[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari) › 2.2 # A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers 2.2: ṣaṣṭhamāhnikam—śabdaparīkṣā · padavākyasvarūpavimarśaḥ Nyāyamañjarī 2.2 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### ṣaṣṭhamāhnikam—śabdaparīkṣā · padavākyasvarūpavimarśaḥ ### [2.2.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.1) nanu nādyāpi śabdasya niraṇāyi pramāṇatā . bījaṃ padārthavākyārthabuddherna hi nirūpitam .. ### [2.2.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.2) ucyate—kimatra nirūpaṇīyam ? yadanantaraṃ hi yadbhavati tattasya nimittam . padavākyaśravaṇe sati padārthavākyārthasaṃpratyayo bhavatīti te eva tatra nimittam .. ### [2.2.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.3) kiṃ punaridaṃ padaṃ nāma ? kiṃca vākyamiti . uktamatra varṇasamūhaḥ padam, padasamūho vākyamiti .. ### [2.2.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.4) nanu ! etadeva na kṣamante . na hi varṇānāṃ samūhaḥ kaścidasti vāstavaḥ . tena kutastatsamūhaḥ padaṃ bhaviṣyati ? tadabhāvācca na tarāṃ padasamūho vākyamavakalpate . na ca varṇānāṃ vyastasamastavikalpopahatatvena vācakatvamupapadyate . tasmādanya eva sphoṭātmā śabdo'rthapratipādaka iti pratijānate .. ### [2.2.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.5) nanu ! evamastu . sphoṭo'nya evārthapratipādako bhavatu . kā kṣatirnaiyāyikānām ? kathaṃ na kṣatiḥ ! āptapraṇītatvena hi śabdasya pramāṇyaṃ tairuktam . sphoṭasya ca nityatvena nāptapraṇītatvam . ataśca yasyānityatvaṃ varṇātmanaḥ śabdasya sādhitam, nāsāvarthapratītihetuḥ . ato na pramāṇam . yaścārthapratītihetuḥ sphoṭātmā śabdaḥ, tasya nānityatvam, na cāptapraṇītatvamiti asthāne naiyāyikāḥ kliṣṭā bhaveyuḥ . tasmādanityānāṃ varṇānāmeva vācakatvaṃ pratiṣṭhāpanīyam . parākaraṇīyaśca sphoṭa iti .. ### [2.2.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.6) taducyate—gakārādivarṇāvagame satyarthapratīterbhāvāt, tadabhāve cābhāvāt teṣāmevārthapratyāyanasāmarthyam . ta eva ca śravaṇakaraṇakāvagamagocaratayā śabdavyapadeśabhāja iti na pratītyanupārūḍhaḥ sphoṭo nāma śabdaḥ kaścit pratyakṣānumānātītaḥ parikalpanīyaḥ .. ### [2.2.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.7) āha—kathamevaṃ bhaviṣyati ? dūrāpetā ime manorathāḥ . kuto varṇānāmarthapratyāyakatvam ? te hi varṇā gakārādayaḥ arthaṃ pratipādayantaḥ samastāḥ pratipādayeyuḥ ? vyastā vā ? na tāvadvyastāḥ; ekaikavarṇākarṇane satyapyarthapratīteranutpādāt . sāmastyaṃ varṇānāṃ nāstyeva . taddhi sattā mātreṇa vā syāt ? pratīyamānatvena vā ? naiyāyikapakṣe tāvat sattayā yaugapadyamavidyamānam, āśuvināśinaḥ śabdasya darśitatvāt .. ### [2.2.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.8) athāpi mīmāṃsakamatena nityaḥ śabda iṣyate, tatrāpi sattayā yaugapadyasya sakalavarṇasādhāraṇatvāt kena varṇasamudāyena ko'rthaḥ pratyāyyeteti nāvadhāryate .. ### [2.2.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.9) arthocyate—na cakṣurādīnāmiva varṇānāṃ kārakatvam, yenāgṛhī tānāmeva satāṃ yaugapadyamātramarthapratyāyanāṅgaṃ syāt . jñāpakatvātteṣāṃ gṛhītānāṃ satāṃ dhūmādivat pratyāyakatvamiti pratītāveva sāmastyamupayujyate iti .. ### [2.2.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.10) etadapyaghaṭamānam . pratītisāmastyaṃ hi kimekavaktṛprayuktānāṃ varṇānām ? uta nānāpuruṣabhāṣitānām ? tatra—ekadā anekapuruṣabhāṣitānāṃ kolāhalasvabhāvatvena svarūpabheda eva duravagama iti kasya sāmastyamasāmastyaṃ vā cintyeta ? satyapi vā tathāvidhe sāmastye nāstyevārthapratītiḥ .. ### [2.2.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.11) ekavaktṛprayuktānāṃ tu prayatnasthānakaraṇakramāparityāgāt avaśyaṃbhāvī kramaḥ . krame ca satyekaikavarṇakaraṇikārthapratītiḥ prāpnoti . na cāsau dṛśyata iti vyastasamastavikalpānupapatteḥ na varṇā vācakāḥ .. ### [2.2.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.12) varṇaviṣayā api buddhayastathaiva vikalpanīyāḥ . tā api na yugapatsaṃbhavanti . krame ca sati ekaikavarṇabuddherarthasaṃpratyayaḥ prasajyeteti .. ### [2.2.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.13) yadapyucyate—pūrvapūrvavarṇajanitasaṃskārasahitaḥ—antyavarṇaḥ pratyāyaka iti—tadapyayuktam—saṃskāro hi nāma yadanubhavajanitaḥ, tadviṣayameva smaraṇamupajanayati, na punararthāntaraviṣayaṃ jñānamiti . smṛtidvāreṇāsau tarhyarthapratyāyako'sau bhaviṣyatīti cet—etadapi nāsti, jñānayaugapadyaprasaṅgāt . antyavarṇajñānānantaraṃ hi pūrvavarṇasmaraṇamiva samayasmaraṇamapi tadaivāpatati . tataśca jñānayaugapadyam .. ### [2.2.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.14) na ca kramotpāde kiṃcitkāraṇamutpaśyāmaḥ . athāpi tena krameṇa bhavetām, tathāpi tadānīmantyavarṇajñānamuparatamiti kasya sāhāyyakaṃ pūrvaṃ varṇasmṛtirvidadhātīti .. ### [2.2.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.15) etaccānekapūrvavarṇaviṣayāmekāṃ smṛtimamabhyupagamyoktam . na puna rekā sarvavarṇagocarā smṛtiḥ . kutaḥ ? ### [2.2.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.16) bhinnopalaṃbhasaṃbhūta vāsanābhedanirmitāḥ . bhaveyuḥ smṛtayo bhinnāḥ na tvekā'nekagocarāḥ .. ### [2.2.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.17) atha vadet—saṃkalanājñānamekaṃ sadasadvarṇagocaraṃ bhaviṣyati . tadrūpārūḍhāśca varṇāḥ arthaṃ pratyāyayiṣyantīti—tadapi durāśāmātram—tathā vidhajñānotpattau kāraṇābhāvāt . na cendriyamatītavarṇagrahaṇasamartham . na saṃskāro vartamānagrāhī bhavati . na ca yugapadindriyaṃ saṃskāraścemāṃ buddhiṃ janayataḥ; saṃskārasya sahacāradarśanādyāhitaprabodhasya sataḥ, smaraṇamātrajanmani nirjñātasāmarthyasyendriyeṇa saha vyāpārābhāvāt . tasmāt na varṇā vācakāḥ .. ### [2.2.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.18) ataścaivam—yadi te vācakā bhaveyuḥ, viparītakramaprayuktā apyarthaṃ gamayeyuḥ . kramaścedapekṣyate, sa vyatiriktāvyatiriktatayā cintanīyaḥ . avyatireke ta eva te varṇa iti kathaṃ na bodhakāḥ ? vyatireke tu kimapyadhikaṃ vācakaṃ abhyupagataṃ bhavatīti matpakṣamājigamiṣati bhavān .. ### [2.2.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.19) nanu ? vyutpattivaśena śabdaḥ arthapratyāyakatāmupayāti . vyutpattau ca yāvanto yatkramāvarṇā yadarthamabhivadanto dṛṣṭāḥ, te tāvantaḥ tatkramakāstamarthamabhivadiṣyantīti kiṃ vikalpamālayā . taduktam ślo. vā. 1-1-5 sphoṭavāda ślo 69— ### [2.2.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.20) yāvanto yādṛśā ye ca yadarthapratipādane . varṇāḥ prajñāsāmarthyaḥ te tathaivāvabodhakāḥ iti .. ### [2.2.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.21) taducyate—vyutpattireveyaṃ vicāraṇīyā vartate . parāvagatipūrvikā hi śabdāt svayamavagatiḥ . parāvagatau ca ke kiyantaḥ kathaṃ kamarthaṃ pratipādayanto'nena dṛṣṭāḥ yebhyastathaiva tamarthaṃ pratīyāditi duradhigamā hi varṇavartanī .. yāvanto yādṛśā ye cetyevaṃ tāvatprabhāṣase . kiyantaḥ kīdṛśāḥ kecetyevaṃ yāvanna pṛcchayase .. tasmāt sarvaprakāramavācakā varṇāḥ .. ### [2.2.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.22) asti ceyaṃ śabdāduccaritāt tadarthāvagatiḥ . na ceyamakaraṇikaiva bhavitumarhati . tadasyāḥ karaṇaṃ sphoṭa iti kāryānumānamidamastu, pari śeṣānumānaṃ vā, arthāpattirvā . sarvathā'rthapratītilakṣaṇakāryavaśāt kalpya mānaṃ tat karaṇaṃ sphoṭa ityucyate . sa ca niravayavaḥ, nityaḥ, ekaḥ, niṣkāraṇaka iti na varṇapakṣakṣepaṇadakṣadūṣaṇapātratāṃ pratipadyate . ataśca sphoṭo'rthapratipādakaḥ, śabdādarthaṃ pratipadyāmaha iti vyavahārāt . bhavato hi varṇajanitassaṃskāro'rthapratipādakaḥ . tatra śabdāt iti prātipadikārthī'nupapannaḥ .. ### [2.2.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.23) atha varṇāḥ śabdaśabdenocyante . te cārthapratipādakāḥ iti—idamanyathāsiddham—tathāpi śabdāt' ityekatvaṃ vibhaktyartho na saṃgacchate . śabdebhyaḥ pratipadyāmaha iti vyavahāraḥ syāt . sphoṭātmani tu śabde'rtha pratipādake iṣyamāṇe śabdāt iti prātipādikārthaḥ, vibhaktyarthaśca dvayamapyupapannam .. ### [2.2.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.24) nanu ! na sphoṭaḥ śabdaśabdenocyate, kintu varṇā eva . śrotragrahaṇe hyarthe śabdāśabdaḥ prasiddhaḥ . ta eva ca śrotragrahaṇā iti—naitadevam— śabdatvasyāpi śrotragrahaṇātmano bhāvāt . nirjhara jhāṅkāraravaprabhṛtīnāṃ ca satyapi śrotragrahaṇatve śabdakāryanirvartakatvānupapatteḥ . tasmāt yato'rthapratipattiḥ, sa śabdaḥ . arthapratipattiśca sphoṭādeva, na varṇebhya iti sphoṭa eva śabdaḥ .. ### [2.2.