[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari) › 2.8 # A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers 2.8: dvādaśamāhnikam—jāti-nigrahasthānaparīkṣā · jātisāmānyalakṣaṇam Nyāyamañjarī 2.8 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### dvādaśamāhnikam—jāti-nigrahasthānaparīkṣā · jātisāmānyalakṣaṇam ### [2.8.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.1) chalānantaraṃ jāteruddeśāt tasyāssāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ tāvadāha— ### [2.8.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.2) sādharmyavaidharmyābhyāṃ pratyavasthānaṃ jātiḥ .. 1-2-18 .. ### [2.8.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.3) atra traikālyasamādisakalaviśeṣasaṃgrahāya sādharmyavaidharmyādipadanirapekṣameva pratyavasthānapadaṃ jātisāmānyalakṣaṇapratipādakamāhu; .. ### [2.8.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.4) pratīpaṃ avasthānaṃ pratyavasthānam . tāvanmātrameva ca yatkiṃciduttaraṃ paraprayukte hetau jāyamānatvājjātirityabhidhīyate—tadanupapannam—pratyavava sthānamātrasya sādharmyādinirapekṣasya jātitve hetvābhāsodbhāvanamapi jātitāmaśnuvīt .. ### [2.8.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.5) atha tasya samyaguttaratvāt iha ca nirviśeṣaṇapratyavasthānamātropapādanāt phalguprāyamasaduttaraṃ jātitvena vivakṣitamityucyate—tathāpi chalasya jātitvaprasaktiraparihāryaiva . tadvyudāsāya tu tadanyatve sati ityādika yadi kiṃcidadhyāhriyate—tadamuṣya śrūyamāṇasya sādharmyavaidharmyagrahaṇasyai ko doṣaḥ ? ### [2.8.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.6) nanu ! traikālyasamādīnāmasaṃgrahaḥ kiṃ na doṣaḥ ? na hi traikālyasamādiṣu sādharmyeṇa vaidharmyeṇa vā pratyavasthānamastīti—naiṣa doṣaḥ— sādharmyavaidharmyābhyāmityasamāsakaraṇena dikpradarśanasya sūcanāt . sādharmyeṇa vaidhamyaiṇa vā, kathameṣa hetuḥ heturbhavatīti vā, kimanena kriyate iti vā yadevaṃprakāraṃ pratyavasthānaṃ hetupratibimbavartmanā kriyate, sā jātiḥ ityucyamāne bhaviṣyati sakalaviśeṣasaṅgrahaḥ . traikālyasamādiṣvapi vā yādṛśasya tādṛśasya sādharmyavaidharmyaprakārasyaḥ yojayituṃ śakyatvāt . na hyudāharaṇasādharmyaṃ sādhyasādhanamiha vivakṣitam, tadvaidharmyaṃ vā; sādharmyādimātraṃ tu . tatrāpi nātyantāya duravagamamiti yathāśrutameva sādharmyavaidharmyābhyāṃ pratyavasthānaṃ jātiriti sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ yuktam .. ### [2.8.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.7) atha bhedavattvājjāteḥ caturviśatidhā vibhāgamāha— ### [2.8.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.8) sādharmyavaidharmyotkarṣāpakarṣavarṇyāvarṇyavikalpasādhyaprāptyaprāptiprasaṅgapratidṛṣṭāntānutpattisaṃśayaprakaraṇahetvarthāpattyaviśeṣopapattyupalabdhyanupalabdhinityānityakāryasamāḥ .. 5-1-1 .. ### [2.8.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.9) atra samā iti striyāṃ puṃsi ca tulyatvānnidarśasya, jātyapekṣayā strī nirdeśo vā pratiṣedhāpekṣayā puṃnnirdeśo vā varṇanīyaḥ . viśeṣalakṣaṇasūtreṣu punaḥ prāyeṇa pulliṅganirdeśo dṛśyate . sa tu pratiṣedhāpekṣayā teṣu vyākhyeya iti tadvyākhyānāvasara eva vakṣyāmaḥ .. ### [2.8.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.10) nanu ! āstāṃ tāvadviśeṣalakṣaṇavarṇanam . idameva tvādau cintyatām . kimarthamevaṃvidhamasaduttarajātaṃ śāstre vyutpādyate . evaṃprakārāṇāṃ ca dhūli prakṣepasadṛśānāṃ sāretaraparīkṣaṇakṣamavicakṣaṇopekṣaṇīyānāmasaduttarāṇāṃ ānantyāt caturviṃśatisaṃkhyāpi kathamiti mahān vismayo'smākam .. ### [2.8.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.11) yadapi ca tattvādhyavasāyasaṃrakṣaṇaṃ tatprayojanamabhidhīyate—tadapi na hṛdayaṅgamam—asaduttaropanyāsena tattvādhyavasāyasya saṃrakṣitumaśakya tvāt .. ### [2.8.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.12) atha vikaṭāṭopaprakaṭanapāṭavopahitāparasaṃmohanadvāreṇa tadrakṣaṇamāsthīyate, tarhi niṣṭhīvanahasitatarjanāṃsamardanakaupīnāvaraṇavidāraṇacaraṇāvasphoṭanādyapi vyutpādyatāmiha mokṣavidyāyām .. ### [2.8.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.13) api cedaṃ vicāryatām—kva jātiprayogaiḥ pratyavastheyam, samyaksādhane pareṇa prayukte, tadābhāse vā ? na tāvatsādhanābhāse, tasya hi yena nimittenāsiddhatvādinā sādhanābhāsatvamupanataṃ, tadeva tatraprayoktumucitam, jātayaḥ . tenaiva ca paraḥ parājīyate . nāpi samyaksādhane, tatra prayuktānāmapi tāsāmakiṃcitkaratvāt . na hi jātiprayogakaluṣitamapi samyaksādhanamasādhanībhavitumarhati .. ### [2.8.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.14) athaikāntaparājayādvaraṃ saṃdeha iti tābhirupakramyate—tatrāpi na tathopakramamāṇaḥ kamiva pratyāyayet ? na nītividaḥ, nītividastāvajjānantyeva, 'so'yaṃ yathocitamabhivaditumapārayan kimapyālajālamālapituṃ pravṛttaḥ, iti . śākaṭikādipratyāyanaṃ tu pratyantagahvarajanapadeṣu grāmya sadasi lābhādikāmasya kasyacit prayojanavadbhavedapi kadācit, na tu mokṣaśāstre tathāvidhopadeśaḥ peśala iti .. ### [2.8.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.15) atrābhidhīyate—samāhitametadbhagavatā sūtrakāreṇaiva tattvādhyavasāyasaṃrakṣaṇārthaṃ, kaṇṭakaśākhāparivaraṇavat iti vadatā . jalpavitaṇḍāṅgabhūtāni chalajātinigrahasthānāni . taduktaṃ chalajātinigrahasthānasādhanopālambho jalpaḥ iti . bhāsyakṛdapyāha—chalajātinigrahasthānānāṃ pṛthagupadeśa upalakṣaṇārthaḥ . upalakṣitānāṃ svavākye parivarjanaṃ, paravākye ca paryanuyogaḥ . jātestu pareṇa prayujyamānāyāḥ suvacaḥ samādhiḥ, svayaṃ ca sukaraḥ prayogaḥ iti .. ### [2.8.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.16) yadā hi mumukṣoḥ āgamādvā yuktito vā tattvajñānamutpannaṃ, na cādyāpi bhāvanābhyāsaprasādasamāsāditataddraḍhimātiśayaḥ vartate, tasyāmavasthāyāṃ yadi kenacit kimapyanumānaprāyamabhidhāya tadākulīkriyeta, tadat'sau viditayuktyāgamagauravo'pi sapadi tadutpādite tattvajñāne manāgasaṃbhāvanāleśamivādhigacchet . tasmin vā dṛḍhapratyaye'pi tatpārśvavartinaḥ śiṣyāḥ śithilitāsthā bhaveyuḥ . ato jhaṭiti sa dūṣaṇamapaśyan pratipakṣaṃ jātiprayogairapyasau śamayedeva, nodāsītetyuktaṃ jalpalakṣaṇe .. ### [2.8.