpi yatra kāle śabdaḥ tatrārthaḥ; idānīṃ yudhiṣṭhirārthābhāve'pi yudhiṣṭhiraśabdasadbhāvāt . arthaśabdārthayoḥ anvayābhāve'pi tadbuddhyoranvayo grahīṣyate ityucyate . tarhi vaktavyaṃ—kiṃ arthabuddhāvutpannāyāmanvayo gṛhyate ? anutpannāyāṃ vā ? anutpannāyāṃ tāvat ### [1.3.50](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.50) nanu gopadavācyaḥ kaḥ ? iti tātparyeṇa kaḥ gauḥ? iti praśnaḥ, ayaṃ gauḥ ityuttaraṃ ca sarvānubhavasiddham . ataḥ kathañcit śabdārthayoḥ sambandha upapādanīyaḥ . tamādāyaiva arthasya pakṣatvamupapādayāmaḥ—iti śaṃkāyāṃ āha— api ceti . uktapraśnagatagabādipadāni vācyaparyantaṃ upacaritāni . anyathā vyāptimajānato'pi, prathamaṃ vā dhūmavān parvata itivat vācyavācakanāmajānato'pi ayaṃ gauḥ iti pratyayaḥ syāt . ataḥ śabdaḥ nārthadharmaḥ .. ### [1.3.51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.51) cakāraḥ vā'rthe . vayaṃ tvityādi . bhūmāvartham iti tu sthitameva .. ### [1.3.52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.52) svarūpāsattvāt kuto'nvayagrahaṇam ? utpannāyāṃ tvarthabuddhau kimanvayagrahaṇeneti naiṣphalyam . tatpūrvakatve tu pūrvavaditaretarāśrayam . etena vyatirekagrahaṇamapi vyākhyātam .. ### [1.3.53](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.53) nanu ! āvāpodvāpadvāreṇa śabdārthasambandhe niścīyamāne upayujyete evānvayavyatirekau . yathoktam ślo. vā. 1-1-7-160— yatra yo'nveti yaṃ śabdamarthastasya bhavedasau iti— satyametat—kintu samayabalena siddhāyāmarthabuddhau samayaniyamārthābanvayavyatirekau śabde; nānvayavyatirekakṛtā ca dhūmāderivāgneḥ tato'rthabuddhiḥ .. ### [1.3.54](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.54) api ca— ### [1.3.55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.55) dhūmādibhyaḥ pratītiśca naivāvagatipūrvikā . ihāvagatipūrvaiva śabdādutpadyate matiḥ .. 24 .. ### [1.3.56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.56) āvāpetyādi . āvāpodvāpābhyāṃ śaktigraha iti siddhānte'pi sammatam . śaktigraho nāma ayaṃ śabdaḥ etadarthavācītyevaṃrūpaḥ vācyavācakabhāvagraha eva . tathā ca tatra śabdārthayoranvayavyatirekau dṛṣṭāvevetyarthaḥ . samayabaleneti . gāmānaya itivākyaśravaṇasamanantaraṃ gavānayane pravṛtiṃ paśyataḥ sāmānyataḥ idaṃ gavānayanaṃ etacchabdamūlaṃ iti śaktigrahe siddhe kasya padasya gauḥ arthaḥ ? kasya ānayanam ityanavagame,—ghaṭaṃ ānaya aśvaṃ badhāna ityādyāvāpodvāpābhyāṃ sāmānyato gṛhītāṃ śaktiṃ viśiṣya jānāti bālaḥ . nātra śaktigrahaḥ āvāpodvāpāt, kintu tena niyamamātramiti nānumānarūpamiti bhāvaḥ .. ### [1.3.57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.57) nanu sāmānyaśaktirapi anvayavyatirekādhīnakāryakāraṇabhāvagrahamūlaiva vaktavyeti cet—tarhi anumānātsāmānyaśaktigrahaḥ, tato niyamajñānaṃ, tataśśaktiniścayaḥ, tataḥ śābdabodhaḥ kālāntare'pi—iti anumānapūrvako'thaṃ śābdabodhaḥ nānumānaṃ bhavitumarhatītyāha—api ceti .. ### [1.3.58](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.58) sthaviravyavahāre hi bālaḥ śabdāt kutaścana . dṛṣṭvā'rthamavagacchan taṃ svayamapyavagacchati .. 25 .. ### [1.3.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.59) yatrāpyevaṃ samayaḥ kriyate, etasmācchabdādayamarthastvayā pratipattavya iti—tatrāpi pratītireva kāraṇatvena nirdiṣṭā draṣṭavyā . tasmādanyo liṅgaliṅginoravinābhāvo nāma sambandhaḥ, anyaśca śabdārthayoḥ samayāparanāmā vācyavācakabhāvaḥ sambandhaḥ pratītyaṅgam . evaṃvidhaviṣayabhedāt sāmagrībhedācca pratyakṣavadanumānādanyaḥ śabda iti siddham .. ### [1.3.60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.60) yattu pūrvavarṇakramāpekṣaṇādivailakṣaṇyamāśaṅkya dūrṣitam pu. 402 —kastatra phalguprāye nirbandhaḥ .. ### [1.3.61](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.61) nanu jñāyamāno dhūma eva karaṇamityuktam ? iti śaṅkāyāṃ svāśayaṃ vivṛṇotisthaviretyādi . kutaścana śabdāt—ityanvayaḥ . vyavahārācchaktigrahasyānumānikatvaṃ sarvasammatameva . tathā ca dhūmādvahnyanumānasthale mahānasādau pratyakṣādeva dhūmavahnyoḥ avinābhāvarūpasambandhanirṇayaḥ prakṛte tu vṛddhavyavahārakāle'numānāt vācyavācakabhāvarūpasambandhanirṇayaḥ . tataścānumānādhīnapravṛttikaḥ śabdaḥ kathaṃ anumānaṃ syāt ? nanu anumānapūrvakamapyanumānaṃ bhavitumarhati, dhūmāt vahnanumāne, tena tatra puruṣānumānāt iti cet; tathāpi anumānāt vācyavācakabhāvasyaivāvagamaḥ . vācyavācakabhāvaśca nāvinābhāvarūpaḥ . śabdārthayoravinābhāvaḥ nirākriyata eveti . kiñca dhūmavahnyoḥ sambandhaḥ na saṅketamūlakaḥ, kintu svābhāvikaḥ .. ### [1.3.62](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.62) pratītiḥ—tādṛśapratipattavyatvaviṣayakapratītiḥ . anyaḥ—vilakṣaṇaḥ . pratyakṣavaditi . yatkiñcitsambandhamūlakatvamātrāt kroḍīkāre indriyārthasambandhamūlakaṃ pratyakṣamapi anumānaṃ syādityāśayaḥ .. ### [1.3.63](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.63) ityādinā viśeṣeṇapu. 402 iti pūrvapakṣiṇaiva vailakṣaṇyakathanāt nāsmābhiḥ vaktavyamavaśiṣyata ityabhiprāyeṇāha—phalguprāya iti .. ### [1.3.64](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.64) yatpunarabhihitam pu. 403 ślo. vā.—1-1-5. śabda. 