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.25) nanu ! evaṃ sati dhūmādīnāmapyathapratītihetutvāt śabdatvaṃ prāpnoti —maivaṃ vādīḥ—atha gauḥ ityatra śrotrajapratibhāse bahavo'rthāḥ pratibhāsante, tatra kasteṣāṃ śabdaḥ—ityupakramya, yato'rthapratipattiḥ sa śabda iyupasaṃhṛte kuto dhūmādīnāṃ śabdatvaśaṅkāvakāśaḥ .. ### [2.2.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.26) nanu ceyamarthapratītiḥ varṇeṣu bhavatsu bhavantī, teṣvabhavatsu cābhavantī tānutsṛjya kathaṃ sphoṭakāryatāmupayāyāt—ucyate—ananyathāsiddhaṃ tadbhāvabhāvitvaṃ tatkāryatāmavagamayati, nānyathāsiddham . idaṃ tvanyathāsiddham . kā punaranyathāsiddhiḥ ! sphoṭavyaṃjakatvāt varṇānāṃ tadānantaryamarthapratīterupaplavate . varṇābhivyaktaḥ sphoṭo'rthapratītimādadhāti . bhrāmyati janaḥ varṇairiyamarthapratītirutpāditeti .. ### [2.2.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.27) nanu sphoṭavyaktāvaprīdānīṃ varṇānāṃ kva gatāste vyastasamastavikalpāḥ . āha ca bhaṭṭaḥ ślo-vā-11-5-sphoṭa-84 ### [2.2.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.28) yasyānavayavaḥ sphoṭaḥ vyajyate varṇabuddhibhiḥ . so'pi paryanuyogena naivānena vimucyate iti .. ### [2.2.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.29) bhāṣyakṛtā'pi—nanu saṃskārakalpanāyāmadṛṣṭakalpanā ityāśaṃkya prativihitaṃ śabdakalpanāyāṃ sā ca śabdakalpanā ca śā-bhā-1-1-5 iti—naiṣadoṣaḥ—na sphoṭavyaktau vikalpāḥ prabhavanti . kutaḥ ? ### [2.2.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.30) eke tāvadācakṣate prathamavarṇaśravaṇavelāyāmeva sphoṭo'bhivyakto bhavati . na ca dvitīyādivarṇavaiphalyam; tadavagaterevātiśayakaraṇāt . yathā ratnaparīkṣakāṇāṃ prathamadarśane ratnarūpamamalamaprakāśamānamapi punaḥ punaḥ parīkṣamāṇānāṃ carame cetasi cakāsti niravadyaṃ ratnatattvam—evamihāpi prathamavarṇaśrutyā vyakte'pi sphoṭe sphuṭatarapratītyai varṇāntarāṇi prayokṣyanta iti .. ### [2.2.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.31) apare tu vadanti—dhvanaya eva sphoṭasya ca vyaṃjakāḥ . taiśca marudbhiḥ anavayava eva eṣa sphoṭo'bhivyajyamānaḥ tālvādisthānakaraṇasaṃyogopādhivaśopaplavamānanānākāragakārādibhāgayogīva pratibhāsate . marutāṃ caṃcalatvāduccāritapradhvaṃsinaste taṃ kālpanikākāramavabhāsayante . dṛṣṭaṃ copādhivaśādasatyamapi rūpamavabhāsamānam . yathā—kṛpāṇamaṇidarpaṇādivyaṃjakabhedena śyāmadīrghādirūpaṃ vadanasya . nādātmako hi śabdaḥ vīṇāveṇumṛdaṅgapaṭahādivyaṃjakarbhadena nānātvamupagacchan dṛśyate . tasmānna pāramārthikā eva te varṇāḥ, na ca sphoṭasya vyaṃjakā iti kva samasta vyastavikalpāḥ prabhaveyuḥ .. ### [2.2.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.32) upādhibhedena pratibhāsamānā asatyākārāśca te'rthapratyayānvayavyati rekānuvidhāyino dṛśyante .. ### [2.2.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.33) tena yaducyate śabdakalpanāyāṃ kalpanādvaigaṇyamiti—tatraikaguṇā'pi kalpanā nāsti . kā kathā dvaiguṇyasyeti . tasmāt sphoṭātmakādeva śabdādarthapratyayaḥ . varṇānuvidhāyitvaṃ tu tasyānyathāsiddhamiti siddham .. ### [2.2.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.34) api ca tārkikāṇāmanumānapriyatvāt tatparitoṣāyedamanumānamabhyadhāyi, na paramārthataḥ . paramārthatastu śrautre pratyaye pratibhāsamānaḥ pratyakṣa eva sphoṭaḥ .. ### [2.2.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.35) āha—kimidamapūrvaṃ taskarācaritaṃ vartate—varṇāḥ pratyakṣamupalabhyamānā api durbhagāḥ na pratyakṣāḥ, sphoṭaḥ punaranavabhāsamāno'pi subhagaḥ pratyakṣa iti—ucyate—na brūmaḥ varṇā na pratyakṣā iti . te punarasanto'pi upādhivaśādvadanadairdhyādivadavabhāsante . śabdastveko niravayavaḥ pratīyate . tathā ca padamiti vākyamiti ekākārā pratītirasti . na ca bhinnā varṇāstasyāmālambanībhavanti . na hi sāmānyapratyayaḥ vyaktyālambanaḥ, avayavipratyayo vā'vayabālambanaḥ . na ca senāvanādibuddhivadayathārthā padavākyabuddhiḥ, bādhakābhāvāt .. ### [2.2.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.36) ekārthapratyayavattvopādhikṛteyamekākārā buddhiriti cet—ekā-rtha pratītiridānīṃ kutastyā ? padavākyapratītipūrvikā hi padārthavākyārthapratītiḥ, padārthavākyārthapratītyākhyakāryaikyācca padavākyabuddhirekākāreti duruttaramitaretarāśrayatvam .. ### [2.2.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.37) aupādhikatvaṃ ca sāmānyāvayavibuddherapi suvacam . bādhasaṃdeharahita pratītidārḍhyāt tatra parihāra iti cet—taditaratrāpi samānam . tasmāt padabuddheḥ padasphoṭaḥ, vākyabuddheśca vākyasphoṭo viṣaya iti pratyakṣa eva sphoṭaḥ . tatra padasphoṭāt padārthapratipattiḥ, vākyasphoṭācca vākyārtha pratipattiḥ .. ### [2.2.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.38) āha—yadi niravayavaḥ sphoṭātmā śabdo bhavati, vākyamapi śabda eva . tasya padātmakāstvayavā mā bhūvan . tasya cet padātmāno'vayavā bhavanti, padasyāpi tarhi varṇātmāno'vayavā bhavantu—ucyate—kiṃciducchavasitamiva me hṛdayam . manye bhaviṣyatyāyuṣmato vivekālokaḥ . bodhyamāno bhotsyase kiṃcit . dhvanyupādhibhedapravṛttavarṇabhedāvabhāsavipralabdhabuddhiṃ bhavadvidhaṃ bodhayituṃ padasphoṭa eṣa niravayavo'smābhirdarśitaḥ . paramārthatastu padasphoṭo vākyāvayavabhūto nāstyeva . niravayavameva vākyaṃ niravayavasyaiva vākyārthasya bodhakam . yathā padasyāvayavā na santi, tathā vākyasyāvayavāḥ padānīti . tathā cāhuḥ—vākye padānāmasattvāt tadarthe padārthānāṃ niravayavau vākyavākyārthāviti .. ### [2.2.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.39) avayavakalpanāyāṃ hi yathā vākyasyāvayavāḥ padāni, padānāmavayavā varṇāḥ, evaṃ varṇānāvapyavayavairbhavitavyam . tadavayavānāmapyavayavāntarairityānantyāt kā vyavasthā syāt . varṇān prāpya tu yadyavayavakalpanāto virantavyaṃ, tadvākya eva viramyatām .. ### [2.2.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.40) ekaghaṭanākārā hi vākyārthabuddhiḥ tathāvidhādeva vākyādutpattumarhati vṛddhavyavahārāddhi śabdārthe vyutpadyante vyavahartāraḥ . tatrāsya padasya prayoga eva na kevalasya dṛśyate, vyavahārānaṅgatvāt . vākyaṃ tu prayogārhamiti tatraiva vyutpattiḥ . tata evārthasaṃpratyayaḥ . avayavapratibhāsastu bhramamātram . artho'pi vākyasya eka eva narasiṃhākāraḥ . jātyantaraṃ hi narasiṃho nāma . tatra na narārthaḥ, nāpi siṃhārthaḥ .. ### [2.2.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.41) evaṃ padārthebhyo'nya eva vākyārthaḥ, pānakādivat . yathā pānakaḥ śarkarānāgakesaramarīcyādibhyo'rthāntarameva, yathā ca sindūraharitālalākṣādibhyo'rthāntarameva citram, yathā vā ṣaḍjarṣabhagāndhāradhaivatādibhyo'rthāntarameva grāmarāgaḥ; tathā padebhyo vākyam, padārthebhyo vākyārthaḥ .. ### [2.2.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.42) kathaṃ tarhi tadaṃśāvagama iti cet; kalpanāmātraṃ tat, nāsau paramārthaḥ . tacchabdānugame tadarthānugamadarśanāt pāramārthikatvaṃ bhāgānāmiti cet—na—kūpasūpayūpānāmekākṣarānugame'pyarthānugamābhāvāt .. ### [2.2.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.43) na ca kevalānugamamātreṇa tatkāraṇabhāvo vaktuṃ śakyaḥ, reṇupaṭalānugāmitayā karituragādivat pipīlikāpaṅkterapi dṛśyamānāyāstatkāraṇatvaprasaṅgāt . tasmāt prakṛtipratyayāṃśavat asatpadārthaparikalpanaṃ vākyārthā vagamopāyatayā''śrīyate, na tvarthastadīyaḥ tatrāśvakarṇādivadupalabhyate .. ### [2.2.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.44) asatyamapi satyopāyatāṃ pratipadyamānaṃ dṛśyate . alīkāhidaṃśādayaḥ satyamaraṇakāraṇaṃ bhavanti . lipyakṣarāṇi cāsatyānyeva satyārthapratipattimādadhati .. ### [2.2.45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.45) svarūpasatyāni tānīti cet—na—rekhārūpatayā teṣāmarthāprati pādakatvāt . gakāro'yamityevaṃgṛhyamāṇā rekhā arthapratyayahetavaḥ . tāyena rūpeṇa satyāḥ, tena nārthapradipādakāḥ; yena cārthapratipādakāḥ, tena na satyā iti .. ### [2.2.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.46) nanu prakṛtipratyayādyaṃśā api paramārthasanta eva; tathā pratibhāsāt, arthapratyayahetutvācca—naitadevam—anvākhyānabhedena teṣāṃ svarūpeṇeyattāniścayānupapatteḥ . bhavatītyatra bhūśabdaḥ prakṛtiḥ kvacidanvākhyāyate, kvacidbhavaśabdaḥ . pratyayādeśāgamaguṇavṛddhivarṇalopādyanvākhyānavisaṃvādāt kaḥ pāramārthikaḥ prakṛtipratyayavibhāgaḥ ? kalpanāmātraṃ tvetat iyaṃ prakṛtiḥ, eṣa pratyaya iti . evaṃ padārthānāmapi vākyārthaparikalpanayaivāpoddhāraḥ . taduktam vākya-3-1— ### [2.2.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.47) padaṃ kaiścidvidhā bhinnaṃ caturdhā paṃcadhā'pi vā . apoddhṛtyaiva vākyebhyaḥ prakṛtipratyayādivat iti .. ### [2.2.