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.17) paroditā vā jātīḥ pratyabhijñāya tatkṣaṇameva pariharediti sapha jātivyutpādanam . yathā kvacidaciravyuptasasye saṃpratyudbhidyamānakomalā ṅkuranikaradanturitasīmani kedāre tadupadravaḥ drutataragāmino yataḥ kutaścana catuṣpadāddvipādādvā'bhiśaṅkyata iti tatparihārāya samantato nirantarakaṇṭakaśākhāsantatiparicaraṇamādhīyate, evamihāpi jātyādiprayogataduddhāradvārakaṃ tattvādhyavasāyasaṃrakṣaṇaṃ kartavyamiti .. ### [2.8.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.18) yattu vikalpitaṃ—kva jāteḥ prayogaḥ, samyaksādhane, tadābhāseveti— taducyate—samyagdūṣaṇamapaśyattā kila jātyādi prayoktavyam . tacca saddūṣaṇādarśanaṃ samyaksādhane tadabhāvādeva bhavatu, sādhanābhāse vā, pramādādineveti ko'tra viśeṣaḥ ? ### [2.8.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.19) mumukṣostu jñātatattvasya tatpratikūlavādinā kena cidākṣiptasya tatprayukte tattvapratikṣepa balāt sādhanābhāsaviṣaya eva samyagdūṣaṇamapaśyataḥ jātiprayogāvasaraḥ . jñātvā'pi sādhanānāmābhāsatāṃ yathā tathā satvarameva nirbhartsyatāmayaṃ durācāraḥ' iti pārśvasthitasukumāramatiśiṣyajanotsāhajana nāya jātyādyāḍambaraviracamucitameva mumukṣoḥ . mumukṣuṃ prati ca śāstrārambhāt āṃjasyena tadapekṣayā sādhanābhāsaviṣaya eva jātiprayogaḥ . ata eva ca bhāṣyakṛtā prathamaṃ sādhanābhāsā eva jātyudāharaṇaṃ darśitam .. ### [2.8.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.20) lābhādikāmānāṃ tu samyaksādhane'pi prayukte yukta eva jātyādyupakramaḥ . itarathā hi nissaṃśaya eva parājayaḥ syādityetacca ānuṣaṅgikaṃ prayojanamityuktam .. ### [2.8.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.21) yatpunarabhihitaṃ—asaduttarakathane kathaṃ na capeṭādikaṃ prayujyata iti— tadapyasat—tasyātyantamalaukikatvāt . loko hi tadaivaṃ manyeta— ### [2.8.22](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.22) nūnameṣa na jānāti vaktuṃ sadṛśamuttaram . anyathā vācamutsṛjya pāṇinā praharet katham .. ### [2.8.23](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.23) khedayedvādinaṃ yastu hastapādādicāpalaiḥ . sa saṃsadyucyate sadbhiḥ bhaṇḍa eva na paṇḍitaḥ .. ### [2.8.24](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.24) jātyopakramamāṇastu na tathaiṣa vihasyate . na hi saṃdūṣaṇacchāyā tatrātyantamasaṅgatā .. ### [2.8.25](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.25) tanna kaupīnavasanāpanayādisāmyaṃ jātyuttarāṇāmiti .. ### [2.8.26](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.26) yattu kastaiḥ pratyāyyata iti—tanna—na sarvaḥ sarvajñakalpo bhavati, na ca śākaṭikatulyaḥ . santi hi madhyamadaśāvartinaḥ janāḥ; ta ārādhayiṣyanta ityalaṃ prasaṅgena .. ### [2.8.27](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.27) yatpunaḥ asaduttarāṇāmānantyāt kathaṃ caturviśatisaṃkhyeti—tatrāpyucyate—satyapyānantye jātīnāmasaṃkīrṇodāharaṇavivakṣayā caturviṃśatiprakāratvamupavarṇitaṃ, na tu tatsaṃkhyāniyamaḥ kṛta iti .. ### [2.8.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.28) tadatra sādharmyeṇa pratyavasthānaṃ aviśiṣyamāṇaṃ sthāpanāhetoḥ tatsādharmyasamā jātiḥ . sā ca sādharmyahetau vaidharmyahetau ca prayujyate vaidharmyeṇa pravartamānaṃ tathaiva vaidharmyasamā jātiḥ . utkarṣāpakarṣābhyāṃ pratyavasthānaṃ utkarṣāpakaṣaṃsame jātī ityevaṃ sarvatra yojyam .. ### [2.8.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.29) sthāpanāhetutaścāviśeṣyamāṇatvaṃ jātivādyabhiprāyeṇa tāsāṃ draṣṭavyam . jātivādī hyevaṃ vadati—yathā bhavatprayuktaṃ sādhanaṃ tathedamapi kimiti na bhavatīti . ata eva hetupratibimbanadvāraka eva jātyupanyāsa ityuktam .. ### [2.8.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.30) atha viśeṣalakṣaṇānyāha . tatra— ### [2.8.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.31) sādharmyavaidharmyābhyāmupasaṃhāre taddharmaviparyayopapatteḥ sādharmyavaidharmyasamau .. 5. 1. 2 .. ### [2.8.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.32) pratiṣedhāpekṣayā puṃliṅganirdeśa iti tatra tatra draṣṭavyam . tatra ca sādharmyeṇa vaidharmyeṇa vā sādhanamabhidhāya siṣādhayiṣitapakṣopasaṃhāre sādhanavādinā kṛte, sādhyadharmaviparyayopapādanāya sādharmyeṇa pratyavasthānamaviśiṣyamāṇaṃ sthāpanāhetutaḥ—sādharmyasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ .. ### [2.8.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.33) udāharaṇaṃ tu—anityaḥ śabdaḥ, prayatnānantarīyakatvāt, yat prayatnānantarīyakaṃ, tat anityaṃ dṛṣṭam, yathā ghaṭaḥ—iti sādharmyeṇa hetau prayukte, jātivādī sādharmyeṇaiva pratyavatiṣṭhate—nityaḥ śabdaḥ, niravayavatvāt, niravayavaṃ dravyaṃ ākāśādi nityaṃ dṛṣṭamiti . na cātra viśeṣaheturasti, ghaṭasādharmyāt prayatnānantarīyakatvādanityaḥ śabdaḥ, na punaḥ ākāśasādharmyānniravayavatvānnityaḥ śabda iti .. ### [2.8.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.34) tathā'traiva vaidharmyeṇa . tyavasthānaṃ—nityaḥ śabdaḥ, niravayavatvāt, yat punaranityaṃ tat sāvayavaṃ dṛṣṭam, yathā ghaṭādi dravyamiti . na cāsti viśeṣahetuḥ, ghaṭasādharmyāt pratyatnānantarīyakatvāt anityaḥ śabdaḥ, na punaḥ ghaṭavaidharmyāt niravayavatvāt nitya iti .. ### [2.8.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.35) vaidharmyahetāvapi sādhanādinā prayukte, anityaḥ śabdaḥ, prayatnānantarīyakatvāt, yadanityaṃ na bhavati, tat prayatnānantarīyakamapi na bhavati, ākāśādivat—ityatra etadeva pūrvoktaṃ sādharmyavaidharmyapratyavasthānadvayamudāhartavyamiti .. ### [2.8.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.36) yathā kvacidavasare svayaṃ prayogo jātīnāmupayujyata iti tatsvarūpavyutpādanamupakrāntam evaṃ paraprayuktānāṃ tāsāṃ uttaramapi vaktavyam .atastadvyutpādanārthamāha— ### [2.8.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.37) gotvādgosiddhivattatsiddhiḥ .. 5. 1. 3 .. ### [2.8.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.38) sādharmyavaidharmyasamayoridamuttaram . yadi sādharmyamātraṃ vaidha rmyamātra vā sādhyasādhanaṃ pratijñāyeta, syādiyamanavasthā . bhavecca bhavatprayuktānāmīdṛśāmapi sthāpanāhetoraviśeṣaḥ . viśiṣṭaṃ tu sādharmyaṃ vaidharmya vā prayojakaṃ mucyamānaṃ naivaṃvidhaiḥ pratyavasthānaiḥ upahanyate . yathā satyapi sattādisāmānyasaṃbandhe, satyapi śuklādiguṇasaṃbandhe, satyapi calanādikarmayoge na gauḥ tathātvena tatsādharmyāt siddhyati, aśvādivaidharmyādvā, kintu avyabhicāriṇaḥ gotvādisaṃbandhādeva . tathehāpyaskhalitaniyamaṃ sādharmyaṃ, vaidharmyaṃ vā sādhyasiddhinibandhanam, na sādharmyādimātramiti .. ### [2.8.