23— ### [1.3.65](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.65) āptavādāvisaṃvādasāmānyādanumānatā ### [1.3.66](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.66) iti—tadatīva subhāṣitam ! viṣayabhedāt . āptavādatvahetunā hi śabdārthabuddheḥ prāmāṇyaṃ sādhyate; na tu saiva janyate . yadāha ślo. vā. 1-1-7-244, 246 ### [1.3.67](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.67) anyadeva hi satyatvamāptavādatvahetukam . vākyārthaścānya eveha jñātaḥ pūrvataraṃ ca saḥ .. ### [1.3.68](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.68) tataścedāptavādena satyatvamanumīyate . vākyārthapratyayasyātra kathaṃ syādanumānatā .. ### [1.3.69](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.69) janma tulyaṃ hi buddhīnāmāptānāptagirāṃ śrutau . janmādhikopayogī ca nānumāyāṃ trilakṣaṇaḥ iti .. ### [1.3.70](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.70) na ca prāmāṇyaniścayādvinā pratibhāmātraṃ taditi vaktavyam; śabdārthasaṃpratyayasyānubhavasiddhatvāt .. ### [1.3.71](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.71) sādhyate—niścīyate . saiva—arthaviṣakabuddhireva . uktameva upapādayati kumārilavākyaiḥ—yadāheti . idaṃ vākyaṃ satyam ? uta na ? iti saṃśaye āptoktatvaniścaye satyatvaniścayaḥ . tadvākyāt prathamaṃ arthapratītirjātaiva . ataḥ āptoktatvaṃ prāmāṇyaniścayahetuḥ, na tu śābdavodhahetuḥ . āptānāṃ anāptānāṃ vā vākye śrute śābdabodhaḥ aviśeṣeṇa jāyata eva . ataḥ āptatvasaṃvādāt na bodhajananam . anumāyāṃ ca trilakṣaṇo hetuḥ janmādhikopayogī na ityanvayaḥ . tathā ca bodhajananaṃ na tvaduktahetujanyamiti śabdo nānumānam . pūrvapakṣiṇaḥ bauddhasya dṛṣṭyā trilakṣaṇaḥ iti . tat—śābdānubhavarūpaṃ jñānam . prāmāṇyaniścayāt pūrvaṃ jātaṃ jñānaṃ kevalabhānamātraṃ, na tu vāstavikamiti vaktuṃ na śakyaṃ, anubhavaviruddhatvāt .. ### [1.3.72](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.72) etena vivakṣāviṣayatvamapi pu. 404 pratyuktam . na hi vivakṣā nāma śabdasya vācyo viṣayaḥ, kintvartha eva tathā .. ### [1.3.73](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.73) vivakṣāyāṃ hi śabdasya liṅgatvamiha dṛśyate . ākāśa iva kāryatvāt na vācakatayā punaḥ .. 26 .. ### [1.3.74](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.74) śabdāduccaritācca vācyaviṣayā tāvatsamutpadyate saṃvittistadanantaraṃ tu gamayetkāmaṃ vivakṣāmasau . arthopagrahavarjitāttu niyamātsiddhaivamājīvatā tadvācyārthaviśeṣitā tvavidite naiṣā tadarthe bhavet .. 27 .. ### [1.3.75](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.75) nanu ! siddhe pramāṇattve bhedābhedaparīkṣaṇam . kriyate, na tu śabdasya prāmāṇyamavakalpate .. 28 .. ### [1.3.76](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.76) arthapratītijanakaṃ pramāṇamiti varṇitam . vikalpamātramūlatvāt nārthaṃ śabdāḥ spṛśantyamī .. 29 .. ### [1.3.77](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.77) na vācyaḥ viṣayaḥ—vācyatayā na viṣaya iti bhāvaḥ . vivakṣāyāmityādi . śabdasya kāryatvāt samavāyikāraṇatayā yathā śabdaḥ ākāśānumāne heturbhavati, tathā icchāmantarā śabdaprayogāsaṃbhavāt tacchabdocchāraṇecchāmanumāpayet śabdaḥ, na tvartham . śabdādarthapratīterevābhāve etadarthabodhecchayā uccaritaḥ iti kathaṃ vaktuṃ śakyam . nānārthakasthale'pi bodhāḥ prathamaṃ jāyanta eva . eṣu kaḥ prayokturabhimataḥ iti saṃśaye paraṃ tātparyāparanāmikā icchā'nveṣaṇīyā prakaraṇādibhiḥ . ataśca āptoktatvavat idamapi na śābdabodhahetuḥ . śābdabodhajananānantaramapekṣaṇīyamastu kāmam .. ### [1.3.78](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.78) vikalpeti . niyamena pravṛttinimittapūrvikā śabdapravṛttiḥ . tena nāmajātyādikalpanāmūlakatvamanivāryamiti śabdānāṃ yathārthaviṣayatvaṃ nāstyeva .. ### [1.3.79](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.79) artho nirūpyamāṇaśca ko vā śabdasya śakyate ? vaktuṃ, na jātirna vyaktiḥ na tadvānnāma kaścana .. 30 .. ### [1.3.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.80) sambandho'pyasya nārthena nityo'sti samayo'stha vā ? śakyaḥ, sannapi vā boddhumarthe kathamatīndriye ? .. 31 .. ### [1.3.81](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.81) vākyārtho'pi na nirṇetuṃ pāryate pāramārthikaḥ . niyogabhāvanābhedasaṃsargādisvabhāvakaḥ .. 32 .. ### [1.3.82](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.82) tatpratītyabhyupāyaśca kiṃ padārthaḥ padāni vā ? vākyaṃ vā vyatiṣaktārthaṃ sphoṭo veti na lakṣyate .. 33 .. ### [1.3.83](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.83) siddhāyāmapi tadbuddhau tasyā draḍhimakāraṇam . nityatvamāptoktatvaṃ vā na samyagavatiṣṭhate .. 34 .. ### [1.3.84](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.84) na jātiriti . jātimātrasya śabdārthatve, vyaktibodho na syāt . vyaktimātrasya tathātve'nanugamāt vyaktyantarabodhanaṃ na syāt . jātimān padārthastu kaścana nāstyeva, kṛtsnaikadeśādivikalpadussthatvāt .. ### [1.3.85](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.85) samayaḥ—saṃketaḥ śaktyaparaparyāyaḥ . sa nityaścet śabdasyāpi nityatvaprasaṅgaḥ . anityaścedanavasthādussthitiḥ . atīndriye'rthe ca tādṛśasambandhagrahaṇaṃ katham ? kutrāpi kenāpi ayamasyārthaḥ iti pradarśayitumaśakyatvāt .. ### [1.3.86](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.86) evaṃ pratyekaṃ padānāṃ bodhakatvāsaṃbhave, viśiṣṭavākyārthaḥ niyogādirapi na saṃbhavatītyāha—vākyārtho'pīti . niyogaḥ vākyasyārtha iti prācīnamīmāṃsakāḥ, bhāvaneti navīnāḥ . parantu padairvā, padavācyairarthairvā, vākyādvā, sphoṭena vā tādṛśārthaḥ na kasyāpyanubhavasiddhaḥ . kathañciddvodhane'pi tādṛśavākyārthe prāmāṇyaṃ katham ? nityatvādikṛtaṃ tu durvacamevetyarthaḥ .. ### [1.3.87](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.87) pade nitye'pi vaidikyo racanāḥ kartṛpūrvikāḥ ? nityā vā ? kṛtakatve'pi kṛtāḥ keneti durgamam .. 