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.48) api ca pāramārthikatve padānāṃ niyatamavisaṃvādirūpaṃ pratīyeta visaṃvādi tu tat . nāmākhyātasādhāraṇavarṇasanniveśadarśanāt na niyata teṣāṃ rūpam . ataḥ kālpanikameva tata, na vāstavam . na ca niścetumapi tat pāryate . kālenadantināgāḥ ityatra kīdṛśaḥ padavibhāgaḥ ? artha dvayopapatteḥ . ubhayatra ca varṇatulyatvāt . kiṃ kālena—kṛṣṇena dantinā —hastinā agāḥ—tvaṃ gataḥ—itmevametāni padāni vyavasthāpyantām, atha kāle—samaye, nadanti—śabdāyante—nāgā—kariṇaḥ phaṇino veti . tasmādaniyamāt na padatadarthavibhāgaḥ pāramārthikaḥ .. ### [2.2.49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.49) atha prathamapratipannavākyārthānusāreṇa padatadarthavibhāgo vyavasthāpyate, tarhi kiṃ tena tadānīṃ vyavasthāpitena ? vākyārthasya prathamameva pratipannatvāt .. ### [2.2.50](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.50) kiṃca dadhyatra madhvatreti dadhimadhupadayorikārokārayoradarśane'pi tadarthasaṃpratyayo dṛśyate . tasmādapi na pāramārthikaḥ padavarṇavibhāgaḥ . nirastāvayavaṃ vākyaṃ tathāvidhasyaiva vākyārthasya vācakamiti siddham .. ### [2.2.51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.51) nanu yathā padeṣu varṇā na santi, vākyeṣu padāni na santi, tathā mahāvākyeṣvavāntaravakyānyapi na syuḥ . tataḥ kim ? mahāvākyānyapi prakaraṇāpekṣayā na tāttvikāni syuḥ . tataḥ kim ? prakaraṇānyapi śāstrāpekṣayā na syuḥ . tato'pi kim ? ekamevedaṃ śāstratattvamavibhāgamadvayamāpatati .. ### [2.2.52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.52) ucyate—yadi tattvaṃ pṛcchasi, buddhyase vā—tadā evamevaitat sādho ! śabdabrahmaivedamadvayamanādyavidyāvāsanopaplavamānabhadamarthabhāvena vivartate . na tu vācakādvibhaktaṃ vācyamapi nāma kiṃcidasti . tasmāt kālpanika eva vācyavācakavibhāgo'yamavidyaiva vidyopāya ityāśrīyate . vāgrūpatā tattvam, sarvatra pratyaye tadanapāyāt . yathoktama vākya-1-125— ### [2.2.53](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.53) vāgrpatā cedutkrāmedavabodhasya śāśvatī . na prakāśaḥ prakāśeta sā hi pratyavamarśinī iti .. ### [2.2.54](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.54) sā ceyaṃ vāk traividhyena vyavasthitaivāvabhāsate—vaikharī, madhyamā, paśyantīti . tatreyaṃ sthānakaraṇaprayatnakramavyajyamānagakārādivarṇasamudāyātmikā yā vāk, sā vaikharītyucyate . vikhara iti dehendriyasaṅghāta ucyate . tatra bhavā vaikharī . taduktam— ### [2.2.55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.55) sthāneṣu vivṛte vāyau kṛtavarṇaparigrahā . vaikharī vāk prayoktṝṇāṃ prāṇavṛttinibandhanā iti .. ### [2.2.56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.56) yā punarantassaṃkalpyamānakramavatī śrotragrāhyavarṇarūpābhivyaktirahitā vāk sā madhyamocyate . taduktam— ### [2.2.57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.57) kevalaṃ buddhyupādānā kramarūpānupātinī . prāṇavṛttimatikramya madhyamā vāk pravartate iti .. ### [2.2.58](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.58) yā tu grāhyabhedakramādirahitā svaprakāśasaṃvidrūpā vāk, sā paśyantītyucyate . taduktam— ### [2.2.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.59) avibhāgāttu paśyantī sarvataḥ saṃhṛtakramā . svarūpajyotirevāntaḥ sūkṣmā vāganapāyinī iti .. ### [2.2.60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.60) tadalamatiprasaktānuprasaktyā . drādhīyasī carceyaṃ prakṛtāntarāyakāriṇīti na pratanyate .. ### [2.2.61](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.61) iha tvetāvataiva punaḥ prayojanaṃ—varṇapadapūrvako vyavahāraḥ na bhavatīti . vākyena loke vyavahārāt, tasya cāvayavāvayavivyavasthā'nupapatteḥ nirbhāgameva tat vācakaṃ, nirbhāgaśca tasya vācyo 'rtha iti . avāntaravākyamapi prayogayogyaṃ vyavahārakāraṇamiti tanna nihnūyate . avidyāvastheyaṃ vartate . tatreyaṃ vyavahāravartanī yathādṛśyamānaivāstu . vidyāyāṃ sarvamevedamasāramiti .. ### [2.2.62](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.62) padena tu varṇena vā vyavahārābhāvāt, tasya kevalasyāprayogāt tatsvarūpamasyāmapi daśāyāṃ na vāstavamiṣyata iti .. ### [2.2.63](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.63) tasmādekakramavirahitaḥ kalpitāsadvibhāgaḥ vākyasphoṭo janayati matiṃ tādṛśīṃ svābhidheye . varṇāstvete prakṛtilaghavaḥ kalpanaikapratiṣṭhāḥ tasminnarthe vidadhati dhiyaṃ netyalaṃ tatkathābhiḥ .. ### [2.2.64](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.64) —sphoṭavādopasaṃhāraḥ— ### [2.2.65](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.65) atrābhidhīyate—kimayamanumānamahimnā sphoṭābhyupagamaḥ, pratyakṣapratītibalavattayā vā ? ### [2.2.66](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.66) na tāvadanumānataḥ sphoṭasvarūpamupapādayituṃ pāryate . paridṛśyamānaviśiṣṭānupūrvīkavarṇakalāpakaraṇena arthapratīterghaṭamānatvāt .. ### [2.2.67](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.67) nanu vyastasamastādivikalpairutsāditaṃ varṇānāṃ vācakatvam—naitat; durvikalpāste—vyastānāṃ tāvadvācakatvaṃ neṣyata eva varṇānām . samastā eva te vācakāḥ .. ### [2.2.68](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.68) yattu—tatsāmastyaṃ nāsti, kramabhāvitvāditi puṭa —tadasat— kramabhāvināmapi samastānāṃ kāryakāriṇāṃ anekaśo darśanāt . yathā yugapadbhāvinaḥ samastāstrayo grāvāṇaḥ ekāṃ nāsāṃ dhārayanto dṛśyante .. ### [2.2.69](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.69) tathā kramabhāvino'pi samastā grāsā ekāṃ tṛptimutpādayanto dṛśyante . ekasminnapi hi grāse hīyamāne na bhavati tādṛśī tṛptiḥ . ataḥ samastā eva te grāsāḥ tṛpteḥ kāraṇam . na ca samastā api te grāsā yugapatprayoktuṃ śakyāḥ .. ### [2.2.70](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.70) tathā ekānuvākagrahaṇe saṃsthānāṃ kramabhāvinīnāmapi sāmastye sati sāmarthyam . ekayā saṃsthayā tadāmukhīkaraṇāsaṃbhavāt . evaṃ tāvalloke sāmastyaṃ kramabhāvināṃ dṛṣṭam .. ### [2.2.71](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.71) vede'pi darśapūrṇamāsābhyāṃ itītaretarayogaśaṃsinā dvandvena samarpitasāhityānāṃ āgneyādiyāgānāṃ pakṣadvaye prayojyatvena cāparihāryakramāṇā mekādhikārasaṃpādakatvaṃ dṛṣṭam . tathā aindravāyavaṃ gṛhṇāti āśvinaṃ gṛhṇāti iti somagrahaṇābhyāsānāṃ samastānāṃ kramabhāvināṃ ca ekapradhāna nirvartakatvaṃ dṛṣṭamiti . ataśca nāyaṃ virodhaḥ—sāmastyaṃ kramabhāvitvaṃ ceti .. ### [2.2.72](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.72) evaṃ kramavartino'pi varṇā evārthābhidhāyino bhaviṣyanti .. ### [2.2.73](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.73) nanu grāsasaṃsthādīnāṃ yuktaṃ samastānāṃ kramabhāvitvam . yataḥ kāryamapi tadīyaṃ tṛptyādi krameṇa nirvartyamānaṃ dṛśyate . varṇebhyastu krameṇa śrūyamāṇebhyaḥ na yāvatī, tāvatī arthāvagatimātrā nirvartyamānā dṛśyate .. ### [2.2.74](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.74) yadyevamāgneyādibhyastarhi krameṇa nirvartyamānaṃ kiṃ kāryamupalabhyate ? avāntarāpūrvamiti brūmaḥ, śabdaprāmāṇyāt . paramāpūrvanirvṛttistu teṣāṃ sāmastye sati sesyatīti—ucyate . avāntarāpūrvanirvṛttāvidānīṃ kramabhāvināmāgneyāvayavabhūtakriyākṣaṇānāṃ kimavāntaraṃ kāryaṃ, kā vā tasya nirvṛttirupalabhyate ? ### [2.2.75](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.75) api ca yathābhimataṃ yat kāryaṃ, tadabhisandhānena pravṛttiḥ . tat sāmastyātpūrvaṃ na kvacidupalabhyate . na hyavāntarāpūrveṇa svargamātrā kācidabhinirvartyate, śāstrārthasya tadānīmaniṣpannatvāt . ataḥ kimavāntarāpūrveṇa kṛtenāpi . yatkiṃcitvavāntarāpūrvaprāyaṃ kāryaṃ varṇeṣvapi na na darśayituṃ śakyate . kiṃ taditi cet—svarūpagrahaṇaṃ saṃskāro vā bhaviṣyati .. ### [2.2.76](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.76) tayoḥ pradhānakāryāvayavatvaṃ nāstīti cet—mā bhūdanayavatvam, tadupayogitā tu vidyata eva . avayavāvayavivyavahārastu avāntaraparamāpūrvayorapi durupapādaḥ . padānāṃ tu vākyārthapritipattilakṣaṇapradhānakāryāvayavabhūtapadārthajñānākhyakāryanirvartakatvamatispaṣṭamastyeveti na teṣveṣa doṣaḥ prāduṣyāt .. ### [2.2.77](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.77) varṇānāmapi, gamanakriyākṣaṇānāmiva grāmaprāptau, grāsānāmiva tṛptau saṃsthānāmivāmukhīkaraṇe yadyapi kramopacīyamānatatkāryamātrasamutmeṣo nāsti; tathāpi tadaupayikasyopalabdhisaṃskārādikāryasya karaṇāt tatkāryāvayavastāvatkṛto bhavatīti na samastānāṃ kramakāritvamapahīyate . tatra pūrve varṇā atītā apyupakariṣyanti, caramavarṇastu vartamāna itīdṛśa evāyaṃ kālpanikaḥ kriyākṣaṇasamūha iva varṇasamūho'rthapratyāyakaḥ .. ### [2.2.78](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.78) athavā kramopalabdheṣvapi varṇeṣu mānasamanuvyavasāyarūpamakhilavarṇa viṣayaṃ saṃkalanājñānaṃ yadupajāyate, tat arthapratyāyanāṅgaṃ bhaviṣyati . dṛśyate ca vinaśvareṣvapi padārthāntareṣu kramānubhūteṣu yugapadanuvyavasāyo mānasaḥ śatamāmrāṇi bhakṣitavān devadattaḥ iti . na cāyaṃ pratyayonāsti, sandigdhaḥ, bādhyate vā . anabhyupagamyamāne cedṛśi samuccayajñāne tannibandhanā bhūyāṃso vyavahārā utsīdeyuḥ .. ### [2.2.79](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.79) sa cāyaṃ saṃkalanāpratyayaḥ smaryamāṇānubhūyamānaprāktanāntyavarṇaviṣaya tayā sadasadvarṇagocaraścitrarūpa upeyate . yadi vā'ntyavarṇe'pi tirohite bhavan asadvarṇagocara eva citrākāraḥ so'rthapratītihetureka eveti niravakāśā vyastasamastavikalpāḥ .. ### [2.2.