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.39) sādhyadṛṣṭāntayordharmavikalpādubhayasādhyatvāccotkarṣā pakarṣavarṇyāvarṇyavikalpasādhyasamāḥ .. 5. 1. 4 .. ### [2.8.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.40) dṛṣṭāntadharmaṃ sādhye dharmiṇi yojayan—asantamadhyāropayan utkarṣeṇa pratyavasthānaṃ yat karoti, sa utkarṣasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . yathā—anityaḥ śabdaḥ prayatnānantarīyakatvāt, ghaṭavat—ityukte, apara āha—yadi prayatnānantarīyakatvāt, ghaṭavadanityaḥ śabdaḥ, ghaṭavadeva mūrto'pi bhavati . na cenmūrtaḥ, ghaṭavadanityo'pi mā bhūditi mūrtatvasya dharmāntarasya prasaṃjanamutkarṣasamaḥ .. ### [2.8.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.41) dṛṣṭāntadharmavikalpanenaiva sādhyadharmiṇi siddhasyāpi dharmasyāpakaṣaṇa pratyavasthānamapakarṣasamaḥ . pūrvasminneva prayoge, ghaṭaḥ khalu prayatnānantarīyakassan aśrāvaṇo dṛṣṭaḥ, evaṃ śabdo'pi prayatnānantarīyakatvādaśrāvaṇo'stu . na cedaśrāvaṇaḥ, ghaṭavadanityo'pi mā bhūditi sataḥ śrāvaṇatvasyāpasāraṇamapakarṣasamaḥ .. ### [2.8.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.42) khyāpanīyaḥ—varṇyaḥ—pratipipādayiṣitaḥ sādhyadharmaḥ . tadviparyayāt avarṇyaḥ—siddhaḥ dṛṣṭāntadharmaḥ . tāvetau 'varṇyāvaṇyau viparyasyan— itaramitareṇa samīkurvan pratyavasthānaṃ yat karoti, tau varṇyāvarṇyasamau pratiṣeghau bhavataḥ . yadi śabdaḥ nityatvena varṇyate—sādhyate, ghaṭo'pi varṇyatāmiti varṇyasamaḥ . ghaṭaścenna varṇyate, śabdo'pi mā varṇītyavarṇyasamaḥ .. ### [2.8.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.43) dharmāntaravikalpena pratyavasthānaṃ vikalpasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . tatraiva prayoge—prayatnānantarīyakaṃ kiṃcinmṛdu dṛṣṭaṃ, dukūlarāṅkavaśayyādi; kiṃcit kaṭhinaṃ, karparaparaśvadhādi . evaṃ prayatnānantarīyakaṃ kiṃcidanityaṃ bhaviṣyati ghaṭādi, kiṃcinnityaṃ śabdādīti .. ### [2.8.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.44) ubhayorapi sādhyadṛṣṭāntayoḥ sādhyatvāpādanena pratyavasthānaṃ sādhyasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . yadi yathā ghaṭāstathā śabdaḥ, prāptaṃ tarhi yathā śabdaḥ, tathā ghaṭa iti . śabdaśca anityatayā sādhya iti ghaṭo'pi sādhya eva syāt . anyathā hi na tena tulyo bhavediti .. ### [2.8.45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.45) atra paṃcānāmuttaram— ### [2.8.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.46) kiñcitsādharmyādupasaṃhāriserddhaivadharmyādapratiṣedhaḥ .. 5-1-5 .. ### [2.8.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.47) kiṃcitsādharmyādupasaṃhāraḥ siddhyati—yathā gauḥ, evamayaṃ gavayaḥ iti . na tu sarvathā rūpābhedaḥ tayoḥ āpādayituṃ śakyaḥ . pramāṇāvagatasvabhāvabhedānāṃ bhāvānāmitaretararūpasaṃkarasya kartumaśakyatvāt . evaṃca svapratibandhasādharmye susthite svasādhyamupasthāpayati sthāpanāhetau sādhyadṛṣṭāntayordharmavikalpamāpādayatā vaidharmyaṃ ca kiṃcidabhidadhatā pratiṣedhaḥ kartuṃ na labhyata iti .. ### [2.8.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.48) atha ṣaṣṭhasyottaram— ### [2.8.49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.49) sādhyatideśācca dṛṣṭāntopapatteḥ .. 5-1-6 .. ### [2.8.50](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.50) yaducyate ghaṭo'pi śabdavat sādhyo bhavatviti—tannaivam—laukikaparī kṣakāṇāṃ yasminnarthe buddhisāmyam, sa dṛṣṭāntaḥ . tenāviparītatayā śabde 'tidiśyate . yathā ghaṭaḥ prayatnānantarīyakaḥ san anityaḥ, evaṃ śabdo' pīti . evaṃ sādhyātideśāt dṛṣṭānta upapadyamāne na tasya sādhyatvābhi dhānamupapadyate .. ### [2.8.51](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.51) prāpya sādhyamaprāpya vā hetoḥ prāptyāviśiṣṭatvādaprāpyāsādhakatvācca prāptyaprāptisamau .. 5. 1. 7 .. ### [2.8.52](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.52) prāptyaprāptivikalpanapūrvakamubhayatrāpi doṣāpādanaṃ prāptyaprāptisamaupratiṣedhau bhavataḥ . hetau sādhanavādinā prayukte, para āha—so'yaṃ hetuḥ prāpya vā sādhyaṃ sādhayet, aprāpya vā ? prāpya cet, dvayorlabdhasvarūpayoreva prāptirbhavatīti . kiṃ kasya sādhyam, sādhanaṃ vetyaviśeṣaḥ . aprāpya tu sādhakatvamanupapannaṃ, atiprasaṅgāt . na hyaprāpya pradīpaḥ prakāśya prakāśayediti .. ### [2.8.53](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.53) anayoruttaram— ### [2.8.54](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.54) ghaṭādiniṣpatteḥ pīḍane cābhicārādapratiṣedhaḥ .. 5. 1. 8 .. ### [2.8.55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.55) nāyaṃ pratiṣedha upapadyate, ubhayathā'pi kāraṇabhāvasya darśanāt . daṇḍacakramūtrādikārakāni prāpya mṛdaṃ ghaṭādikāryaṃ niṣpādayanti dṛśyante . abhicārakarmaṇā ca śyenādinā dūrasthasyāpi śatroḥ pāṭanaṃ saṃpādyate iti .. ### [2.8.56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.56) dṛṣṭāntasya kāraṇānapadeśāt pratyavasthānācca pratidṛṣṭāntena prasaṃgapratidṛṣṭāntasamau .. 5. 1. 9 .. ### [2.8.57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.57) atiprasaṅgāpādanena pratyavasthānaṃ prasaṅgasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . pūrvodāhṛta eva hetau—yadyapyanityatve prayatnānantarīyakatvaṃ sādhanam . prayatnānantarīyakatve idānīṃ kiṃ sādhanam ? tatsādhane kim ? iti dṛṣṭāntasya ghaṭāderanityatāyāṃ kāraṇaṃ 'na kiṃcidapadiśyate . tena tatkāraṇānveṣaṇātiprasaṅgāt prasaṅgasamo'yaṃ pratiṣedhaḥ .. ### [2.8.58](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.58) pratidṛṣṭāntena pratyavasthānaṃ pratidṛṣṭāntasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . yathā— ghaṭaḥ prayatnānantarīyakassan anityo dṛṣṭaḥ, evamākāśaṃ prayatnānantarīyaka nityaṃ dṛśyate, tadvacchabdo'pi nityaḥ syāditi . kaḥ puṇarākāśasya prayatnā nantarīyakatvaṃ vadet ? kūpakhananādinā''krāśakaraṇaṃ manvāna evaṃ brūyādapi kaścit .. ### [2.8.