35 .. ### [1.3.88](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.88) kartā'sti sa ca nirdvandvaḥ sa caikaḥ sa ca sarvavit . sa ca kāruṇiko veti pratipattuṃ na śakyate .. 36 .. ### [1.3.89](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.89) parasparaviruddhāśca santi bhṛyāṃsa āgamāḥ . teṣāṃ kasyeśvaraḥ kartā kasya neti na manmahe .. 37 .. ### [1.3.90](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.90) vede doṣāśca vidyante vyāghātaḥ punaruktatā . phalasyānupalaṃbhaśca tathā phalaviparyayaḥ .. 38 .. ### [1.3.91](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.91) kīdṛśaścārthavādānāṃ viruddhārthābhidhāyinām . mantrāṇāṃ nāmadheyādipadānāṃ vā samanvayaḥ .. 39 .. ### [1.3.92](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.92) siddhakāryopadeśācca vede saṃśerate janāḥ . kimasya kārye prāmāṇyaṃ siddhe'rthe vobhayatra vā ? .. 40 .. ### [1.3.93](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.93) tena vedapramāṇatvaṃ viṣame pathi vartate . jīvikopāyabuddhyā vā śraddhayā vā'bhyupeyatām .. 41 .. ### [1.3.94](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.94) pada iti . padānāṃ nityatve'pi tadracanāviśeṣarūpāṇāṃ vedavākyānāṃ kathaṃ nityatvam .. ### [1.3.95](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.95) tadaprāmāṇyaṃ anṛtavyāghātapunaruktebhyaḥnyā. sū. 2-1-58 ityuktaṃ saṃgṛhṇāti—paraspareti . udite juhoti anudite juhoti iti viruddhayormadhye kasya īśvaraḥ kartā ? kasya na ? anyatarāprāmāṇye taddṛṣṭāntenetarāprāmāṇyaṃ jāgartyeva . evaṃ putreṣṭau kṛtāyāmapi kadācitphalaṃ vyabhicarati ityanṛtatvam . triḥprathamāmanvāha ityādiḥ punaruktiḥ .. ### [1.3.96](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.96) siddha iti . vaidikeṣvevāsti vivādaḥ, kiṃ vedānāṃ siddhaparatvam ? uta kāryaparatvam ? iti . etādṛśānavasthādussthatvāt śabdaḥ na pramāṇam . yadyapi śabdasāmānyāprāmāṇyasādhana evopakramaḥ, athāpi vedaprāmāṇyarakṣaṇa eva śabdaprāmāṇyasamarthanasya paramoddeśyateti jñeyam .. ### [1.3.97](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.97) atrāmidhīyate—sarva evaite doṣā yathākramaṃ parihariṣyanta ityalabhasamāśvāsena . supratiṣṭhameva vedaprāmāṇyamavagacchatvāyuṣmān .. ### [1.3.98](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.98) nanu ! arthāsaṃsparśitvameva tāvatkathaṃ parihriyate . na hi bāhye'rthe śabdāḥ pratītimādadhati . te hi durlabhavastusaṃparkavikalpamātrādhīnajanmānaḥ svamahimānamanuvartamānāstiraskṛtavāhyārthasamanvayān vikalpaprāyān pratyayānutpādayanto dṛśyante—aṅgulyagre hastiyūthaśatamāste itītisvabhāva eva śabdānāmarthāsaṃsparśitvam .. ### [1.3.99](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.99) cakṣurādīnāmapi alīkakacakūrcakādipratītikāraṇatvamasti, na ca teṣāmarthāsaṃsparśitvamiti cet; na; teṣāṃhi timirādidoṣakaluṣitavapuṣāṃ tathāvidhavibhramakāraṇatvam, na tu svamahimnaiva . ihāpi puruṣadoṣāṇāmeṣa mahimā, na śabdānāmiti cet, maivam; doṣavato'pi puruṣasya mūkāderanuccāritaśabdasyedṛśaviplavotpādanapāṭavābhāvāt . asatyapi ca puruṣahṛdayakāluṣye yathāprayujyamānānyaṅgulyagrādivākyāni viplavamāvahantyeveti śabdānāmevaiṣa svabhāvaḥ, na vaktṛdoṣāṇām .. ### [1.3.100](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.100) aṅulyagraityādi . na hyasmāt vākyāt bodha eva na bhavatīti vaktuṃ śakyam, vyutpannānāṃ tasyānivāryatvāt . kintu jāto bodhaḥ pramā vā ? iti vicāraḥ syāt . sa tvanyo viṣayaḥ . śabdāstu asatyapi arthe bodhamutpādayitumalamiti tu durapahnavam .. ### [1.3.101](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.101) nanu cakṣurādikamapi kadācidalīkarajatādau pravartata eveti pratyakṣamapi na pramā syādityāśaṃkya, śabda-cakṣuṣorvailakṣaṇyamāha—cakṣurādīnāmiti . yathā pramujyamāneti . līlayā, yadṛcchayā, pramādādveti hetuḥ . tathācānvaya bādhakajñāne satyapi śabdaḥ pravartate api ca na cakṣurādi bādhakajñānodaye sati na viramati; viparītavedanajanmanaḥ śuktikārajatādibuddhiṣu vibhramasyāpāyadarśanāt . śabdastu śatakṛtvo'pi bādhyamāno yathaivoccaritaḥ karaśākhāśikhare kareṇuśatamāste iti tathaiva tathābhūtaṃ bhūyo'pi vikalpamayathārthamutpādayatyeveti vikalpādhīnajanmatvācchabdānāmevedaṃ rūpaṃ yat arthāsaṃsparśitvaṃ nāmeti . taduktam— vikalpayonayaḥ śabdāḥ vikalpāḥ śabdayonayaḥ . teṣāmanyonyasambandhe nārthaṃ śabdāḥ spṛśantyamī iti .. śabdānāṃ arthāsaṃsparśitvaṃ na svabhāva iti siddhāntaḥ atrābhidhīyate—bhavedetadevaṃ; yadi na kadācidapi yathārthaṃ śabdaḥ pratyayamupajanayet, arthāsaṃsparśitvamevāsya svabhāva iti gamyeta . bhavati tu guṇavatpuruṣabhāṣitāt nadyāstīre phalāni santi iti vākyāt atiraskṛtabāhyārtho yathārthaḥ pratyayaḥ; tataḥ pravṛttasya tadarthaprāpteḥ . na ceyamarthaprāptirarthasparśaśūnyādapi śabdavikalpāt pāraṃparyeṇa maṇiprabhāmaṇibuddhivadavakalpata ityupariṣṭāt vakṣyāmaḥ .. nanu ! guṇavadvaktṛkādaṅgulyādivākyāt dṛṣṭa evāsamīcīnaḥ pratyayaḥ—maitram—guṇavatāmevaṃvidhavākyoccāraṇacapalābhāvāt .. vyatirekataḥ śabdānāmayaṃ svabhāvaḥ, arthamantarāpi pravṛttiḥ iti . śuktirajatādau adhiṣṭhānatayā vā'rthasaṃsparśo'stīti alīkakeśādinaḥ niradhiṣṭhānabhramaviṣayatvenāvagatasya kathanam .. ### [1.3.102](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.102) na na viramati—ityanvayaḥ . apāyaḥ—nivṛttiḥ .. ### [1.3.103](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.103) guṇavaditi . guṇāḥ—pramādapratāraṇādyabhāvarūpāḥ .. ### [1.3.104](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.104) aṅgulyādivākyāt—aṅgulyagre hastiyūthaśatamāste ityādivākyāt . ### [1.3.105](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.105) yattu āpto'pi kaṃ cidanuśāsti—mā bhavānabhūtārthaṃ vākyaṃ vādīḥ—aṅgulikoṭau karighaṭāśatamāste—iti iti, tatretikaraṇāvacchinnasya dṛṣṭāntatayā śabdaparatvenopādānātpratiṣedhaikavākyatayā yathārthameva . arthaparatve tu niṣedhakavākyataiva na syāditi . tasmādāptavākyānāmayathārthatvābhāvānna svato'rthāsaṃspārśinaḥ śabdāḥ . puruṣa doṣānuṣaṅgakṛta evāyāṃ viplavaḥ .. ### [1.3.106](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.106) nanu ! āptairevaṃvidhavākyāprayoge'pi sandigdho vyatirekaḥ— kiṃ śabdānāṃ tadṛśasvabhāvābhāvādayathārthapratyayānutpādaḥ ? uta vaktṛdoṣābhāvāditi . naitadevam— ### [1.3.107](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.107) anuccaritaśabdo'pi puruṣo vipralaṃbhakaḥ . hastasaṃjñādyupāyena janayatyeva viplavam .. 42 .. ### [1.3.108](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.108) na ca hastasaṃjñādinā śabdānumānam, tatkṛtaśca viplava iti vaktavyam; itthamapratīteḥ . utpanne ca kvacinnadyādivākyādvijñāne taraṅgiṇītīramanusarannanāsāditaphalaḥ pravṛttabādhakapratyayaḥ puruṣamevā- ### [1.3.109](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.109) dṛṣṭāntatayeti—nirarthakavākyadṛṣṭāntatayā'nuvādamātramityarthaḥ . na syāditi—arthaparatve siddhe nirarthakavākyaniṣedhanadṛṣṭhāntatā kathamityarthaḥ . bhūtale ghaṭo nāstītyādāvapi khalu bhūtale ghaṭaḥ ityetāvān bhāgaḥ na svaparaḥ, kintu niṣedhyasamarpaṇaparaḥ .. ### [1.3.110](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.110) pūrvaṃ 415 pu doṣavato'pi puruṣasya mūkādeḥ ityuktaṃ anyathayan puruṣaguṇadoṣayoreva śabdānāṃ arthāvyabhicāravyabhicārayornidānamityāha— anuccaritetyādi .. ### [1.3.111](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.111) tatkṛtaḥ—śabdakṛtaḥ . tathā ca śabdasyaivāyaṃ doṣaḥ, na puruṣasyeti bhāvaḥ . itthamapratīteḥ . ceṣṭātaḥ śabdānumānānanubhavāt . taddhetorevataddhetutve madhye kiṃ tena, iti nyāyena arthānumānasyaiva nyāyyatvāt . athavā itthaṃ—śabdadoṣatvenetyarthaḥ . asminnarthe anubhavamāha—utpannepīti .. ### [1.3.112](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.112) ṣikṣipati—dhik ! hā ! tena durātmanā vipralabdho'smi iti . na śabdam . prāptaphalaśca pumāṃsameva ślāghate sādhu sādhunā tenopadiṣṭam iti . ataḥ puruṣadoṣānvayānuvidhānāt puruṣadoṣakṛta eva śabdādviplavaḥ, na svarūpanibandhanaḥ . tadabhāvakṛta eva āpteṣu tūṣṇīmātīneṣu vibhramānutpāda iti na sandigdho vyatirekaḥ .. ### [1.3.113](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.113) nanu ! puruṣadoṣāstatra kiṃ kuryuḥ ! puruṣasya hi guṇavato doṣavato vā śabdoccāraṇamātra eva vyāpāraḥ . tataḥ paraṃ tu kāryaṃ śabdāyattameveti tatsvarūpakṛta evāyaṃ vibhramaḥ .. ### [1.3.114](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.114) hanta ! tarhi vaktari guṇavati sati saritastīre phalāni santi iti samyakpratyaye'pi śabdasyaiva vyāpārāt puruṣasyoccāraṇamātre caritārthatvānnaikāstataḥ śabdasyārthāsaṃsparśitvameva svabhāvaḥ . yuktaṃcaitadeva—yaddīpavatprakāśatvamātrameva śabdasya svarūpam; na yathārthatvamayathārthatvaṃ vā . viparīte'pyarthe dīpasya prakāśatvānativṛtteḥ . ayaṃ tu viśeṣaḥ—pradīpe vyutpattinirapekṣameva prakāśatvam, śabdasya tu vyutpattyapekṣamiti . prakāśātmanastu śabdasya vaktṛguṇadoṣādhīne ### [1.3.115](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.115) sādhuḥ—ṛjumatiḥ . āpteṣu tūṣṇīmāsīneṣu iti śabdavyatirekopapādanārtham .. ### [1.3.116](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.116) kiṃ kuryuḥ ? ityasyaiva vivaraṇaṃ—puruṣasyetyādi . jñānasya pramātvatadabhāvau hi karaṇasvarūpādhīnau . śābdabodhe ca karaṇaṃ śabda eva . tataśca pramātvatadabhāvau tadadhīnāveva vaktavyau . puruṣaguṇadoṣau tatra kiṃ kuryāstām ? na hi dāhaheturagniḥ prayojakapuruṣānuguṇaṃ vyatyasyati iti bhāvaḥ .. ### [1.3.117](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.117) vaktarītyādi . ayamāśayaḥ—satyaṃ karaṇādhīnāveva tau . parantu puruṣadoṣāt karaṇamapi duṣṭaṃ bhavatyeva . na hi etāni karaṇāni svatantrāṇi . cakṣurādāvapi hi tulyaiva rītiḥ . ataḥ bodhajanane śabdānāṃ sāmye'pi, pramātvatadabhāvau asvayavyatirekābhyāṃ vaktṛguṇadoṣādhīnau iti śabdānāṃ ārthāsaṃsparśitvaṃ na svabhāvakṛtam .. ### [1.3.118](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.118) yathārthetaratve . ata evāṅguliśikharādhikaraṇakareṇuśatavacasi bādhite'pi punaḥ punaruccāryamāṇe bhavati vibhramaḥ; prakāśatvarūpānapāyāt . na tveṣa śabdasya doṣaḥ .. ### [1.3.119](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.119) padārthānāṃ tu saṃsargamasamīkṣya prajalpataḥ . vaktureva pramādo'yaṃ na śabdo'trāparādhyati .. 43 .. ### [1.3.120](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.120) taduktam—pramāṇāntaradarśanamatra bādhyate, na punarhastiyūthaśatamiti śābdo'nvayaḥ . puruṣo hi svadarśanaṃ śabdena pareṣāṃ prakāśayati . tatra taddarśanaṃ ce dduṣṭaṃ, duṣṭaḥ śābdapratyayaḥ . aduṣṭaṃ cet, aduṣṭa iti guṇavataḥ puruṣasyāduṣṭaṃ darśanaṃ bhavati, doṣavato duṣṭamiti . adṛṣṭvā'pi vastu yadupadiśyate so'pi buddhidoṣa eva . tasmāt puruṣagataguṇadoṣānvayavyatirekānuvidhāyitvāt tatkṛte eva śabdayathārthatvāyathārthatve . taduktam—tattvamapi bhavati vitathamapi bhavati iti .. ### [1.3.121](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.121) tenābhidhātṛdaurātmyakṛteyamayathārthatā . pratyayasyeti śabdānāṃ nārthāsaṃsparśitā svataḥ .. 