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.80) nanu ! saṃkalanāpratyaye'pi yadi te varṇāḥ krameṇāvabhāsante, tadasāvapi pūrvotpannaikaikavarṇabuddhirnirviśeṣa eva syāditi tadupārūḍhā api varṇā nārthapratītihetavo bhaveyuḥ . yadi tvekasumanastabakākāravatī sa pratyayaḥ, tadā tasmin kramānavagamāt viparītakramā api te varṇā arthapratītikāriṇaḥ syuḥ—ucyate—viśiṣṭānupūrvīkavarṇamālā'nubhavasamanantarabhāvī hi saṃkalanāpratyayo'rthapratīterhatuḥ, na stabakākāraparicchedamātram . viparītakramāśaṅkanaṃ ca tadānīṃ kutastyam ? stabakāvabhāse tāvat krama eva nāsti . kasya vaiparītyamavaiparītyaṃ vā, yadanantarajanmā'yaṃ samuccayapratyayaḥ . tāśca viśiṣṭakramāvabhāsinya eva pūrvabhāvinyo varṇabuddhaya iti kuto vaiparītyavikalpaḥ ? tasmāt prathamaparipaṭhananiyatānupūrvīkāste tadanantarabhāvisamastāvabhāsisaṃkalanāpratyayopārūḍhā varṇā arthapratītikāriṇaḥ syuriti na doṣaḥ .. ### [2.2.81](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.81) yathā vā pūrvavarṇajanitasaṃskārasahito'ntyavarṇa iti tatrabhavatā mīmāṃsābhāṣyakṛtāvarṇitaṃ śā-bhā-1-1-5, tathā varṇānāmarthapratyāyakatvamastu .. ### [2.2.82](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.82) nanu ! atroktaṃ saṃskārasyārthapratītijanakatvaṃ na dṛṣṭapūrvaṃ, smṛtāveva tasya vyāpāra iti—kimiyaṃ rājājñā—smṛtireva saṃskāreṇa kartavyeti .. ### [2.2.83](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.83) neyaṃ rājājñā, nayājñātveṣā . na hi saṃskāro nāma svatantraḥ ko'pi dharmī . kintu paṭvabhyāsādarapratyayagṛhīteṣvartheṣu yat ātmanaḥ smaraṇa kāraṇaṃ, sa saṃskāraḥ . sā ca smṛtyaiva kāryeṇa kalpyamānā śaktiḥ . na ca śaktirūpasya saṃskārasya śaktyantaramarthapratītijanmani saṃbhavati . yenaiva kāryeṇa sā śaktiḥ kalpitā, tadapahāya kiṃ kāryāntaraṃ kuryāt ? smaraṇahetośca saṃskārasya prasavakāraṇatanubhavaḥ . anubhavahetostvasya nūtanacaritasya saṃskārasya janmanimittameva notpaśyāmaḥ . tasmānnāsāvartha pratītiheturbhavati .. ### [2.2.84](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.84) naitatsāram—varṇānubhavasaṃskṛtamateḥ puṃsaḥ arthapratītidarśanāt . na hi smaraṇaśaktiḥ saṃskāraḥ . kintvātmaguṇo vāsanākhyaḥ . sa ca smṛtimivārthapratītimapi janayitumutsahate . sarvatra no darśanaṃ pramāṇam . smaraṇajananakauśalamapi tasya tathā darśanādavagamyate . tadidamanubhavajananamapi tato dṛśyata eva . varṇāśca tadanubhavāśca vyatītāḥ anyacca śabdatattvaṃ nānubhūyata iti vakṣyāmaḥ . asti cārthapratītiḥ . nāsau niṣkaraṇikā syāt . karaṇavyatirekeṇa hi sā'nudbhavantī karaṇamākṣipati . yadasyāḥ karaṇaṃ, sa saṃskāra iti smṛtirivārthapratītirapi tatkāryatvāttadanumāpikā bhavatyeva .. ### [2.2.85](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.85) yattu kutastādṛśaḥ saṃskāra udetīti—jaḍapraśno'yam, anubhavahetukasya suprasiddhatvāt . tathā cāhuḥ—vastudharmo hyeṣaḥ, yadanubhavaḥ paṭīyān smṛtibījamādhatte iti .. ### [2.2.86](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.86) nanu smṛtibījamiti yaducyate, tat kathamanubhavabījaṃ syāt ?—naiṣa niyamaḥ—smṛtereva bījamiti . anubhavastāvat tathāvidhamātmadharmamādhatte . sa kāryabhedo'pi notpattau kāraṇāntaraṃ mṛgayate . kāryabhedaścāsya tathā daśainādavagamyata ityuktam .. ### [2.2.87](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.87) athavā kimanena nirbandhena . na sākṣādarthapratītikārī saṃskāraḥ . smṛtidvāreṇa tāṃ kariṣyati . pūrvavarṇeṣu saṃskārāt smaraṇam, antyavarṇe śrotrendriyādanubhava ityevaṃ smaryamāṇānubhūyamānavarṇakaraṇako'rthapratyayaḥ— syāt . ko doṣaḥ ? ### [2.2.88](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.88) nanu anubhavakramāhitasaṃskārasāmarthyamanurudhyamānāḥ smṛtayo'pi krameṇotpattumarhanti, na yugapaditi . tataśca prāktana eva doṣaḥ, sāmastyābhāvāditi—naiṣa doṣaḥ—nānāvarṇaviṣayaiḥ kramabhāvibhiranubhavaiḥ kramopaceyātmā, puṭapākairiva kārtasvarasya, eka evātmanaḥ saṃskāraḥ tādṛgupādhīyate, yena sarvāneva pūrvadṛṣṭān varṇānasau sakṛt smaratīti .. ### [2.2.89](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.89) saṃskārāt saṃskārotpattiralaukikīti cet—nālaukikī, svādhyāyādhyayane siddhatvāt . uccāraṇakriyāyāḥ kṣaṇikatvāt tadārhite saṃskārāntarakāriṇi saṃskāre'niṣyamāṇe'ntyamuccāraṇaṃ prathamoccāraṇānna viśiṣyeteti . tataḥ kim ? puruṣāyuṣeṇāpi nānuvāka evāmukhīkriyeta .. ### [2.2.90](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.90) nanu ! ayamīdṛśaḥ prakāraḥ ekasmaraṇasiddhaye kalpanīyaḥ, arthapratītihetutā vā saṃskārasya kalpanīyeti sarvathā ceyamadṛṣṭakalpanā . ato na paśyāmahe tatra kaḥ saṃskāraṃ prati pakṣapātaḥ ? kaśca sphoṭaṃ prati vidveṣaḥ ? yadeṣa kalpyate, naiṣa iti—uktamatra puṭa-129 tenaiva sugṛhītanāmnā bhāṣyakāreṇa śabdakalpanāyāṃ sā ca, śabdakalpanā ca iti .. ### [2.2.91](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.91) nanu nāsti kalpanādvaiguṇyam . saṃskāro hi yathāprasiddhi sthita eva . kā tatra kalpanā ? na hi vayaṃ smaraṇaikakāraṇatvaṃ saṃskāradharmamatilaṅghitavantaḥ, bhavanta iva .. ### [2.2.92](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.92) kathaṃ na laṅghitavanto bhavantaḥ ? sarvavarṇaviṣayaikasmaraṇakāritā bhavadbhirapi kalpitaiva . yaiva hi vartanī varṇānāmarthapratītau, saiva sphoṭavyaktāvapi . tāṃ ca kalpayitvā śabdo'nyaḥ kalpita evam . ataścasaṃskārasyobhayavādividitasya smaraṇakāritvamullaṅghya arthapratyayakāritvaṃ kevalamasmābhirabhihitam . bhavadbhistu mūlata evārabhyābhinavaṃ viśvamutthāpitam—apūrvasya śabdasya tāvadastitvaṃ, punarvarṇavyatiriktatvaṃ, punaravayavaśahityaṃ kalpitamiti kathaṃ na kalpanāgurutvam ? taduktam— ślo-vā-sphoṭa 90 ### [2.2.93](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.93) sadbhāvavyatirekau ca tathā'vayavavarjanam . tavādhikaṃ bhavettasmāt yatno'sāvarthabuddhiṣa iti .. ### [2.2.94](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.94) yatpunaravādi—prathamavarṇabuddhivelāyāmeva vyaktaṃ sphoṭatattvaṃ uttarottarabuddhibhiratiśayitatarapratyayaviṣayatāṃ nīyate, ratnatattvavaditi—sa eṣa viṣama upanyāsaḥ—ratnasya hi sāvayavatvāt prathamapratyayāviṣayīkṛtasūkṣma tarāvayavaviśeṣagrāhiṇāṃ uttarottarapratyayānāmasti tatrāvakāśaḥ . sphoṭastu varṇasvarupavadanaṃśa iti tatsvarūpasarvasvamādyenaiva varṇena vyaktam . kimidānīmanye varṇāḥ kariṣyanti . ekadeśavyaktistu niravayavasya, varṇasyevana saṃbhavati . yathoktam—ślo-vā-sphoṭa-10 ### [2.2.95](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.95) alpīyasā'pi yatnena śabdamuccāritaṃ matiḥ . yadi vā naiva gṛhṇāti varṇaṃ vā sakalaṃ sphuṭam iti .. ### [2.2.96](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.96) yo'pi dvitīyo dṛṣṭānta udāhāri—yathā anuvākaḥ śloko vā prathamasaṃsthayā gṛhīto'pi saṃsthāntarābhyāsaiḥ sphuṭataraṃ paricchinno bhavati tathā sphoṭo'pi prathamavarṇāṃntarairartiśayitābhivyaktiḥ bhaviṣyatīti—so'pi na sadṛśo dṛṣṭāntaḥ, ślokānuvākayoranaṃśatvānupapatteḥ . kecidavayavā varṇātmānaḥ padātmāno vā prathamāyāṃ buddhāvaparisphurantaḥ saṃsthābhyāsalabdhā tiśayāyāṃ tasyāṃ prakaṭībhaviṣyanti . sphoṭastu ekavarṇa iva niraṃśa iti tatra ko buddheratiśayayogaḥ tasmādayamapi na saṃgato dṛṣṭāntaḥ .. ### [2.2.97](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.97) ye'pi ca manvate—dhvanivyaṅgyatvāt sphoṭasya na tatra varṇavikalpāvasara iti—te'pi na samyagdarśinaḥ—parāṇudya varṇapratītiṃ dhvanibhyaḥ śabdapratīteranutpādāt . atidrutoccicārayiṣayā'nupalabhyamānavarṇavibhāgācca śabdādarthapratyayābhāvāt .. ### [2.2.98](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.98) atha dhvanayaḥ śabdavyaktimādadhānāḥ sthānakaraṇānurodhenāsatyameva varṇabhedamupadarśayanti, śyāmādirūpamiva mukhasya khaṅgādṛya ityucyate—tadapya sat—asatyatve