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.59) nanu ! evamapi vyabhicārodbhāvanametat samyaguttaram, nāsaduttaraprakāro jātiprayogaḥ—naitadevam—na hi hetoranaikāntikatvamudbhāvayannasau sādhuriva jātivādī pratyavatiṣṭhate . api tu pratidṛṣṭāntabalena nityatvameva sādhayannutthita iti jātiprayoga evāyam . hetvābhāsā api svarūpanigūhanapurassaramaparahetupratibimbavartmanā pradarśyamānā jātitāṃ pratipadyanta eva .. ### [2.8.60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.60) atra prasaṅgasamasya tāvaduttaramāha— ### [2.8.61](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.61) pradīpopādānaprasaṅgavinivṛttivattadvinivṛttiḥ .. 5-1-10 .. ### [2.8.62](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.62) asiddhaṃ hi nāma sādhyate, na siddham; tatra prayatnavaiphalyāt . sāndha kāre hi sadmani piṭharādipadārthadarśanāya pradīpamupādadate laukikāḥ, na dīpa darśanāya dīpāntaramāharantīti . antareṇāpi hi dīpāntarāṇi dṛśyata eva pradīpaḥ . evaṃ laukikaparīkṣakāṇāṃ ghaṭādau prayatnānantarīyakatvasya siddhatvāt tatra kāraṇāpadeśo niṣprayojana iti . tasmānnāyamapitaprasaṅgā pādanasya viṣayaḥ .. ### [2.8.63](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.63) atha pratidṛṣṭāntasamasyottaram— ### [2.8.64](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.64) pratidṛṣṭāntahetutve ca nāheturdṛṣṭāntaḥ .. 5-1-11 .. ### [2.8.65](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.65) pratidṛṣṭānta eva sādhakabuddhayā yadi tvayopanyastaḥ tarhi viśeṣaheturvaktavyaḥ, anena hetunā pratidṛṣṭānta eva sādhakaḥ, na dṛṣṭānta iti . na cāsau viśeṣe heturucyate . tasmānna pratidṛṣṭāntaḥ siddhiheturiti dṛṣṭānta eva—sādhako bhavati . pratidṛṣṭāntahetutve'pi sthite sati ahetu rdṛṣṭāntaḥ na hi sādhakaḥ syāt . na ca tadastītyuktam . ato nāheturdṛṣṭāntaḥ .. ### [2.8.66](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.66) atha yathā pratidṛṣṭānto na sādhakaḥ, evaṃ dṛṣṭānto'pi mā bhūdityanayā nītyā pratyavatiṣṭhate, sa hanta tarhi pratidṛṣṭāntasya tāvadahetutvaṃ svakaṇṭhena kathitamiti tasminnasādhake sati dṛṣṭānta eva sādhaka iti .. ### [2.8.67](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.67) prāgutpatteḥ kāraṇābhāvādanutpattisamaḥ .. 5. 1. 12 .. ### [2.8.68](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.68) anutpattyā pratyavasthānam—anutpattisamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . prāktana eva prayoge jātivādyāha—anitya ityutpattidharmaka ucyate . yaścotpattidharmakaḥ, tasyotpatteḥ pūrvamanutpattyā bhavitavyam . anutpanne ca śabdākhya dharmiṇi prayatnānantarīyakatvaṃ dharmaḥ kva vartatām ? alabdhapakṣavṛttiśca kathamanityatvaṃ sādhayatu . asiddhe cānityatve śabdasya balānnityatvameva bhavati kāraṇābhāvāditi . anityatvasiddhikāraṇasya prayatnānantarīyakatvasyābhāvādityarthaḥ . athavā śabdotpādakakāraṇābhāvādanutpanne śabde nirāśrayo heturiti .. ### [2.8.69](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.69) asyottaram— ### [2.8.70](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.70) tathābhāvādutpannasya kāraṇopapatteḥ na kāraṇapratiṣedhaḥ .. 5-1-13 .. ### [2.8.71](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.71) śabdākhyadharmiṇaḥ siddhasya sataḥ nityatvamanityatvaṃ vā vicāryate . tadasiddhau hi nityatvamapi kasya bhavānabhidadhīt ? utpannasya cāsya tathā bhāvo bhavati, nānutpannasya . utpannaḥ khalvayaṃ śabda iti bhavati nānutpannaḥ . prāgutpatteralabdhātmanaḥ kimucyate ? labdhasvarūpasya punaḥ anityatvakāraṇaprayatnānantarīyakatvasya sadbhāvādayukta evāyaṃ pratiṣedhaḥ .. ### [2.8.72](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.72) nityānityatvasādharmyātsaṃśathaḥ .. 5. 1. 14 .. ### [2.8.73](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.73) nitya nityasādharmyopanyāsena saṃśayāpādanapravaṇaṃ pratyavasthānaṃ saṃśayasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . anityaḥ śabdaḥ, prayatnānantarīyakatvāt ityasminneva hetau asti śabdasyānityasādharmyaṃ prayatnānantarīyakatvam, asti ca nityena sāmānyena sādharmyaṃ aindriyakatvam . ataḥ krimanityasādharmyāt prayatnānantarīyakatvāt anityaḥ śabdaḥ, uta nityasādharmyāt aindriyakatvānnityaḥ iti saṃśayaḥ—evaṃ paraḥ pratyavatiṣṭhate . na ca sādharmyasamaprayoga evāyamāśaṅkanīyaḥ, saṃśayāpādanapravaṇatvādasyeti .. ### [2.8.74](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.74) asyottaram— ### [2.8.75](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.75) sādharmyātsaṃśaye na saṃśayaḥ vaidharmyādubhayathā vā saṃśaye'tyantasaṃśayo nityatvānabhyupagamācca sāmānyasyāpratiṣedhaḥ .. 5. 1. 15 .. ### [2.8.76](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.76) sthāṇurvā puruṣo veti sthāṇupuruṣayossādharmyādūrdhvatvādeḥ saṃśayo bhavati, na tu śiraḥpāṇyādivaidharbhyāt . pratyuta tato'sau nivartate . yadi punarubhayathā'pi sādharmyādiva vaidharbhyadipi saṃśayaḥ syāt tathā satyatyantasaṃśayaḥ prāpnoti . iha cani viśeṣadarśanasthānīyamanityatvasādhanaṃ śabde prayatnānantarīyakatvamastīti nityatvaṃ sāmānyagataṃ saṃśayakāraṇamiti nābhyupagabhyate . tasmādapratiṣedho'yaṃ nityasāmānyasādharmyanibandhanasaṃśayāpādanarūpaḥ .. ### [2.8.77](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.77) ubhayasādharmyātprakriyāsiddheḥ prakaraṇasamaḥ .. 5. 1. 16 .. ### [2.8.78](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.78) pakṣapratipakṣau nirṇayalakṣaṇe vyākhyātau . tāveva prakaraṇam . prakaraṇamanativartamānaḥ prakaraṇasamaḥ pratiṣedho bhavati . pūrvasminneva prayoge nityaḥ śabdaḥ, niravayavatvāt, ākāśavat ityevaṃjātīyakaṃ pratiprayogamupanyasya svapakṣamutthāpayati jātivādī . sādharmyagrahaṇaṃ copalakṣaṇam . vaidharbhyeṇāpi pratiprayogopanyāse prakaraṇasama eva pratiṣedho bhavati . ubhayavaidharmyāt prakriyāsiddheḥ prakaraṇasama iti . mūlahetāvapi sādharmyeṇa vaidharbhyeṇa vā prayukte prayogadvayametadveditavyam .. ### [2.8.79](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.79) nanu ca ! te evaite sādharmyavaidharmyasame jātī sādharmyahetau vaidharmyahetau vā prayujyamānatvāccaturdhā sthiteiti tābhyāmeva gatatvāt nābhinavo'yaṃ jātiprayogaḥ . catasraścaitā jātaya ityekatvamapi na saṅgatam—ucyate—tatra para pakṣapratiṣedhapravaṇatayaiva pratyavasthānamudāhṛtam, iha tu pakṣasādhanacchāyayeti . ata eva prakaraṇasamo'yamucyate jātiḥ . anityapakṣavannitya pakṣe'pi pratikriyate'syāmiti . udbhāvanabhaṅgibhedācca jātinānātvam . asaṅkīrṇodāharaṇavivakṣayā caturviśatibhedatvam . vastutastu tāsāmānantyamityuktam .. ### [2.8.