44 .. ### [1.3.122](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.122) yā tu jātyādiśabdārthaparākaraṇavartmanā . arthāsaṃsparśitā proktā, sā purastānniṣetsyate .. 45 .. ### [1.3.123](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.123) pramāṇatvaṃ tu śabdasya kathamityatra vastuni . jaiminīyairayaṃ tāvatpīṭhabandho vidhīyate .. 46 .. ### [1.3.124](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.124) prāmāṇyamaprāmāṇyaṃ vā sarvavijñānagocaraḥ . svato vā parato veti prathamaṃ pradhivicyatām .. 47 .. ### [1.3.125](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.125) pramāṇāntaraṃ—śabdaprayogahetubhūtaṃ pratyakṣādi . arthaṃ budhvā hi śabdaracanā .. ### [1.3.126](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.126) niṣetsyate—pañcamāhnike jātisamarthanādibhiḥ .. ### [1.3.127](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.127) śabdasya vastuni pramāṇatvaṃ—ityanvayaḥ . athavā, ityatra vastuni— ityasmin viṣaye . prāmāṇyamiti . sarvavijñānaviṣayaṃ idaṃ tāvatparīkṣyatām . prāmāṇyavicāraprasaṅgasamarthanam—tatra pakṣabhedāśca nanu ! śabdaprāmāṇyacintāvasare sakalapramāṇaprāmāṇyavicārasya kaḥ prasaṅgaḥ ? na svātantryeṇa parīkṣaṇam, apitu tadarthameva, samānamārgatvāt . yathā'nyeṣāṃ svataḥ parato vā prāmāṇyaṃ, tathā śabdasyāpi bhaviṣyatīti . na hi tasya svarūpamiva prāmāṇyamapi tadvisadṛśamiti .. taducyate—kiṃ vijñānānāṃ prāmāṇyaprāmāṇyaṃ ceti dvayamapi svataḥ ? uta tadubhayamapi parataḥ ? āhosvidaprāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ, prāmāṇyaṃ tu parataḥ ? uta svit prāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ, aprāmāṇyaṃ tu parataḥ ? iti .. tatra sāṃkhyamatadūṣaṇam tatra dvayamapi svata iti tāvadasāṃpratam, pravṛttasya visaṃvādadarśanāt . yadi hi prāmāṇyamitaradvā svata eva jñānasya gamyeta, tarhi śuktau rajatajñānaṃ pramāṇatayā vā pratipannam ? anyathā vā ? pramāṇatvāpramāṇatve svataḥ kiṃ parato'thavā ? iti ślo. vā-coda-33 bhaṭṭavākyaṃ atra smaraṇīyam .. ### [1.3.128](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.128) tadarthameveti . vedaprāmāṇyasaṃrakṣaṇamevāsya śāstrasya paramaṃ prayojanamiti upakrame pu. 7 uktamapi smartavyam . kimityādi . ādyaḥ pakṣaḥ sāṃkhyānām . dvitīyaḥ siddhāntināṃ . tṛtīyaḥ saugatānām . caturthaḥ mīmāṃsakānām .. ### [1.3.129](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.129) prāmāṇyasya svatastvaparatastvakoṭyoḥ utpattijñaptibhede'nāpi bhedaḥ . prāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ utpadyate, svataḥ jñāyate ca; evaṃ parataḥ utpadyate, parataḥ jñāyate ca iti . jñānotpādakasāmagrayaiva prāmāṇyamapi jñāne utpadyate iti uptattau svatastvam . jñānagrāhakasāmagnayaiva prāmāṇyamapi gṛhyate iti jñaptau svatastvam . evaṃ jñānasāmānyasāmāgcyapekṣayā viśiṣṭasāmagryā prāmāṇyaṃ utpadyate iti utpattau paratastvam, jñānagrāhakasāmagryatiriktasāmagryaiva prāmāṇyaṃ gṛhyata iti jñaptau paratastvam .. ### [1.3.130](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.130) dvayamapi svata iti . ayaṃ bhāvaḥ sāṃkhyānāṃ—vṛttereva viṣayākāreṇa pariṇāmāt tasya ca bhramapramāsthale tulyatvāt ubhayapi svata eveti .. ### [1.3.131](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.131) pramāṇatvaparicchittauviṣaṃvadati tatkatham ? aprāmāṇyagṛhītauvā tasmin kasmāt pravartate ? .. 48 .. ### [1.3.132](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.132) etena tṛtīyo'pi pakṣaḥ pratyuktaḥ—yadapramāṇyaṃ svataḥ, prāmāṇyaṃ tu parata iti . svato hyaprāmāṇye niścite pravṛttirna prāpnotīti . kiñca aprāmāṇyamutpattau karaṇadoṣāpekṣam . niścaye bādhakajñānāpekṣam . tat kathaṃ svatobhavitumarhati ? ### [1.3.133](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.133) yacca aprāmāṇyamavastutvānna syāt kāraṇadoṣataḥ ślovā. 1-1-2-39 iti kaiściducyate, tadapi yatkiñcit . saṃśayaviparyayātmanaḥ apramāṇasya vastutvāttadgatamaprāmāṇyamapi vastveveti . paratastu prāmāṇyaṃ yathā nāvakalpate, tathā vistareṇocyate .. ### [1.3.134](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.134) evañcāyaṃ dvayamapi parata iti dvitīyapakṣapratikṣepo'pi bhaviṣyati . arthatathātvaprakāśakaṃ hi pramāṇamityuktam . tasya svaprameyāvyabhicāritvaṃ nāma prāmāṇyam . ataśca parāpekṣāyāṃ satyāṃ hi parata iti kathayitumucitam . na cāsya parāpekṣā kvacidvidyate .. ### [1.3.135](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.135) sā hi bhavantī utpattau vā syāt ? svakāryakaraṇe vā ? prāmāṇyaniścaye vā ? utpattau—kārakasvarūpamātrāpekṣā ? ### [1.3.136](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.136) aprāmāṇyaṃ svataḥ—aprāmāṇyaṃ hi prāmāṇyābhāvaḥ, abhāvastu nirupākhyaḥ na kāraṇajanyaḥ . prāmāṇyaṃ tu guṇa-saṃvāda-arthakriyādyadhīnamiti yuktaṃ parataḥ . etena ityasyaiva vivaraṇaṃ—svato hītyādi .. ### [1.3.137](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.137) ucyate—anūdyate . paratasttviti . saugatasammatamiti śeṣaḥ . ### [1.3.138](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.138) mīmāṃsakaḥ pratyavatiṣṭhate—evañceti . svakāryaṃ—arthaprakāśanarūpaṃ pramāṇaphalam . prathamakalpe'pi vikalpaṃ pradarśayati kāraketyādi .. ### [1.3.139](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.139) tadatiriktatadgataguṇāpekṣā vā ? kārakasvarūpamātrāpekṣāyāṃ siddhasādhyatvam . asatsu kārakeṣu kāryasya jñānasyātmalābhābhāvāt kasya prāmāṇyamaprāmāṇyaṃ vā cintyate ? ### [1.3.140](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.140) kārakātiriktatadadhikaraṇaguṇāpekṣaṇaṃ tu durghaṭam . aprāmāṇikatvena kāraṇaguṇānāmākāśakuśeśayasadṛśavapuṣāṃ apekṣaṇīyatvābhāvāt .. ### [1.3.141](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.141) na kāraṇaguṇagrāhi pratyakṣamupapadyate . cakṣurādeḥ parokṣatvāt pratyakṣāstadguṇāḥ katham ? .. 49 .. ### [1.3.142](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.142) liṅgaṃ cādṛṣṭasambandhaṃ na teṣāmanumāpakam . yathā'rthabuddhisiddhistu nirdoṣādeva kārakāt .. 50 .. ### [1.3.143](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.143) yadi hi yathā'rthatvāyathā'rthatvarūpadvayarahitaṃ kiñcit upalabdhyākhyaṃ kāryaṃ bhavet, tataḥ kāryatraividhyāt kāraṇatraividhyamavaśyamavasīyeta—yathā'rthopalabdheḥ guṇavatkārakaṃ kārakaṃ, ayathā' rthopalabdheḥ doṣakaluṣaṃ kārakaṃ kārakam, ubhayarahitāyāstu tasyāḥ svarūpāvasthitameva kārakaṃ kārakamiti . na tvevamasti . dvividhaiva khalviyamupalabdhiḥ—yathā'rthatvayathā'rthatvabhedena .. ### [1.3.144](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.144) siddhasādhyatvaṃ—asyaivāsmatsammatasvatastvarūpatvāt . ātmālābhaḥ— utpattiḥ .. ### [1.3.145](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.145) parokṣatvāt—atīndriyatvāt . nanu jñānasāmānyasāmagrīmātrādhīnaṃ yadi prāmāṇyaṃ, tarhi apramāyāmapi sāmānyasāmagryāḥ sattvāt tadapi svata eva syādityatrāha—yathārtheti . tathā ca doṣāḥ aprāmāṇyajñāne viśeṣasāmagrī, ato na tat svataḥ . doṣābhāvamātrādeva sāmānyasāmagrī pramājaniketi na doṣaḥ .. ### [1.3.146](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.146) kāryatraividhyaṃ viśadayati—yathārthopalabdherityādi .. ### [1.3.147](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.147) tatrāyathā'rthopalabdhistāvadduṣṭakārakakāryaiva dṛṣṭā .. ### [1.3.148](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.148) dṛṣṭaḥ kuṭilakumbhādisaṃbhavo duṣṭakāraṇāt . tathā mānāntarajñātāttimirāderdvicandradhīḥ .. 51 .. ### [1.3.149](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.149) ayathā'rthopalabdhau ca duṣṭakārakakāryatvena siddhāyāmidānīṃ tṛtīyakāryābhāvāt yathā'rthopalabdhiḥ svarūpāvasthitebhya eva kārakebhyo'vakalpata iti na guṇakalpanāyai prabhavati .. ### [1.3.150](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.150) anumāne ca yaiva pakṣadharmānvayādisāmagrī jñānasya janikā saiva prāmāṇyakāraṇatvena dṛṣṭā . na ca svarūpasthitāni kāraṇāni kāryajanmanyudāsata eva, yena yathā'rthopalabdhijanena teṣāṃ guṇakāritā kalpyetetyato na santi kāraṇaguṇāḥ .. ### [1.3.151](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.151) nairmalyavyapadeśastu locanādeḥ kācakāmalādidoṣāpāyanibandhana eva, na svarūpātiriktaguṇakutaḥ . añjanādyupayogo'pi doṣanirharaṇāyaiva, na guṇajanmane .. tasmādavitathā saṃvit svarūpasthitahetujā . doṣādhikaistu taireva janyate viparītadhīḥ .. 52 .. ### [1.3.152](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.152) nanu jñānadvaividhyāt sāmagrīdvaividhyamāvaśyakameveti, asmadiṣṭasiddhireveti śaṃkāyāṃ āha—tatreti . duṣṭakāraṇāt—kulālahastadoṣādirūpāt . guṇasadbhāve pramāṇābhāvasyopapāditatvāt, tadvailakṣaṇyārthaṃ mānāntarajñātāditi .. ### [1.3.153](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.153) guṇakalpanāyai—yathārthopalabdhikāraṇatvena guṇarūpasyātiriktakāraṇāmumānāya . guṇakāritā—guṇakāryatā .. ### [1.3.154](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.154) nanu nirmalaṃ cakṣureva pramājanakaṃ dṛṣṭam . ataśca doṣābhāva eva pramāyā atiriktā sāmagrī siddhetyatrāha—nairmalyeti . tathā ca doṣābhāvādiḥ karaṇasvarūpasaṃrakṣaṇamātropayogī, na tvatiriktātiśayajanam iti guṇānāṃ na pramāhetutvasiddhiḥ .. ### [1.3.155](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.155) ata evāpramāṇatvaṃ parato'bhyupagamyate . janmanyapekṣate doṣān bādhakaṃ ca svaniścaye .. 53 .. ### [1.3.156](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.156) tasmānnotpattau guṇāpekṣaṃ pramāṇam .. ### [1.3.157](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.157) nāpi svakāryakaraṇe kiñcidapekṣate; arthaprakāśanasvabhāvasyaiva tasya svahetorutpādāt . arthaprakāśanameva ca pramāṇakāryam, pravṛttyādeḥ puruṣecchānibandhanatvāt .. naiva vā jāyate jñānaṃ jāyate vā prakāśakam . arthaprakāśane kiñcit na tūtpannamapekṣate .. 54 .. tathā coktam— ### [1.3.158](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.158) mṛddaṇḍacakrasūtrādi ghaṭo janmanyapekṣate . udakāharaṇe tvasya tadapekṣā na vidyate iti .. ### [1.3.159](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.159) athavā— ### [1.3.160](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.160) sāpekṣatvaṃ ghaṭasyāpi salilāharaṇaṃ prati . yatkiñcidasti, na tvevaṃ pramāṇasyopapadyate .. 55 .. ### [1.3.161](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.161) na ca svagrahaṇāpekṣaṃ jñānamarthaprakāśakam . tasminnanavabuddhe'pi tatsiddheścakṣurādivat .. 