nimittābhāvāt . pratīyante hi nirbādhayā buddhyā varṇāḥ . tadatiriktastu śabdo na pratīyate . yaśca na pratīyate, so'sti; ye ca pratīyante, te na santautyucyamāne—śaśo nāsti, viṣāṇamastīti syāt . tasmādayamapi na kalpanāgauravaparihārakṣamaḥ panthāḥ . ataḥ suṣṭūktaṃ śabdakalpanāyāṃ sā ca, śabdakalpanā ca iti .. ### [2.2.99](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.99) tasmāt sphoṭapratipattau yaḥ krama āstheyaḥ, saḥ arthapratītāvevāsthīyatāmiti kiṃ tena sphoṭena .. ### [2.2.100](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.100) anye tu—upalabdhyanantarasattākānāṃ varṇānāmarthapratyāyakatvamācakṣate —tadiha neṣyate, kṣaṇikatvādvarṇānāṃ upalabdherūrdhvaṃ sattā'nupapatteḥ . sarvathā vyutpattyanusāreṇa varṇānāmarthapratyāyakatvaṃ tadyathā purā dṛṣṭaṃ, tathā'bhthupagamyata iti . taduktaṃ—yāvanto yādṛśāḥ iti .. ### [2.2.101](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.101) yattvatra pratīpamuktaṃ—kiyantaḥ kīdṛśāḥ iti—tatra pratītayaḥ praṣṭavyāḥ, na tapasvino vayamiti yatkiṃcidetat .. ### [2.2.102](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.102) yatpunarabhyadhāyi pu. —kramavyatyāsaprayuktā api varṇā pratyāyakā bhaveyuḥ . krama eva vā sphoṭaḥ syāt—iti—tadapi na peśalam—kramo hi nāma kālabhedaḥ . na ca kāla eva sphoṭo bhavitumarhati .. ### [2.2.103](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.103) kramo'pi ca na svatantraḥ pratipādakaḥ, padārthāntaravṛttirvā; kintu varṇāśrita eva . tatra coktam ślo. vā-1-1-8-ślo-265-266— ### [2.2.104](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.104) dvaye satyapi tenātra vijñeyo'rthasya vācakaḥ . varṇāḥ kinnu kramopetāḥ kinnu varṇāśrayaḥ kramaḥ ? kramaḥ kramavatāmaṅgamiti kiṃ yuktisādhyatā ? dharmamātramasau teṣāṃ na vastvantaramiṣyate .. ### [2.2.105](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.105) tasmāt ye yāvatkramakā yamarthaṃ pratyāyanto dṛṣṭā varṇāḥ, te tatkramakā varṇāstamarthaṃ pratyāyayiṣyantīti na sphoṭādarthāvagatiḥ . tadevaṃ kāryānumānaṃ, arthāpattirvā na sphoṭasiddhaye prabhavatīti siddham .. ### [2.2.106](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.106) yadapyabhāṇi—śabdādatha pratipadyāmahe iti vyavahāraḥ sphoṭapakṣasākṣitāmālambata iti—tadapyasāram—varṇānāṃ vācakatve yathoktanītyā sādhite tatpakṣe'pi tathā vyavahāropapatteḥ .. ### [2.2.107](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.107) nanu ! kathamupapattiḥ ? saṃskārastāvat na śabdaśabdenocyate . na hi tathā loke prasiddhiḥ . saṃskāre ca vācake vyutpattirapi durupapādā . parāvagatipūrvikā hi śabdāt svāvagatiḥ . na ca parasthaḥ saṃskāraḥ parasya pratītimupajanayan grahītuṃ śakyaḥ, parokṣatvāt .. ### [2.2.108](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.108) varṇeṣvapi śabdaśabdo vartamānaḥ prativarṇaṃ vā varteta, varṇasamudāye vā ? prativarṇaṃ vartamāne ca śabdaśabde na śabdādarthapratipattiḥ syāt; ekasya varṇasya vācakatvāyogāt . samudāye tu na vartitumarhati śabdaśabdaḥ, jātiśabdatvāt . dvivacanabahuvacanāntavyaktiśabdaprayoge hi tasmātsāmānādhikaraṇyena na jātiśabda ekavacanāntaḥ prayujyate . na hi bhavati devadattayajñadattau puruṣaḥ iti, dhavakhadirapalāśā vṛkṣaḥ iti—tathā gakāraukāra visarjanīyāḥ śabdaḥ ityapi na .. ### [2.2.109](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.109) vanaṃ vṛkṣāḥ iti vanaśabdavat tarhi samudāyavācī bhaviṣyati śabdaśabdaḥ, na jātiśabdavat—iti cet—na—tatra samudāyavyatirekanirdeśadarśanāt—āmrāṇāṃ vanam kapitthānāṃ vanam iti . na caivamiha vyatirekanirdeśo'sti—gakārādīnāṃ śabdaḥ ityadarśanāt .. ### [2.2.110](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.110) atha brūyāt—āmrādayo vanam ityabhedenāpi vanaśabdaḥ prayujyate . tathehāpi gakārādayaḥ śabdaḥ iti prayokṣyate—etadapi nāsti—vanādau bhedavyapadeśavaśena prativyakti cāprayoge, siddhe samudāyaśabdatve, samudāyasamudāyinorabhedopacārāt āmrādayo vanam iti yujyate prayoktum . iha tu gakārādīnāṃ śabdaḥ iti na kadācidapi vyatirekanirdeśo dṛśyata iti samudāyaśabdatvamaghaṭamānam . tatsarvathā varṇaśabdavādināmanupapanno'yaṃ vyapadeśaḥ śabdādarthaṃ pratipadyāmahe iti .. ### [2.2.111](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.111) ucyate—kimanenopapannenānupapannena vā kṛtyam . yadyayamupapadyate, tataḥ kim ? athāpi nopapadyate, tato'pi kim ? na hi lokavyapadeśanibandhanā vastusthitirbhavati .. ### [2.2.112](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.112) nanu ! śāstrakārā apyevameva vyavaharanti—bhāvamākhyātenācaṣṭe iti—na śāstrakāravyavahārādapyaprāmāṇiko'rthaḥ śakyate'bhyupagantum . kataraccedaṃ pramāṇaṃ—lokavyapadeśo nāma . anumānaṃ tāvat pratikṣiptam . pratyakṣamapi pratikṣepsyate . na cānyat sphoṭasiddhau pramāṇaṃ kramatetadasthāne'yaṃ lokavyapadeśanirūpaṇena sphoṭāṭopaḥ .. ### [2.2.113](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.113) na cātyantamasaṅgato'yaṃ varṇapakṣe laukiko vyapadeśaḥ . pūrvavarṇajanitasaṃskārasahite tāvadantyavarṇe vācake susaṅgata evāyaṃ vyapadeśaḥ, tasya śabdatvāt, ekatvācca .. ### [2.2.114](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.114) saṃkalanāpratyayopārūḍhavarṇavācakatvapakṣe'pi na doṣaḥ . na hi bhedaśabdasahita eṣa śabdaśabdaḥ prayujyate—gakārādibhyaśśabdādarthaṃ pratipadyāmahe iti . kevalastu jātiśabda ekavacanānto bahuṣvapi varṇeṣu na viruddhaḥ .. ### [2.2.115](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.115) kiṃca sphoṭapakṣe sutarāmanupapanno'yaṃ vyapadeśaḥ śabdāt iti, prātipadikārthasyābhāvāt . na hi varṇavat sphoṭe śabdaśabdaṃ prayuṃjāno dṛśyate vyavahartṛjanaḥ .. ### [2.2.116](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.116) arthapratipattihetutvaṃ śabdalakṣaṇamasādhuḥ; dhūmādibhirvyabhicārāt . athāpi prakramaparyālocanayā śrautragrāhyatvaviśiṣṭamarthapratipattihetutvaṃ śabdalakṣaṇamabhidhīyate; tadidaṃ sphoṭaṃ prati na siddham; tasya śrautrapratyayaviṣayatvābhāvāt . śrotragrāhyatvameva ca taditaravyayavacchedakṣamamiti tadeva yuktaṃ kimubhayopādānena ? śrotragrāhyatvaṃ ca varṇeṣveva nārthāntarasyeti varṇā eva śabdāḥ . taduktam—ślo-vā-sphoṭa-9 ### [2.2.117](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.117) parasparānapekṣāśca śrautrabuddhyā svarūpataḥ . varṇā evāvasīyante na pūrvāparavastunī iti .. ### [2.2.118](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.118) śrotragrāhyatvaṃ śabdalakṣaṇaṃ sattādāvapyastīti cet—na—śrotreṇaivetyavadhāraṇasya vivakṣitatvāt .. ### [2.2.119](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.119) śrotramanobhyāṃ grahaṇādasiddhamavadhāraṇamiti cet—na—samānajātīyavyavacchedārthatvādavadhāraṇasya cakṣurādīnyeva tena vyavacchedyante, na manaḥ .. ### [2.2.120](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.120) tathāpi śabdatve vyabhicāra iti cet—na—jātimattve satīti prakramalabhyaviśeṣaṇāpekṣaṇāt . stanayitnunādaprabhṛtibhirapi na vyabhicāraḥ, teṣāṃ śabdatvābhyupagamāt . taduktaṃ bhāṣyakṛtā—dvividhaścāyaṃ śabdaḥ— varṇātmā dhvanimātraśca lya-bhā-2-2-40 iti .. ### [2.2.121](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.121) arthapratyāyakatvaṃ tu na lakṣaṇamityuktam, agṛhītasaṃbandha varṇātma nyapi śabde tadabhāvenāśabdatvaprasaṅgāt . kālāntareṇa saṃbandhabuddhau satyāṃ ca tasyaiva śabdatvamiti avyavasthitamidaṃ lakṣaṇam .. ### [2.2.122](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.122) yadapi śabdasvarūpanirūpaṇaprasaṅgena tadabhidheyānāṃ jātiguṇakriyādīnāṃ śabdatā''śaṅkanaṃ, tatpariharaṇaṃ ca—tadapi kimāśayamiti na vidmaḥ— teṣāmativibhaktarūpagrahaṇāt .. ### [2.2.123](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.123) ataḥ śrotragrāhyasya śabdatvāt sphoṭasya ca śrotragrāhyatvābhāvāt varṇavādināmeva—śabdādarthaṃ pratipadyāmahe ityanukūlo lokavyapadeśaḥ, na sphoṭavādināmiti sthitam .. ### [2.2.124](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.124) kathaṃ punaḥ śrotragrahaṇatvaṃ sphoṭasya na mṛṣyate ? yāvatā padaṃ, vākyamiti śrotprakaraṇakamekākāraṃ jñānaṃ pratyātmavedanīyamastiḥ nacāsya varṇā ālambanībhaveyurityuktam . na yuktamuktam—iha hi śābaleyādau pratipiṇḍaṃ gauriti buddhirupajāyamānā sakalapiṇḍasādhāraṇaṃ rūpaṃ vipayīkarotīti gotvasāmānyaṃ tadiṣyate . evaṃ yadi prativarṇaṃ padaṃ padaṃmiti, vākyaṃ vākyamiti matirupajāyeta, jātivat, tarhi padaṃ vākyaṃ ca sarvavarṇavṛtti kimapi rūpamavagacchema, na tvevamasti pratītiḥ . yathā ca tantvādyavayavaparighaṭṭitapaṭādikāryaviṣayamādyanayanasannipātasamaya eva