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.80) atrottaram— ### [2.8.81](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.81) pratipakṣātprakaraṇasiddheḥ pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ pratipakṣopapatteḥ .. 5. 1. 17 .. ### [2.8.82](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.82) nirṇayotpattyā prakaraṇaṃ paryavasitaṃ bhavati . prāṅnirṇayāt tadavasthameva . tadiha prakaraṇamutthāpayatā bhavatā ubhayasādharmyaṃ tadutthāpanakāraṇamabhihitam, ubhayasādharmyāt prakriyāsiddheriti bruvatā . ubhayasādharmye ca—maduktamapi sādharmyamastyeva, anyathā ubhayaśabdārthaḥ kaḥ ? evaṃ ca tadabhyanujñātaṃ bhavatīti tatpratiṣedho nopapadyate . pratiṣedhopapattau vā nobhayasādharmyaṃ prakaraṇakāraṇaṃ sidhyatīti . nirṇayotpattinimittaṃ ca prakaraṇoparamāya na kiṃciduktam, ubhayasādharmyābhidhānāditi .. ### [2.8.83](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.83) traikālyānupapatterhetorahetusamaḥ .. 5. 1. 18 .. ### [2.8.84](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.84) kālatrayānupapattyā hetumākṣipya kriyamāṇaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ ahetusamobhavati . hetuḥ sādhanam . sādhanaṃ ca sādhyāt pūrvaṃ paścādvā saha vā bhavet ? yadi pūrvam, asati sādhye tat kasya sādhanam ? atha paścāt sādhanaṃ, pūrvaṃ sādhyam; tadasati sādhane kasyedaṃ sādhyaṃ bhavet . pūrvasiddhe vā sādhye kiṃ sādhanena ? atha yugapat sādhyasādhane bhavataḥ, na tarhi tayoḥ savyetaragoviṣāṇayoriva sādhyasādhanabhāvo bhavet—ityevamayaṃ hetuḥ ahetorna viśiṣyate .. ### [2.8.85](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.85) asyottaram— ### [2.8.86](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.86) na hetutassādhyasiddhestraikālyāsiddhiḥ .. 5. 1. 20 .. ### [2.8.87](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.87) na traikālyāsiddhiḥ . kasmāt ? hetutaḥ sādhyasiddheḥ . utpattau tāvadayaṃ paryanuyogaḥ, pūrvasiddhena hetunā tantvādinā paścādbhāvino'sata eva kāryasya paṭādeḥ siddhirityuktatvāt . buddhisiddhaṃ tu tadasat nyā. sū. 4-1-50 iti . jñaptāvapi parihṛta eṣa doṣaḥ, upalabdhihetoḥ upalabdhiviṣayasya cārthasya pūrvāparasahabhāvāniyamāt . yathādarśanaṃ vyavasthetipramāṇaparīkṣayāmabhidhānāt . dṛśyate ca nirvartanahetunā nirvartanīyanirvṛttiḥ, upalabdhihetunā ca upalabhyasyopalambhaḥ iti . pramāṇasiddhe ca vastuni ko'yamākṣepaḥ ? ### [2.8.88](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.88) pratiṣedhe ca tulyo'yamanuyoga ityāha— ### [2.8.89](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.89) pratiṣedhānupapatteśca pratiṣeddhavyāpratiṣedhaḥ .. 5-1-20 .. ### [2.8.90](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.90) pratiṣedho'pi pratiṣedhyāt pūrvaṃ, paścāt, saha vā bhavet ? iti vikalpyamāne na pratiṣeddhavyaṃ pratiṣeddhumutsahata iti .. ### [2.8.91](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.91) arthāpattitaḥ pratipakṣasiddherarthāpattisamaḥ .. 5-1-21 .. ### [2.8.92](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.92) arthādāpadyate pratipakṣasiddhiḥ—ityevaṃ kriyamāṇaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ arthāpattisamo bhavati . pūrvasminneva prayoge—yadi ghaṭasādharmyāt prayatnānantarīya katvāt anityaḥ śabdaḥ, arthādāpadyate ākāśasādharmyānnitya iti . asti cāsya nityena sādharmyamākāśādinā dravyeṇa niravayavatvamiti . udbhāvana prakārabhedācca jātibheda ityuktam .. ### [2.8.93](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.93) asyottaram— ### [2.8.94](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.94) anuktasyārthādāpatteḥ pakṣahānerupapattiḥ .. 5. 1. 22 .. ### [2.8.95](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.95) anupapāditasādhanamanuktamapyarthādāpadyata iti vadataḥ pakṣahānirapyupapadyate . māmakānityapakṣasiddhau hi satyām, arthādāpadyate tāvakasya nityapakṣasya hāniriti .. ### [2.8.96](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.96) doṣāntaramāha— ### [2.8.97](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.97) anaikāntikatvāccārthāpatteḥ .. 5-1-23 .. ### [2.8.98](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.98) ubhayapakṣatanāneyamarthāpattiḥ, viparyayeṇāpi prayoktuṃ śakyatvāt . nityaḥ śabdaḥ, niravayavatvāt ityevamapyukte śakyaṃ vaktum, yadi nityākāśasādharmyāt niravayavatvāt nityaḥ śabdaḥ arthādāpadyate, anityaghaṭādisādharmyāt prayatnānantarīyakatvādanitya iti . na caivamapi kācidarthasiddhiḥ . na khalu vai ghanasya grāvaṇaḥ patanamityukte arthādāpadyate dravasya vāriṇaḥ patanābhāva iti .. ### [2.8.99](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.99) ekadharmopapatteḥ kvacidanupapatteḥ pratiṣedhābhāvaḥ .. 5-1-25 .. ### [2.8.100](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.100) aviśeṣopapādanena pratyavasthānaṃ—aviśeṣasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . yadi śabdaghaṭayorekadharmaḥ prayatnānantarīyakatvamastīti tayoranityatvāviśeṣa ucyate—tarhi sarvabhāvānāmaviśeṣaprasaṅgaḥ . katham ? sadbhāvopapatteḥ— sattāsaṃbandhādityarthaḥ . so'yamaviśeṣasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ .. ### [2.8.101](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.101) etasyottaram— ### [2.8.102](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.102) kvacittaddharmopapatteḥ kvacidanupapatteḥ pratiṣedhābhāvaḥ .. 