56 .. ### [1.3.162](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.162) apekṣate . pramāṇajñānamiti śeṣaḥ . jñānasya svarūpameva hi tādṛśaṃ, ataḥ tatra na kāraṇāntaropekṣā .. ### [1.3.163](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.163) nanu jñānasya paramaṃ phalaṃ pravṛttirvā, nivṛttirvā . tacca pramāṇenaiva bhavitumarhati . na hi jñānasāmānyāt puruṣaḥ pravartate iti asti doṣābhāvasyāpyapekṣetyatrāha—pravṛttyāderiti . naiveti . jātaṃ jñānaṃ arthaprakāśarūpameva jāyeta, athavā na jāyetaiva . tasmādutpannaṃ jñānamarthaprakāśane na svarūpasāmagrayatiriktakāraṇāntaramapekṣate . tadapekṣā—kārakāntarāpekṣā .. ### [1.3.164](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.164) nanu tarhi puruṣavyāpāramantarā'pi ghaṭaḥ udakamāharet iti śaṅkāyāmāha— athaveti . ghaṭasya jahatvāt asti jalāharaṇe puruṣādyapekṣā . jñānaṃ tu svataḥ arthaprakāśanasamarthaṃ tatra na kāraṇāntaramapekṣate . na cāntataḥ jñānaṃ svayaṃ gṛhītameva arthaprakāśakamiti, tatrāsti kāraṇāntarāpekṣeti vācyam, jñānagrahaṇamantarā'pi viṣayabhānopapatteḥ . bhāṭṭaistayāṅgīkārāt . prakaraṇaṃ sarvamidaṃ ślokavārtika uktaṃ ca—na hyajñāte'rthe kaścidvuddhimupalabhate . jñāte tvanumānādavagacchati śā-bhā-1-1-5 iti . tasmāt svakāryakaraṇe'pi na svagrahaṇāpekṣaṃ pramāṇam .. prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ na svarūpasāmagryatiriktakāraṇādhīnaḥ nāpi prāmāṇyaniścaye kiñcidapekṣate; apekṣaṇīyābhāvāt . tathā hi—asya kāraṇaguṇajñānādvā prāmāṇyaniścayo bhavet ? bādhakābhāvajñānādvā ? saṃvādādvā ? na tāvatkāraṇaguṇajñānāt; kāraṇaguṇānāmidānīmeva nirastatvāt .. guṇajñānasyāsaṃbhāvaḥ api ca na kāraṇaguṇajñānamindriyakaraṇakam; atīndriyakārakādhikaraṇatvena parokṣatvādguṇānām . apitūpalabdhyākhyakāryapariśuddhisamadhigamyaṃ guṇasvarūpam . apravṛttasya ca pramāturna kāryapariśuddhirbhavati . tannedānīṃ prāmāṇyaniścayapūrvikā pravṛttirbhavet . anyathā vā'niścitaprāmāṇyādeva jñānāt pravṛttisiddhau kiṃ paścāttanniścayena prayojanam ? niścitaprāmāṇyāttu pravṛttau duratikramaḥ cakrakakrakacapātaḥ—pravṛttau satyāṃ kāryapariśuddhigrahaṇam, kāryapariśuddhigrahaṇāt kāraṇaguṇāvagatiḥ, kāraṇaguṇāvagateḥ prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ, prāmāṇyaniścayāt pravṛttiriti .. vivaraṇarūpaṃ avagantavyam . vistarabhayāt ślokā nodāhriyante . ajñāte'rtha iti . tathāca jñānāgrahe'pi arthagraho bhavitumarhatyeva .. ### [1.3.165](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.165) kāryapariśuddhisamadhigamyaṃ—jñānaprāmāṇyaniścayānumeyam . apravṛttasyeti . saphalapravṛttijanakatvāt khalu prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ . idanīṃ— arthaprakāśādhīnapravṛttisamaye . etatpravṛttyanantaraṃ, phalaprāptyā jñānasya prāmāṇyamanumāya, taddhetutayā guṇaḥ anumeya iti guṇajñānaṃ kutra upayujyata iti bhāvaḥ . anyathā vā ityasyaivavivaraṇaṃ aniścitetyādi .. ### [1.3.166](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.166) nāpi bādhakābhāvaparicchedāt prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ . sa hi tātkāliko vā syāt ? kālāntarabhāvī vā ? ### [1.3.167](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.167) tātkāliko na paryāptaḥ prāmāṇyapariniścaye . ### [1.3.168](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.168) kūṭakārṣāpaṇādau kiñcitkālamanutpannabādhake'pi kālāntare tadutpādadarśanāt .. ### [1.3.169](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.169) sarvadā tadabhāvastu nāsarvajñasya gocaraḥ .. 57 .. ### [1.3.170](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.170) atha saṃvādātprāmāṇyaniścaya ucyate ? tarhyucyatām—ko'yaṃ saṃvādo nāma ? kiṃ uttaraṃ tadviṣayaṃ jñānamātram ? utārthāntarajñānam ? āho svidarthakriyājñānamiti ? ### [1.3.171](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.171) ādye pakṣe kaḥ pūrvottarajñānayorviśeṣaḥ, yat uttarajñānasaṃvādāt pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ jñānaṃ prāmāṇyamaśnuvīta ? ### [1.3.172](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.172) api cottarasaṃvādāt pūrvapūrvapramāṇatām . vadanto nādhigaccheyurantaṃ yugaśatairapi .. 58 .. ### [1.3.173](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.173) sudūramapi gatvā tu prāmāṇyaṃ yadi kasya cit . svata evābhidhīyet ko dveṣaḥ prathamaṃ prati .. 59 .. ### [1.3.174](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.174) yadāha—kasya cittu yadīṣyeta svata eva pramāṇatā . prathamasya tathābhāve vidveṣaḥ kiṃnibandhanaḥ .. ślo. vā. coda—76 iti .. ### [1.3.175](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.175) athānyaviṣayajñānamanyasya saṃvāda ucyate—tadayuktam— adaśanāt . na hi stambhajñānaṃ kumbhajñānasya saṃvādaḥ .. ### [1.3.176](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.176) kālāntara iti . tathācetādṛśabādhakajñānābhāvaḥ aprayojakaḥ .. ### [1.3.177](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.177) kaḥ viśeṣa iti . tadidaṃ andhenāndhāya mārgadarśanatulyamiti bhāvaḥ .. ### [1.3.178](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.178) athārthakriyājñānasaṃvādātprathamasya pravartakasya jñānasya prāmāṇyamiṣyate, tadapi hyanavasitaprāmāṇyaṃ kathamādimasya prāmāṇyamavagamayet ? kaścārthakriyājñānasya pūrvasmādviśeṣaḥ, yadetadāyattastasya prāmāṇyādhigamaḥ . arthakriyājñānatvameva viśeṣa iti cet, kila salilajñānamādyamavidyamāne'pi payasi pūṣadīdhitiṣu pravartakaṃ dṛṣṭamiti na bhavati visraṃbhabhūmiḥ .. ### [1.3.179](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.179) idaṃ punararthakriyāsaṃvedanaṃ ambumadhyavartinaḥ pānāvagāhanādiviṣayamudetītyanavadhāritavyabhicāritayā