bhedagraharahitamavayavijñānamudeti, tathā kramasamuccaradekaikavarṇasvarūpopagrahanirapekṣaṃ yadi padamiti, vākyamiti jñānaṃ bhavet, tat padādikamavayavinamiva padaṃ vākya mekaikarūpamanumanyemahi, na tvevamasti . na hi tantubhiriva paṭaḥ, vīraṇariva kaṭaḥ, varṇaiḥ padamārabhyate .. ### [2.2.125](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.125) yattu gaugaurityevaṃjñānamabhedagrāhi dṛśyate—tadekājupādheḥ . bhinnājupaśleṣe tu devadatta ityādau nānākṣaragrahaṇameva vilambitamanubhūyate . na caivaṃ paṭādibuddhiṣu tadavayavāḥ kadācit vicchedenāvabhāsante . tasmānnāvayavīva, jātiriva vā padaṃ vākyamabhinnamavabhāsate .. ### [2.2.126](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.126) nanu ca yā'sau śabdaśabdāt buddhiḥ, saiveyaṃ sphoṭabuddhiḥ .. kimidānīm ?, yadeva śabdatvasāmānyaṃ, sa eva sphoṭaḥ ? ### [2.2.127](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.127) maivam—sphoṭa evāsau na śabdatvaṃ sāmānyaṃ tat . sāmānyaṃ hi taducyate, yatraikavyaktidarśane vyaktyantarānusandhānam, śābaleyagrahaṇe bāhuleyasyeva . ihatu na gakāragrahaṇe na vakārānusandhānamiti nedaṃ sāmānyam . ekarūpastvayaṃ pratibhāsaḥ śabdatattvaviṣaya eva . śabdatattvaṃ ca sphoṭa ityucyate .. ### [2.2.128](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.128) ā ! jñātam—amunaiva hi bhayena kaiścit sphoṭaśaṅkibhiḥ śabdatvasāmānyamapahnutam . asthāna eva tvayaṃ saṃsaḥ . na hi śabdatvaṃ sphoṭaḥ . prativarṇaṃ hi śabdaḥ śabda iti buddhirasti, na ca varṇasphoṭaḥ . tadidaṃ śabdatvasāmānyameva śabdabuddherālambanam, na sphoṭaḥ .. ### [2.2.129](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.129) sāmānyasiddhau tu vyaktyantarānusandhānamakāraṇamiti prāgeva nirṇītam . tasmānnaśabdabuddhāvapi sphoṭo'vabhāsate, padavākyabuddhā viveti .. ### [2.2.130](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.130) ekaśca satyamāha yadiyamekakāryakāritvanibandhanā, vanapṛtanādibuddhisamānayogakṣemaiva padavākyabuddhiriti . na ca jātyādibuddhiṣvasamāśvāsaḥ, vailakṣaṇyasya darśitatvāt .. ### [2.2.131](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.131) yadapi—ekakāryakāritvanibandhanāyāmabhedabuddhau itaretarāśrayaparicodanaṃ—ekārthapratītipūrvikā padavākyabuddhiḥ, padavākyabuddhipūrvikā caikārtha pratītiriti pu. 140 tadapi na samyak—smaryamāṇānubhūyamānavarṇajanitai veyamarthapratītirityavocāma, nābhinnapadaparicchedapūrviketi kuta itaretarāśrayatvam ? ### [2.2.132](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.132) brūyāt—padavākyayorekatvamantareṇa kathaṃ padavākyārthapratotirekarūpā bhavediti—so'yamatīva mugdhālāpaḥ—pratītibhedābhedau hi viṣayabhedābhedāvanurudhyete, nopāyabhedābhedau . bhinnairapi locanālokāntaḥkaraṇaprabhṛtibhirupāyairabhinnārthagrāhiṇī buddhirupajanyata eva . tadiha padārthabuddherekātvārta padārtha eko bhavatu, yo'syā viṣayaḥ . na tvekaṃ padaṃ, yat kāraṇamiti . vākyārthabuddherapyekatvāt eko vākyārtho bhavatu, na tvekaṃ vākyam . vargīkaraṇakāraṇaṃ kramabhāvināṃ bahūnāṃ varṇānāmetat bhavati, yat ekārthapratipādakatvaṃ, na tvabhedameva padavākyayorgamayatīti .. ### [2.2.133](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.133) vipralabdhā eva ca vaiyākaraṇāḥ padavākyayorapyabhedaṃ manyante kila śabdādananyabhūta eva śabdārthaṃ iti—sa punareṣāṃ vyāmoha eva, tadbhedasya dṛḍhapramāṇasiddhatvāt . śabdādhyāsastu pratītiviruddhatvena neṣyate—ityalaṃ tatkathayā . tasmāt pratyakṣagamyo'pi na sphoṭa iti siddham .. ### [2.2.134](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.134) nanu ! abhinnatvādvākyārthabuddheḥ viṣayabhedābhedānuvṛttitvācca buddhibhedābhedayoḥ abhinno vākyārthaḥ syāt—bāḍham—abhinnaḥ, na tvanavayavaḥ; ghaṭāderabhinnasyāpi sāvayatvāt .. ### [2.2.135](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.135) yattu niravayatvamucyate—tadatīva saṃvitparāmarśakaiśalaśūnyaṃ vyāhṛtam— ### [2.2.136](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.136) aṃśāssanti na santīti cintā'tyantamasaṅgatā . niraṃśastvasti nāstīti yuktaṃ cintayituṃ satām .. ### [2.2.137](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.137) padatadarthabhedasya prativākyaṃ vispaṣṭamābhāsamānatvāt anupagṛhyamāṇāvayavavibhāgayośca vākyavākyārthayoranavabhāsamānatvāt .. ### [2.2.138](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.138) astvavayavapratītiḥ sā tu bhrānteti cet—na—bādhakābhāvāt . bhānteśca bījaṃ kimapi vaktavyam . sādṛśyamiti cet; kasya keneti na vidmaḥ . yadi hi kvacinmukhyā avayavāḥ prasiddhā bhaveyuḥ, tatsādṛśyāt itaratra tadabhāve'pi bhrama iti gamyeta—na tvevamasti—sarvavākyānāmapyabhāgatvāt . narasiṃhe'pi narāvayavāḥ siṃhāvayavāśca pṛthakpṛthak pratyabhijñāyante . tadvadihāpyabhyupagamyamāne nūnaṃ kvacidvākye satyatvamavayavānāmeṣitavyam .. ### [2.2.139](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.139) citre'pi haritālasindūrādirūpaṃ, pānake tvagelādirasaḥ, grāmarāge'pi ṣaḍjarṣabhagāndhārādisvarajātaṃ pṛthagavagatamiti na te nirbhāgadṛṣṭāntāḥ . citrādibuddhayastarhi dṛṣṭāntā iti cet—bāḍham—vākyārthabuddhirapi nirbhāgeṣyata evāsmābhiḥ, buddhīnāṃ niraṃśatvena sarvāsāmanavayavatvāt . buddhiviṣayīkṛtastvartho dṛṣṭāntadārṣṭāntikayoḥ sāvayava eva . tasmānna nirbhāgau vākyavākyārthāviti yuktam .. ### [2.2.140](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.140) yadapyabhyadhāyi—vṛddhavyavahārataḥ saṃbandhabuddhiḥ vākyavākyārthayoreva, na padatadarthayoḥ; padena vyavahārābhāvāditi—tadapyasādhu—vākyādapi vyutpattirbhavantī padārthaparyantā bhavati . evaṃ hi padatadarthasaṃskṛtamaterabhinavaviracitādapi vākyāt vākyārthapratītirupapatsyate . tadāvāpodvāpacakravaicitryeṇa vākyānāmānantyāt aśakyā prativākyaṃ vyutpattiḥ . sāpi nāpekṣiṣyate . itarathā hi sā'vaśyamapekṣyeta .. ### [2.2.141](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.141) yattu—kevalaṃ padaṃ na prayujyata iti tadasatyamiti—tadapyasat—mahāvākyasthāne avāntaravākyaṃ na prayujyata iti tadapyasatyaṃ syāt . svārthe tatprayujyata iti cet—padamapi svārthe kvacit prayujyata eva; yatra padā ntarāṇāmartho'rthaprakaraṇādinā labhyate, tatra yāvadaprāptaṃ tāvatpadameva kevalaṃ uccārayanti . granthagrahaṇāvasareṣu ca svarūpāvadhāraṇamapi phalavadvarṇānām . mā vā phalavattvaṃ padavarṇānāṃ bhūt—tathāpi rathāvayavānāmiva rathakāryeṣvaparyāptaśaktīnāmapi svarūpasattvamanivāryam . kāryāntarāya rathāt rathāvayavāḥ prabhavantīti cet—padavarṇā api kāryāntare prabhaviṣyanti . ratha kāryaikadeśamātrāṃ kāmapi rathāvayavāḥ kurvantīti yadyucyeta—padānyapi— vākyakāryaikadeśaṃ kamapi kurvantyeva . varṇā api kecidarthavanto bhavantyeva . tasmānnāsantaḥ padavarṇāḥ .. ### [2.2.142](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.142) yatpunaravādi—vākyasyeva padāni, padānāmiva varṇāḥ, varṇānāmapyavayavāntarāṇi syuriti—tadidamapūrvaṃ pāṇḍityam . na hi ghaṭāḥ sāvayavā iti paramāṇubhirapi sāvayavairbhavitavyam . paramāṇavo vā niravayavā iti ghaṭairapi niravayavairbhavitavyam . upalabdhyanupalabdhī hi vastūnāṃ vyavasthāpike . yadyathopalabhyate, tattathā bhavati . yadya thā nopalabhyate, tattathā na bhavati . vākyapadayośca bhāgā upalabhyante, na varṇānām . tathā hyuktametat ślo. vā. sphoṭa-10— ### [2.2.143](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.143) alpīyasā'pi yatnena śabdamuccāritaṃ matiḥ . yadi vā naiva gṛhṇāti varṇaṃ vā sakalaṃ sphuṭam iti .. ### [2.2.144](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.144) tasmāt bāliśacoditamidaṃ—varṇasyāpyavayavā bhavantu, padavākyayorapi vā mā bhūvanniti .. ### [2.2.145](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.145) itaśca sāvayavau vākyavākyārthai, padopajananāpāyābhyāṃ tadarthopajana nāpāyadarśanāt . anayaiva yuktyā padabhāgā api prakṛtipratyayādayaḥ tāttvikā ityavagantavyāḥ, na kalpanāmātrapratiṣṭhāḥ . vṛkṣaṃ, vṛkṣeṇetyatra prakṛtyarthānugame pratyayārtho bhidyate . vṛkṣaṃ, ghaṭamiti pratyayārthānugama prakṛtyartho bhidyate . tatra yo'rtho yaṃ śabdamanugacchati, sa tasyārtha ityavasīyate . tatkathamasatyā bhāgāḥ ? ### [2.2.146](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.146) yatpunaḥ—kūpasūpayūpādau satyapi varṇānugame'rthānugamo na dṛśyate . tena cākāraṇamarthapratītervarṇānugama ityuktam—tadayuktam—yato nānvayavyatirekābhyāmanutpannā pratītirutpādyate, yena kūpādau tadutpādana māśaṅkyeta . prasiddhāyāṃ tu pratipattau vācakabhāgeyattāniyamaparicchede'nayorvyāpāraḥ . na caikatra varṇānugamādarthānugamo dṛṣṭa ityanyatrādṛśya māno'pi haṭhādāpādayituṃ yuktaḥ .. ### [2.2.147](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.147) reṇupaṭalānugatapipīlikāpaṅktidvārakavyabhicārodbhāvanamapi na peśalam—pāṃsupaṭalavikalapipīlikāpaṅktidarśanena tasyāḥ tatpratītikāritvābhāvaniścayāt . karikarabhaturagaprabhṛtīnāṃ tu pratyekaṃ vyabhicāre'pi bahu prāṇirūpasāmānyānapāyāt tatkāraṇameva dhūlīpaṭalamavagamyate .. ### [2.2.148](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.148) yadapi—aśvakarṇādau avayavārthalopāt anyatrāpyevamiti kathitam— tadapi na caturaśram—aśvakarṇaśabdo hi kvacidarthaprakaraṇavaśāt nyagbhavadavayavaśaktitayā tiraskṛtāvayavārthavastvantaravyaktau na sarvātmanā'vayavārthābhāvaḥ; vyastatvena sāmastyena vā punaḥ prayogāntare tadarthasaṃpratyayadarśanāt . aśvamāroha karṇe kuṇḍalaṃ iti vyastayoḥ prayogaḥ . turagaśrotre tu pratipipādayiṣite aśvakarṇaḥ iti samastaprayogo'pi tadarthāparityāgī dṛśyate iti na sarvātmanā nirarthakā bhāgāḥ .. ### [2.2.149](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.149) yatpunaḥ anvākhyānavisaṃvādāt prakṛtipratyayavibhāganiyamo nāvakalpata iti—etadapi na yuktam—āptataroktīnāṃ prāmāṇyāt . trimunivyākaraṇamiti pāṇinimatameva hi prakṛtipratyayavibhāgaṃ avitathaṃ pratyeṣyāmaḥ . kriyatyapi cāṃśe prāyeṇa sarveṣāmanvākhyātṝṇāmavivādaḥ . vikaraṇādivisaṃvādamātraṃ tvakiṃcitkaram . ataḥ pāramārthikatvāt prakṛtipratyayāṃśayoḥ na kalpanāmātreṇa pṛthakkaraṇam .. ### [2.2.150](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.150) yadapyavarṇi—varṇasāmānyāt padavibhāgajñānaṃ durghaṭaṃ—kālenadantināgāḥ iti—tadapyasāram—svarasmaraṇādīnāṃ padabhedāvagamopāyānāṃ saṃbhavāt . sarāmaḥ ityākhyātasya anyat svarādirūpam, nāmno'nyat . nāmatve'pi sa iti rāma iti ca dve pade . tayoranyadrūpam . saha rāmeṇa vartata ityekapade'pi anyadrūpamityabhiyogaviśeṣavatāṃ sarvaṃ subhagamiti nāśakyaḥ padavibhāgaparicchedaḥ .. ### [2.2.151](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.151) yadapi—dadhyatra madhvatra iti tathāvidhapadarūdādarśane'pi tadarthasaṃpratyaya ityuktam—so'pi na doṣaḥ—yataḥ te evaite pade īṣadvikṛte, tatpratyabhijñānācceti kecit .. ### [2.2.152](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.152) athavā igantadadhimadhupadavat yaṇantayorapi viṣayāntare sādhutvāt, tathaiva tadvidhāt vyutpatteḥ yaṇante api pade arthapratipādake bhaviṣyata ityalamevaṃprāyaiḥ kadāśāvyāhṛtaiḥ .. ### [2.2.153](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.153) api ca padānāmasatyatve kimartha eṣa tadvyutpattau iyān prayatno vṛddhairādhīyate ? ### [2.2.154](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.154) asatyamapi satyopāyatāṃ pratipadyata iti cet, na—adṛṣṭatvāt— alikāhidaṃśādayaḥ satyamūrchāhetavo ye'trodāhṛtāḥ, te tathā na bhavanti, viṣāśaṅkāyā api tatkāryahetutvāt . śaṅkā hi nāma buddhiḥ . buddhiśca na na kāraṇam . na cāsatī buddhiḥ .. ### [2.2.155](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.155) yadapi lipyakṣarāṇāmasatyānāṃ satyārthapratipādakatvamucyate—tadapyanabhijñabhāṣitam—rekhāstāvat svarūpataḥ satyāḥ . tāśca khaṇḍikopā dhyāyopadeśasaṃskṛtamateḥ varṇānumāpikā bhavanti . tathā saṃbandhagrahaṇāt rekhānumitebhyaśca varṇebhyaḥ arthapratipattiriti nāsatyāssatyopāyāḥ .. ### [2.2.156](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.156) ayaṃ gakāraḥ iti tu sāmānādhikaraṇyabhramaḥ liṅgaliṅginorabhedopacārāt . yathā prasthamitāḥ saktavaḥ prasthaśabdenocyante, tathā rekhāto'pi gakārānumānāt rekhaiva gakāra ityucyate . evamaniṣyamāṇe lipyanabhijñasyāpi tato'rthapratipattiḥ syāt, rekhānāmasatyavarṇānāṃ vidyamānatvāt . na cevamasti . tasmāt varṇānumānapurassaraiva rekhābhyo'rthāvagatiḥ . abhyastatvādviṣayasya, sakṣmatvācca kālasya kramo na lakṣyate, na tvanyathā tato'vagatiḥ . tasmāt pāramārthikatvāt padatadarthānāṃ na niravayavau vākyavākyārthāviti sthitam .. ### [2.2.157](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.157) yatpunaḥ vākyabhāgapadavarṇāpahnavavartmanā śabdabrahyaivādvayamupadarśayitumupakramyate—tatra purastāt savistaraṃ samādhimabhidhāsyāmaḥ .. ### [2.2.158](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.158) yatpunaravādi vācastraividhyaṃ—tadapi nānamanyante . ekaiva vaikharī vāgvāgiti prasiddhā hi .. ### [2.2.159](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.159) antassaṃjalpo varṇyate madhyamā vāk seyaṃ buddhyātmā naiṣa vācaḥ prabhedaḥ . buddhirvācyaṃ vācakaṃ collikhantī rūpaṃ nātmīyaṃ bodhabhāvaṃ jahāti .. ### [2.2.160](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.160) paśyantīti tu nirvikalpakamaternāmāntaraṃ kalpitaṃ . vijñānasya hi na prakāśavapuṣaḥ vāgrūpatā śāśvatī . jāte'smin viṣayāvabhāsini tataḥ syādvā'vamarśo giraḥ na syādvāpi na jātu vāgvirahito bodho jaḍatvaṃ smṛśet .. ### [2.2.161](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.161) tadāstāmiyaṃ śabdabrahmacarcā . prakṛtamanusarāmaḥ .. ### [2.2.162](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.162) iti vitatayā varṇā ete dhiyā viṣayīkṛtāḥ dadhati padatāṃ vākyatvaṃ vā ta eva ca vācakāḥ . na ca tadaparaḥ sphoṭaḥ śrotre vibhātyavabodhane na ca vidhihato vācye buddhiṃ vidhātumasau kṣamaḥ .. ### [2.2.163](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.163) —iti sphoṭanirākaraṇam— ### [2.2.164](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.164) —vākyārthabodhavicāraḥ— ### [2.2.165](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.165) evaṃ sphoṭe pratihate, varṇeṣu vācakeṣu sthiteṣu kaścidāha—vāḍhaṃ varṇebhyaḥ padārthapratītirastu . vākyārthapratītau na teṣāṃ sāmarthyam .. ### [2.2.166](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.166) kutastarhi vākyārthāvagatiḥ ? padārthebhya ityāha .. ### [2.2.167](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.167) tathā ca varṇānāṃ padārthapratipattau caritārthatvāt na vākyārthe sāmarthyam . aparimlānasāmarthyāstu padārthā āsate . te vākyārthabuddhervidhātāraḥ .. ### [2.2.168](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.168) arthāpattyā hi varṇānāṃ kāryeṣu śaktayaḥ kalpyante . tatra padārthaṃbuddheranyathānupapannatvāt yathoktanītyā varṇānāṃ tatpratipādane śaktiravagamyate . vākyārthapratītiḥ punaranyathā'pyupapadyamānā na tatra teṣāṃ śakti mupakalpayitumarhati .. ### [2.2.169](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.169) kiṃca kimekameva saṃskāramādadhānā varṇāḥ padārthaṃ vākyārthaṃ ca bodhayanti, bhinnaṃ vā ? tatra ca— ### [2.2.170](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.170) ekayaiva hi saṃskṛtyā kathaṃ kāryadvayaṃ bhavet . na caiṣāṃ pūrvasaṃskārāt anyo'stīti pratīyate .. ### [2.2.171](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.171) vākyārthapratīteranyathāpi bhāvāt na nānāsaṃskārakalpanābījamasti .. ### [2.2.172](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.172) api ca padeṣu pūrvavarṇeṣu nātidūramatikrānteṣu buddhyopasaṃhartuṃ śakyeṣu ghaṭamānaṃ antyavarṇavelāyāmanusaṃdhānaṃ vākyeṣu punaraticirataratirohitākṣarapara parānusandhānamatikliṣṭamadṛṣṭapūrvamiti durghaṭametat . vyavahitapadoccāraṇe tu dṛśyate vā vākyārthapratītiḥ, yatra pūrvavarṇānusandhānagandho'pi nāsti . tasmānna varṇā vākyārthabuddhihetavaḥ .. ### [2.2.173](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.173) api ca padārthaṃ vākyārthaṃ ca pratipādayanto varṇāḥ—yugapat pratipādayeyuḥ, krameṇa vā ? tatra sakṛduccaritānāṃ yugapadubhayakaraṇamanupapannam, aśakyatvāt .. ### [2.2.174](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.174) kramapakṣe'pi pūrvaṃ cet vākyarthapratipādanaṃ, tadayuktam—anavagatapadārthasya vākyārthapratyayādarśanāt . atha pūrvaṃ padārthapratipādanaṃ, tato vākyārthapratyāyanaṃ, hanta tarhi padārthapratyayādeva vākyārthabuddheḥ siddhatvāt kimiti punaḥ vyāpārāntare śrama āśrīyate . tasmāt padārthapratipādanaparya vasitasāmarthyāni padāni . padārthebhyastu vākyārthapratyaya iti siddham .. ### [2.2.175](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.175) api ca anvayavyatirekābhyāmevaṃ avagamyate—yat padārthapūrvako vākyārtha iti . yo hi mānasādapacārāt śruteṣvapi padeṣu padārthānnāvagacchati, nāvagacchatyeva vākyārtham . yastu aśruteṣvapi padeṣu pramāṇāntarataḥ padārthān jānīyāt, jānātyevāsau vākyārtham .. ### [2.2.176](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.176) paśyataḥ śvetamārūpaṃ heṣāśabdaṃ ca śrṛṇvataḥ . khuravikṣepaśabdaṃ ca śveto'śvo dhāvatīti dhīḥ .. ślo. vā-vākya-335 ### [2.2.177](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.177) dṛṣṭā