5-1-25 .. ### [2.8.103](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.103) kvacidaviśeṣāpādanaheturupapadyate dharmaḥ, kvacittu nopapadyata ityevamayama pratiṣedhaḥ . śabdaghaṭayoreko dharmaḥ prayatnānantatarīyakatvamasti, yena tayordharmāntaramanityatvamaviśeṣarūpamupapādyate . na tu sarvabhāvānāmīdṛśamaviśeṣakāraṇaṃ dharmajātamasti .. ### [2.8.104](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.104) yattu sadbhāvopapatteriti, tena kiṃ dharmāntaramaviśeṣarūpaṃ sādhyeta ? anityatvameveti cet, tarhyayaṃ pratijñārtho vyavatiṣṭheta anityāḥ sarve bhāvāḥ, sattvāt iti . sa cāyamanupapannaḥ dṛṣṭāntānupapatteḥ . sarvabhāvānāṃ pakṣīkṛtatvāt dṛṣṭānto na kaścidavaśiṣyate . na ca pratijñātaikadeśa eva dṛṣṭāntīkartuṃ śakyaḥ, siddhasādhyabhedāt . sādhyaḥ pratijñāto'rtho bhavati, siddhaśca dṛṣṭāntaḥ . na ca dṛṣṭāntarahito hetuḥ svasādhyopasthāpanasāmarthyamaśnute .. ### [2.8.105](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.105) na ca saugatoktanītyā nityebhyo vyāpakānupalabdhyā sattvaṃ vyāvartita manityeṣveva pratiṣṭhāṃ labhate . yaiva vipakṣādvyāvṛttiḥ sa eva sādhyenānugama iti vaktavyam—tannīteḥ prāgeva pratikṣepāt . pratyuktaṃ hi vistarataḥ kṣaṇabhaṅgasādhanamiti .. ### [2.8.106](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.106) kiṃciddhi sattvayogi bhāvajātamanityaṃ bhavati, kiṃcinnityamiti nāyamekāntaḥ—sattvādanityāḥ sarve bhāvā iti .. ### [2.8.107](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.107) api ca sarvabhāvānāmanityatve sādhyamāne tadantargatatvācchabdasyāpyanityatvamabhyupagataṃ bhavedityevamapyayamapratiṣedhaḥ .. ### [2.8.108](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.108) ubhayakāraṇopapatterupapattisamaḥ .. 5. 1. 26 .. ### [2.8.109](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.109) ubhayakāraṇopapattyā pakṣadvayopapattivarṇanam—upapattisamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ .. ### [2.8.110](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.110) yadyanityatvakāraṇaṃ prayatnānantarīyakatvamupapadyate śabdasyeti anityaḥ śabdaḥ, nityatvakāraṇamapi niravayavatvamasyopapadyata iti nityaḥ syāt . ubhayatrāpi kāraṇopapatteḥ .. ### [2.8.111](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.111) nanu saiveyaṃ sādharmyādisamā prakaraṇasamā vā jātiḥ, na bhedāntaram— maivam—udbhāvanāprakāreṇa bhedāt . parapakṣopamardabuddhyā sādharmyādisamā jātiḥ prayujyate . pakṣāntarotthāpanāsthayā prakaraṇasamā . apratipattiparyavasāyitvāśayeneyamupapattisameti .. ### [2.8.112](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.112) atrottaram— ### [2.8.113](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.113) upapattikāraṇānujñānādapratiṣedhaḥ .. 5-1-27 .. ### [2.8.114](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.114) ubhayakāraṇopapattyā pratiṣedhamabhidadhatā pakṣadvayakāraṇopapattiḥ anujñātā bhavati . sā cedanujñātā kathamekatarapakṣapratiṣedhaḥ . ekatarapakṣapratiṣedhaścet kathamubhayakāraṇopapattiḥ . ubhayapakṣakāraṇopapattiḥ ekatarapakṣapratiṣadhaśceti vipratiṣiddham . vyāghātādeva tatapakṣapratiṣedho'vakalpata iti cet—samāno vyāghātaḥ . tena hi parapakṣavat svapakṣo'pi pratihanyata iti . na hi vyāghāta ekaṃ pakṣaṃ sādhayati, ekaṃ bādhata iti .. ### [2.8.115](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.115) nirdiṣṭakāraṇābhāve'pyupalambhādupalabdhisamaḥpratiṣedhaḥ .. ### [2.8.116](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.116) nirdiṣṭasya sādhyadharmasiddhikāraṇasyābhāve'pi sādhyadharmopalabdhyā pratyavasthānaṃ—upalabdhisamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . yadetadanityatāyāṃ śabdasya prayatnā nantarīyakatvaṃ kāraṇamupadiṣṭam, tasyābhāve'pi prabalaprabhaṃjanajavabhajyamānajaratpādapapātaprabhave'pi śabde dṛśyata evānityatvam . anyatrāpi vidyudādau vinā'pi prayatnānantarīyakatvamupalabhyata evānityateti .. ### [2.8.117](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.117) asyottaram— ### [2.8.118](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.118) kāraṇāntarādapi taddharmopapatterapratiṣedhaḥ .. 5-1-29 .. ### [2.8.119](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.119) atraitadeva tāvadvaktavyaṃ sapakṣaikadeśavṛttitvamidamasya hetorudbhāvitam . na ca sapakṣaikadeśavṛttiragamakaḥ . prayatnānantarīyakatvamanityatve pratibaddham, na punaranityaṃ prayatnānantarīyakatve . yatprayatnānantaroyakam, tadanityam iti hi vyāptiḥ, na tu yadanityam, tatprayatnānantarīyakam iti . yathā yatrāgnistatra dhūmaḥ iti na . yatra dhūmastatrāgniḥ iti .. ### [2.8.120](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.120) evaṃ prayatnānantarīyakatvamantareṇa samīraṇarayapātyamānavanaspatyādiśabde vidyudādau vā yeyamanityatopalabdhiḥ, na sā tasya hetutāmapahantīti .. ### [2.8.121](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.121) api ca prayatnānantarīyakatvamiti kāraṇādutpattiriyamabhidhīyate, na tu kāraṇaṃ niyamyate prayatna eveti . tatra pavananodanajanitataruśabdavat asatyapi prayatne, kāraṇāntaraṃ tadutpādakaṃ bhaviṣyati . kāraṇāntarajanye'pyanityatvaṃ śabde vidyudādau vā na viruddhamiti .. ### [2.8.122](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.122) kathaṃ punaridameva gamyate—prayatnādibhirasannutpādyate śabdaḥ, na punassannabhivyajyata iti—sato'nupalabdhau nimittābhāvāt . āvaraṇaṃ nimittamiti cet—na—mūlodakādiṣu mṛda iva śabde kasyacidāvaraṇasyāgrahaṇāt . tasmānna mūlovakādinā tulyaḥ śabdaḥ ityasanneva prayatnādinā kriyata iti .. ### [2.8.123](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.123) tadanupalabdheranupalambhādabhāvāsiddhau tadviparītopapatteḥ anupalabdhisamaḥ .. 5-1-30 .. ### [2.8.124](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.124) anupalabdheranupalambhopanyāsena pratyavasthānam—anupalabdhisamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . yaduktam—āvaraṇānupalambhādasatyāvaraṇe prāguccāraṇādagrahaṇādasanneva śabdaḥ prayatnenābhinirvaryatta iti—tadayuktam—āvaraṇānupabdherapyanupalambhāt tasyāścānupalambhādabhāvaḥ, anupalabdherabhāvāt upalabdhirbhavati, pratiṣedhadvayena vidhereva pratīteḥ . āvaraṇopalabdheścāvaraṇasattā siddhyatīti tatkṛtameva śabdasyāgrahaṇam, nāsattvakṛtamityabhivyaṃjakamevāsya prayatnādi kāraṇamiti .. ### [2.8.125](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.125) asyottaram— ### [2.8.126](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.126) anupalambhātmakatvādanupalabdherahetuḥ .. 5. 1. 31 .. ### [2.8.127](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.127) āvaraṇānupalabdhirnāsti, anupalabdheḥ iti yo'yaṃ heturuktaḥ, sa na hetuḥ . kutaḥ ? anupalambhasvabhāvatvādanupalabdheḥ—upalambhapratiṣedhātmakatvādityarthaḥ . astitvanāstitve hi bhāvānāṃ upalambhānupalambhābhyāmavasthāpyete—yadupalabhyate tadasti, śaśavat; yannopalabhyate tannāsti, tadviṣāṇavat . nopalabhyate ca śabdasyāvaraṇaṃ, mūlodakāderiva mṛttikā— ityanupalambhānnāstīti gamyate . anupalambho hyayamāvaraṇaviṣayaḥ, nānupalabdhiviṣayaḥ sa āvaraṇasyaiva nāstitāmavagamayati, nānupalabdheriti anupalabdherbhāvādāvaraṇameva nāstīti .. ### [2.8.128](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.128) jñānavikalpānāṃ ca bhāvābhāvasaṃvedanādadhyātmam .. 