tatprāmāṇyaniścayāya kalpata iti—tadasat—svapne pānāvagāhanasyāpi vyabhicāropalabdheḥ .. ### [1.3.180](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.180) kiñca caramadhātuvisargo'pi svapne sīmantinīmantareṇa bhavatīti mahāneṣa vyabhicāraḥ .. ### [1.3.181](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.181) atha rāgodrekanimittatvena pittādidhātuvikṛtinibandhanatvena vā tadvisargasya na svasādhanavyabhicāra ityucyate—tadasamañjasam— asakṛdanubhūtayuvatipariraṃbhādyanvayavyatirekānuvidhāyitvena tatkāryatvāvadhāraṇāt .. ### [1.3.182](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.182) arthakriyetyādi . vastunaḥ arthakriyākāritvaṃ svarūpataḥ na prāmāṇyaniścayahetuḥ, kintu tanniścaya eva . tatra ca prāmāṇyaṃ kena nirṇītam ? viśeṣaḥ—prāmāṇyasvarūpāṃśe . etadāyattaḥ—arthakriyājñānādhīnaḥ . kila iti granthakāraśailī . pravartakamiti . jñānasya phalaṃ pravṛttirityanupadamuktam .. ### [1.3.183](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.183) nedṛśamarthakriyākāritvaṃ vivakṣitamiti śaṅkate—idaṃ punariti . etādṛśaṃ tvityarthaḥ .. ### [1.3.184](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.184) nanu bhavaduktaṃ pānādipratibhāsamātraṃ, na tu pānādikam . na hi svāpnajalāvagāhanena śarīraṃ ārdra bhavatītiśaṅkāyāṃ, tatrāpi dṛṣṭāntamāha—kiñceti tatkāryatvaṃ—yuvatipariraṃbhakāryatvam . caramadhātuvisargasyeti śeṣaḥ .. ### [1.3.185](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.185) tasmādarthakriyājñānavyabhicārāvadhāraṇāt . tatprāmāṇyaparīkṣāyāmanavasthā na śāmyati .. 60 .. ### [1.3.186](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.186) athavā''ptaphalatvena kiṃ tatprāmāṇyacintayā ? prathame'pi pravṛttatvāt kiṃ tatprāmāṇyacintayā ? .. 61 .. ### [1.3.187](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.187) na cedamarthakriyājñānamapravṛttasya puṃsassamudbhavati . tatra prāmāṇyāvadhāraṇapūrvikāyāṃ pravṛttau kāraṇaguṇaniśceyaprāmāṇyacarcābaddhacakrakakrakacacodyaprasaṅgastadavastha eva .. ### [1.3.188](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.188) aniścitaprāmāṇyasya tu pravṛttau paścāttannirṇayo bhavannapi kṛtakṣaurasya nakṣatraparīkṣāvat aphala evetyuktam .. ### [1.3.189](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.189) tataitatsyāt—dvividhā hi pravṛttiḥ—ādyā ca, ābhyāsikī ca . tatrādyā yathā—vinihitasalilāvasiktamasṛṇamṛdi śarāve śālyādibījaśaktiparīkṣaṇāya katipayabījakaṇāvāparūpā . tatastatra teṣāmaṅkarakaraṇakauśalamavikalamavalokayantaḥ kīvāśā niśśaṅkaṃ kedāreṣu tāni bījānyāvapantīti seyamābhyāsikī pravṛttiḥ . evamihāpi prathamaparīkṣitapramāṇabhāvādeva jñānātkutaścitkaścidvipaścidapi vyavaharaṃstadvyavahāra parastattatphalajñāne tasya prāmāṇyabhavagacchan punastathāvidhe jāte sati sukhameva pravṛttyādikaṃ vyavahārabhaśaṅkitakāluṣyaḥ kariṣyatīti na sarvātmanā vaiyarthyamiti .. ### [1.3.190](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.190) āptaphalatvena—phalaprāptyanantaraṃ prāmāṇyavicāraṇena kiṃ sādhyamiticet—prāthamikajñānena pravṛtterniṣpannatvena anantaraṃ vā tadvicāreṇa kiṃ sādhyam ? ataḥ prāmāṇyasya paratastvaṃ niravakāśam . etadevopapādayati—ma cedamityādinā .. ### [1.3.191](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.191) ādyā—prāthamikī . kīnāśāḥ—karṣakāḥ .. ### [1.3.192](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.192) ucyate—viṣamo'yaṃ dṛṣṭāntaḥ— ### [1.3.193](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.193) tajjātīyatayā bījaṃ śakyate yadi veditum . tatra tanniścayādyuktaṃ nirviśaṅkaṃ pravartanam .. 62 .. ### [1.3.194](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.194) jñāne tathāvidhatvaṃ tu bodharūpāviśeṣataḥ . kāryādvā kāraṇādvā'pi jñātavyaṃ na svarūpataḥ .. 63 ..—iti .. ### [1.3.195](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.195) kāraṇānāṃ parokṣatvāt na taddvārā tadāgatiḥ . kāryaṃ tu nāpravṛttasya bhavatītyupavarṇitam .. 64 .. ### [1.3.196](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3.196) tasmādvaiyarthyacodyasya nāyaṃ parihṛtikramaḥ . evaṃ cārthakriyājñānāt kīdṛk prāmāṇyaniścayaḥ .. 65 .. _First 196 of 1,093 passages. [Read on](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3)_ ## Commentaries (1) - [Nyāyamañjarīgranthibhaṅga](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari!granthibhanga.3.20) — Cakradhara, Sanskrit ## Linked texts (7) - [Nyāyaratnamālā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.nyayaratnamala.2.3.p18) — Pārthasārathi Miśra, Sanskrit - [With Śaṅkara's bhāṣya (Sansknet input)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.vedanta.brahmasutra!sankara!ratnaprabha*withbhasya.1.175.2) — Sanskrit - [Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.8.4) — Sanskrit - [Pramāṇavārttika (ed. Rāhula Sāṅkṛtyāyana)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.darsana.pramana.pramanavarttika*sankrtyayana.2.330) — Sanskrit - [Nyāyacandrikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.vada.nyaya-khandana.nyayacandrika.1.p728) — Ānandapūrṇa Vidyāsāgara, Sanskrit - [Nyāyacandrikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.nyayacandrika.1.p728) — Gaṅgādhara, Sanskrit - [Vidhirasāyana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.8.19.p1.7) — Appayya Dīkṣita 1560, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.1.3) · Pramāṇa