vākyavinirmuktā na padārthairvinā kvacit ### [2.2.178](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.178) iti .. ### [2.2.179](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.179) tadeṣā vākyārthabuddhiḥ padārthapratītiṃ na vyabhicarati . vyabhicarati tu padapratītimiti na tatkāryā bhavitumarhatīti .. ### [2.2.180](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.180) yadapyucyate—pratyekaṃ vyabhicārāt, samuditānāmasādhāraṇyāt na padārthānāṃ vākyārthāvagatihetutvamiti—tadapyayuktam—pratyekaṃ tāvat gamakatvaṃ neṣyata eva . samuditānāṃ tvasādhāraṇyaṃ bhavadapi na naḥ kṣatikaram . na hyete liṅgavat saṃbandhagrahaṇamapekṣamāṇā avabodhakāḥ, yadasādhāraṇyānnāvakalpeta . kintu agṛhītasaṃbandhā api ākāṅkṣāyogyatāsannidhitātparyaparyālocanayā parasparaṃ saṃsṛjyante . sa eva vākyārthaḥ, yaḥ saṃsṛṣṭaḥ padārthasamudāyaḥ, itaraviśiṣṭo vetara iti .. ### [2.2.181](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.181) nāpyaśābdatvamitthaṃ vākyārthapratīterāśaṅkanīyam, śabdāvagatimūlatvena tasyāḥ śābdatvāt . śabdāt padārthapratipattau vākyārthapratipattiriti sarvamanavadyam . taduktaṃ—padāni hi svaṃ svamarthamabhidhāya nivṛttavyāpārāṇi . athedānīmavagatāḥ padārthā eva vākyārthamavagamayanti śā. bhā. 1-1-25 iti .. ### [2.2.182](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.182) atrāpyabhidhīyate—na padārthebhyo vākyārthāvagatiḥ, api tu vākyādeva . tathā cāyaṃ vākyārtha iti prasiddhiḥ, na padārthārtha iti . yathā hi kālpanikavarṇasamūhātmakaṃ padaṃ padārthapratipattimādadhāti, tathā kālpanikapadasamūhātmakaṃ vākyaṃ vākyārthapratipattimādhāsyati .. ### [2.2.183](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.183) nanu ! padasamūhātmakaṃ vākyamanyannāsti, kintu padānyeva vākyam . padānāṃ ca svārthe caritārthatvāt na vākyārthasāmarthyamityuktam—naitadyuktam —padārthānāmapi caritārthatvāt . kva teṣāṃ caritārthatvam—svapratipatau .. ### [2.2.184](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.184) nanu ! padāni svapratipattau caritārthībhūya padārthapratipattimādadhati . punastānyeva kathaṃ vākyārthapratipattimādhāsyanti ? padārthāstu svāvagaterūrdhvaṃ na kvacitparatracaritārthā iti vākyārthabuddhervidhātāro bhavantu—naita devam—antyapadasyānyatra caritārthatvābhāvāt .. ### [2.2.185](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.185) antyapadameva pūrvapadasmaraṇopakṛtaṃ vākyamucyate . tadarthaśca pūrvapadārthaviśiṣṭo vākyārtha ityeke . tasmāt vākyādeva vākyārthapratyayaḥ .. ### [2.2.186](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.186) kintu—kimekasaṃskārasmaraṇena kāryadvayaṃ padāni vidadhāti vibhinna saṃskāreṇa vā ? iti—tatra kāryabhedāt kāraṇabhedānumānamiti prasiddha eṣa panthāḥ . eko'pyatīndriyaḥ saṃskāraḥ kāryāt kalpyate; bahavo'pi tata eva kalpayiṣyante, kāryasya bhinnatvāt .. ### [2.2.187](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.187) yadapi ciratirohitavarṇaprabandhānusandhānaṃ durghaṭamiti kathitaṃ—tadapi na cāru—kayācitkalpanayā varṇānāmiva padabuddhau, padānāmapi vākyabuddhāvupārohasaṃbhavāt . etaccānantaraṃ darśayiṣyate .. ### [2.2.188](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.188) yadapi vikalpitaṃ—yugapadvā krameṇa vā varṇāḥ padavākyārthapratyaye vyāpriyeran ? iti—tatrāpyucyate—yaugapadyaṃ tāvadanabhyupagamādeva pratyuktam . kramo'pyeṣāmīdṛśaḥ—yat prathamaṃ padārthamavagamayanti, tato vākyārtham . so'yaṃ tarhi padārthapūrvaka eva vākyārtha ukto bhavatīti cet—maivam—padārtho hi nāma prameyameva . na te pramāṇavarge nipatanti . na ca padārthavākyārthayoratyantaṃ bhedaḥ, yena tayoḥ dhūmāgnyoriva saṃbandhagrahaṇasāpekṣayoḥ tadanapekṣayorvā rūpadīpayoriva pratyāyyapratyāyakabhāvaḥ . na hi svaśarīra eva gamyagamakavācoyuktiḥ pravartate . kathaṃ bhavān svabhāvahetuvādino bauddhasya śiṣya iva nirvṛttaḥ .. ### [2.2.189](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.189) nanu ! sāmānye hi padaṃ vartate, viśeṣe ca vākyam . anyacca sāmānyam, anye ca viśeṣāḥ . yaduktaṃ— ### [2.2.190](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.190) sāmānyānyanyathāsiddheḥ viśeṣaṃ gamayanti hi ### [2.2.191](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.191) iti vyatireka eva pratyāyyapratyāyakayoḥ—ucyate—bāḍham ? astyayamiyān vyatirekaḥ . kintu viratavyāpāre cakṣuṣīva śabde, dhūmā divat prameyāt padārthāt agneriva vākyārthasyāvagamo nāsti . na hi padārthāḥ prameyībhūya dhūmavat punaḥ pramāṇībhavitumarhanti . kintu padānyeva tatpratipādanadvāreṇa vākyārthapratipattau paryavasyanti . kathamātmīyameva granthaṃ nāvabudhyante bhavantaḥ ! ślo-vā-vākya-340 ### [2.2.192](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.192) vākyārthapratyaye teṣāṃ pravṛttau nāntarīyakam . pāke jvāleva kāṣṭhānāṃ padārthapratipādanam iti .. ### [2.2.193](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.193) avāntaravyāpāro hi na kārakasya pradhāne vyāpāre kārakatāṃ vyāhanti . padānāṃ hi dvayī śaktiḥ, abhidhātrī tātparyaśaktiśca . tatra abhidhātrī śaktireṣāṃ padārtheṣūpayuktā . tātparyaśaktiśca vākyārthe paryavasyatīti .. ### [2.2.194](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.194) bhāṣyakāro'pi padāni hi svaṃ svamarthamabhidhāya nivṛttavyāpārāṇi iti vadan abhidhāvyāpāra eva śakteḥ viratimāha, na tātparyaśakteḥ . abhidhāya nivṛttavyāpārāṇi padāni yadarthaparāṇi, tatrānivṛttavyāpārāṇyeva . evaṃ hi śābdatā vākyārthapratyayasya na hāsyate . sarvātmanā tu viratavyāpāre śabde, sā'vaśyaṃ hīyate . śabdāvagatimūlatvāttu śābdatve śrautratvamapi syāt, śrotrasya pāraṃparyeṇa tanmūlatvāt . śabde ca viratavyāpāre katamat tatpramāṇam, yasya vākyārthapratītiḥ phalamiti na vidmaḥ .. ### [2.2.195](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.195) na pratyakṣam, atīndriyatvādvākyārthasya . nānumānam, na cānumānameṣā dhīḥ ślo-vā-1-1-1-tro-232 ityādinā granthavistareṇa svayameva nirastatvāt . na śabdaḥ, nivṛttavyāpāratvāt .. ### [2.2.196](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.196) sāmānyānyanyathāsiddheḥ viśeṣaṃ gamayanti hi ### [2.2.197](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.197) iti nyāyāt . arthāpattiriti cet, kimidānīmarthāpattigamyo dharmaḥ ? na caitadyuktaṃ, iṣṭaṃ vā . tadidaṃ saptamaṃ pramāṇamavatarati pārārthyaṃ nāma . etaccāpi neṣṭam . ato na padārthanimittakaḥ vākyārthapratyayaḥ .. ### [2.2.198](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2.198) yadapyuktaṃ—anvayavyatirekābhyāṃ padārthanimittakatvaṃ vākyārthasyāvagamyata iti—tatra padārthasaṃsargasvabhāvatvādvākyārthasya satyaṃ tatpūrvakatvamiṣyata eva vākyapratipatteḥ, na tu tajjanyatvaṃ, śabdavyāpārānuparamāt . mānase cāpacāre sati padānāmapi grahaṇaṃ nāstyeva, yataḥ kṣaṇāntare samāhitacetāḥ sa vakti nāhametadaśrauṣam, anyatra me mano'bhūt, punarbrūhi iti . itarathā hi padāni smṛtvā tadarthamevāvagacchet, na punaḥ pṛcchet . tasmāt padānāṃ grahaṇameva tatra vākyārthāvagame nimittam .. _First 198 of 530 passages. [Read on](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2)_ ## Commentaries (1) - [Nyāyamañjarīgranthibhaṅga](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari!granthibhanga.56.p6) — Cakradhara, Sanskrit ## Linked texts (8) - [Śṛṅgāraprakāśa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa.8.p1.15) — Bhoja, Sanskrit - [Vākyapadīya (ed. Raghunātha Śarmā, with the Vṛtti and his Ambākartrī)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.darsana.vakyapadiya*raghunatha.1.142.p18) — Sanskrit - [Tantravārttika (ed. Subbāśāstrī)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.mimamsasutra!sabara!tantravarttika*subbasastri.1.2.10.1.13) — Sanskrit - [Sarvadarśanasaṅgraha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.sarvadarsanasangraha.13.40) — Mādhava, Sanskrit - [Parātrīśikāvivaraṇa (complete text)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.sampradaya.saiva.agama.trika.rudrayamala.paratrisika!abhinavagupta*complete.2.281) — Sanskrit - [Nyāyacandrikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.vada.nyaya-khandana.nyayacandrika.1.p1393) — Ānandapūrṇa Vidyāsāgara, Sanskrit - [Nyāyacandrikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.advaita.nyayacandrika.1.p1393) — Gaṅgādhara, Sanskrit - [Vidhirasāyana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.vidhirasayana.10.359) — Appayya Dīkṣita 1560, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.2) · Pramāṇa