1-1-32 .. ### [2.8.129](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.129) jñānavikalpāḥ—pratītiprakārāḥ . teṣāṃ bhāvābhāvau pratiprāṇisaṃvedyau bhavataḥ . asti me jñānam ityevaṃ sarvaḥ pratyakṣānumānāgamajñānāni pramāṇaphalāni smaraṇasaṃśayādijñānāni ca pramāṇaphalānyanubhavatīti . sā ceyamāvaraṇānupalabdhiḥ upalabdhivadadhyātmaṃ saṃvedyate, nopalabhe śabdasyāvaraṇaṃ, mṛdamiva mūlodakādeḥ iti . tadevaṃ bāhyapadārthabhāvābhāvavat ānta rajñānabhāvābhāvayorapi pratyakṣatvādaparyanuyogo'yaṃ anupalabdheranupalambhādāvaraṇamasti śabdasya iti . tasmāt prāguccāraṇādasanneva śabda iti siddham .. ### [2.8.130](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.130) sādharmyāttulyadharmopapatteḥ sarvānityatvaprasaṅgādanityasamaḥ .. 5. 1. 33 .. ### [2.8.131](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.131) sarvabhāvānityatvaprasaṅgena pratyavasthānam—anityasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . anityena ghaṭena sādharmyamasti śabdasyeti yadi tasyānityatvamucyate, tarhi sarvabhāvānāmapi ghaṭena kimapi sādharmyamastīti sarva evānityāḥ syuḥ .. ### [2.8.132](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.132) aviśeṣasanaiveyaṃ jātiriti cet—na—tatra hi sattābhiyogāt sarvabhāvānāmaviśeṣa āpāditaḥ, iha tu ghaṭasādharmyādevānityatvamāpādyata iti . udbhāvanabhaṅgibhedācca jātinānātvamityasakṛduktam .. ### [2.8.133](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.133) atrottaram— ### [2.8.134](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.134) sādharmyādapyasiddheḥ pratiṣedhāsiddhiḥ pratiṣedhyasādharmyāt .. 5. 1. 34 .. ### [2.8.135](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.135) atiprasaṅgamāpādayato hyetadvivakṣitaṃ bhavati—ghaṭasādharmyādasiddhiranityatvasyeti . yadi ca ghaṭasādharmyādanityatvasyāsiddhiḥ, tarhi tāvakasyāsya pratiṣedhavākyasyāpyasiddhiḥ, pratiṣedhyavākyasādharmyāt . asti hi pratiṣedhavākyasya pratiṣedhyavākyena sādharmyaṃ pratijñādyavayavayogitvamiti .. ### [2.8.136](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.136) kiṃca— ### [2.8.137](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.137) dṛṣṭānte sādhyasādhanabhāvena pratijñātasya dharmasya hetutvāttasya cobhayathā bhāvānnaviśeṣaḥ .. 5. 1. 35 .. ### [2.8.138](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.138) na hi sādharmyamātraṃ sādhanaṃ bhavati, api tu dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇyavadhṛtasāmarbhyaṃ sādharmyaṃ vaidharmyaṃ vā . tathāvidhaṃ cet sarvabhāvānāmasti, bhavatu teṣāmapyanityatvam, ko dveṣaḥ ? nāsti cet, ko'yamatiprasaṅgaḥ . na hi dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇi prajñātasāmarthyaṃ sādharmyamubhayathā bhavati—pakṣāntaraṃ spṛśati . tena sādharmyaviśeṣasya hetutvāt tasya ca sarvatrāsaṃbhavāt na sarvānityatvam . aviśeṣasamāyāṃ ca jātau yatsamādhānamuktaṃ, tadihāpi vaktavyamiti .. ### [2.8.139](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.139) nityamanityabhāvādanitye nityatvopapatternisyasamaḥ .. 5-1-36 .. ### [2.8.140](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.140) anityavākhyasādhyadharmasvarūpavikalpanena śabdanityavāpādanaṃ nityasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . anityaḥ śabdaḥ iti pratijñāte hi jātivādī vikalpayati—kimidamanityatvaṃ śabdasya nityam, athānityam iti . yadi tāvadanityam, tatha kadācit pracyaveta . tatpracyuteḥ nityaḥ śabdaḥ . atha nityamanityatvam 'tarhi dharmasya nityatvāt, tasya ca nirādhārasyānupapatteḥ tadāśrayasya śabdasyāpi nityatvam . anityatve hi, śabde vināṣṭe tadādhāro dharmaḥ kva varteteti .. ### [2.8.141](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.141) asyottaram— ### [2.8.142](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.142) pratiṣedhye nityamanityabhāvāt anityatvopapatteḥ pratiṣedhābhāvaḥ .. 5-1-37 .. ### [2.8.143](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.143) pratiṣedhye śabde nityamanityatvasya bhāvaśceducyate, tadanitya evāsāvukto bhavati . anityatvopapatteśca tatpratiṣedho nopapadyate . nityamanityatvaṃ śabdasya iti ca bravīṣi, nityatāṃ ca tadyogādasyopapādayasīti mahānayamāyuṣmato bhramaḥ .. ### [2.8.144](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.144) atha niradhikaraṇo dharmaḥ kathaṃ syāditi—taducyate—anityatvaṃ hi nāma nirodhaḥ, pradhvaṃsaḥ, abhāvaḥ ityanarthāntaram . anityatvādabhāva iti tu vyavahāramātram . sā ceyamanityatā śabdāvacchinnā na, śabdādhikaraṇā . na ghaṭābhāvaḥ ghaṭāśrito bhavitumarhati . bhāvasvabhāvā hi dharmāḥ dharmāśritā bhavanti, nābhāvaḥ . abhāvastvāśrito'pi na pratiyogyāśrito bhavati kintvarthāntaravṛttiḥ bhūpradeśa iva ghaṭābhāva iti .. ### [2.8.145](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.145) nityānityatvavirodhācca—nityatvamanityatvaṃ caikatra dharmiṇi virudhyete . tat kathamabhidhīyate nityamanityatvasya bhāvānnityaḥ śabda iti .. ### [2.8.146](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.146) prayatnakāryānekatvātkāryasamaḥ .. 5-1-38 .. ### [2.8.147](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.147) prayatnakāryanānātvopanyāsena pratyavasthānaṃ kāryasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ . anityaḥ śabdaḥ, prayatnānantarīyakatvāt ityukte, apara āha— prayatnasya hi kāryadvaidhamupalabdham, kiṃcidasadeva prayatnena nirvartyate, yathā ghaṭādi . kiṃcit sadevāvaraṇavyapanayanādinā prayatnenābhivyajyate—yathā mṛdantaritamudakādi . evaṃ prayatnakāryanānātvāt kiṃ prayatnenāvidyamānaḥ śabdo nirvartyate dhaṭavat; uta vidyamāna evābhivyajyate mṛdantaritasalilavaditi saṃśayaḥ .. ### [2.8.148](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.148) na ceyaṃ saṃśayasamā jātiḥ, hetvarthavikalpanenātra pratyavasthānāt . tatra hi niravayavatvādyākāśadharmopanyāsena saṃśaya āpāditaḥ; iha tu sādhanavādyuktaprayatnānantarīyakatvahetvarthanirūpaṇeneti . udbhāvanāprakārabhedaśca jātīnāṃ vaicitryakāraṇamityuktameva .. ### [2.8.149](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.149) atrottaram— ### [2.8.150](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.150) kāryānyatve prayatnāhetutvamanupalabdhikāraṇānupapatteḥ .. 5-1-39 .. ### [2.8.151](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.151) yadyapi prayatnakāryānyatvamupalabhyate; tathāpi prakṛte śabde prayatnasyābhivyaktāvahetutvam . na prayatnataḥ śabdamabhivyanakti, kintvabhūtaprādurbhāvameva vidhatte . kasmāt ? anupalabdhikāraṇānupapatteḥ . yatra hi sataḥ padārthasya pratyatno'bhivyaktihetuḥ, tatra tasya sataḥ salilāderanupalabdhikāraṇamasti mṛdādivyavadhānam . tadapohamācaratā prayatnena tadabhivyaktiḥ saṃpādyate . śabdasya tu na kiṃcidanupalabdhinibandhanaṃ vyavadhānādi saṃbhavatīti varṇitam . atastasyāsata evātmalābhanimittamuccāraṇādiprayatnaḥ na sato'bhivyaktinimittam . tasmādanityaḥ śabda iti siddham .. ### [2.8.152](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.152) tadevamanena caturviśatividhajātyudāharaṇapratisamādhānopadeśavartmanā śabdānityatvasādhake parakīyamupālambhajātamevaṃprāyamakhilamapākṛtam, āmrasekapitṛtarpaṇanyāyena bhavati bhagavatā sūtrakāreṇa .. ### [2.8.153](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.153) idamaparamidānīmupadiśyate caturviśatāvapi jātivādinā prayuktāsu mūlasādhanavādī—vispaṣṭānumānodantaparīkṣaṇapurassaraṃ sadevottaraṃ yathopadiṣṭamabhidadhīta; na tu jātiprayogānukāriduruttarālāpacāpalena ṣaṭpakṣīṃ pravartayet . tasyāṃ hi prastutāyāṃ ubhayorapi vādiprativādinorasiddhiḥ asadvācitvāt . kathaṃ punaḥ ṣaṭpakṣī pravartata iti—tatpathaṃ darśayitumāha— ### [2.8.154](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.154) pratiṣedhe hi samāno doṣaḥ .. 5. 1. 40 .. ### [2.8.155](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.155) sthāpanāhetuvādinā prathamapakṣasthena sthāpanāhetuḥ prayuktaḥ, anityaḥ śabdaḥ, prayatnānantarīyakatvāt iti .. ### [2.8.156](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.156) tato jātivādī dvitīyapakṣasthaḥ prayatnakāryānekatvāt iti prayatnā nantarīyakatvaṃ abhivyaṅgye'pi śabde bhavati iti hetoranaikāntikatvamāha .. ### [2.8.157](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.157) tadadhunā tṛtīyapakṣasthaḥ sthāpanāhetuvādī yadi yathopadiṣṭamāvaraṇānupalabdhikramamanusṛtya viśeṣamupadarśayan anaikāntikatāmuddharati, tatastāvatyeva paryavasyati kathā—iti caturthādipakṣāvasaravirahāt nāvataratyeva ṣaṭpakṣī .. ### [2.8.158](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.158) yadi tu taṃ kramamapahāyaiva tṛtīyapakṣastho'sau vadati—'hetoścedanaikānti katvamudbhāvayasi, anaikāntikatvādasādhakaḥ syāditi—nanvayaṃ tāvakaḥ pratiṣedho'pyanaikāntikaḥ—kiṃcitpratiṣedhati, kiṃcinneti—hetossādhakatvaṃ pratiṣedhati, na svarūpamiti . ata evetthaṃ pratiṣedhasyānaikāntikatvāt so'pi hi nābhivyaktipakṣameva sādhayet, utpattipakṣe'pi prayatnasāphalyopapatteḥ . ubhayatrāpi ca viśeṣahetoranapadeśāt . evamanaikāntikatvamabhihitavati sādhanavādini, bhavati pratiṣaidhavādino'pi vacanāvasara iti avatarati ṣaṭpakṣī .. ### [2.8.159](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.159) sa hi caturthapakṣastha eva vadati— ### [2.8.160](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.160) pratiṣedhavipratiṣedhe tatpratiṣedhadoṣavaddoṣaḥ .. 5-1-41 .. ### [2.8.161](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.161) vividhaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ—vipratiṣedha ihocyate, na vyādhātaḥ, prakṛtasaṅgaterabhāvāt . yo'yaṃ pratiṣedhe'pi samāno'naikāntikatvadoṣa ucyate, sa pratiṣedhapratiṣedhe'pi bhavatprayukte samānaḥ, so'pi hi pūrvavadanaikāntika eveti tataḥ paṃcamaṃ pakṣamabalambya mūlasādhanavādī matānujñāmudbhāvayati .. ### [2.8.162](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.162) sā ca— ### [2.8.163](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.163) pratiṣedhaṃ sadoṣamabhyupetya pratiṣedhavipratiṣedhe samānadoṣaprasaṃgo matānujñā .. 5-1-42 .. ### [2.8.164](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.164) pratiṣedhe'pi samāno doṣa iti samudbhāvitaṃ doṣamanuddhṛtya taṃ pratiṣedhaṃ sadoṣamabhyupetya madukte pratiṣedhavipratiṣedhe—samānadoṣaprasaṅgamāpādayataste matānujñā nigrahasthānaṃ bhavati . coro bhavān ityukte'bhiyuktena cauryamātmano nirākaraṇīyam, na tu bhavānapi coraḥ iti paraḥ pratipattavyaḥ —iti .. ### [2.8.165](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.165) evaṃ paṃcamapakṣasthe mūlasādhanavādini kathitavati, paraḥ ṣaṣṭhaṃ pakṣamāsthāya punarabhidhatte—yadi svapakṣadoṣānuddharaṇapurassaraparapakṣadoṣāpādanopanatamatānujñānigrahasthānapātramahamādiśye, hanta tarhi tavāpi tadeva nigraha sthānamavatarati, tvamapyevamakārṣīḥ . tathā hi dvitīyapakṣasthena mayā prayatnakāryānekatvāt iti yadanaikāntikatvamudbhāvitam, tadanuddhṛtyaiva pratiṣedhe'pi samāno doṣaḥ iti mayyeva pratīpamāpāditam . tadevaṃ tvatta eva śikṣitvā'hamapi caturthapakṣasthaḥ tathaiva tvayi doṣamarpitavāniti, mama cenmatānujñā, prathamataraṃ tavāsau bhavediti .. ### [2.8.166](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.166) tadetadāha— ### [2.8.167](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.167) svapakṣalakṣaṇāpekṣopapattyupasaṃhārahetunirdeśe parapakṣadoṣābhyupagamātsamāno doṣaḥ .. 5-1-43 .. ### [2.8.168](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.168) svapakṣaḥ mūlasādhanavādyuktaḥ—prayatnānantarīyakatvādanityaḥ śabdaḥ iti . tallakṣaṇaḥ—tatsamutthānaḥ, tadviṣayaḥ prayatnakāryānekatvāt iti pratiṣedhaḥ . tamapekṣamāṇaḥ, tamanuddhṛtya—anujñāya pravṛttaḥ pratiṣedhe'pi samāno doṣaḥ ityupapadyamānaḥ, parapakṣe'naikāntikatvadoṣopasaṃhāraḥ . tasya ca hetunirdeśa ityayamanaikāntikaḥ pratiṣedha iti, tasmin sati parapakṣakathitānai kāntikatvadoṣābhyupagamāt, tadanuddharaṇena tasyaiva pratīpadoṣodbhāvanāt samāno matānujñādoṣa iti ṣaṣṭhaḥ pakṣaḥ .. ### [2.8.169](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.169) seyaṃ ṣaṭpakṣī . tasyāṃ prathamatṛtīyapaṃcamāḥ . sthāpanāhetuvādinaḥ pakṣāḥ . dvitīyavaturthaṣaṣṭhāḥ pratiṣedhavādinaḥ ete ca sādhyasādhakatayā parīkṣyamāṇāḥ paunaruktyamatānujñādidoṣāpahatatvāt anyatarasyāpi vādinaḥ sādhyasiddhaye na prakalpante .. ### [2.8.170](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.170) tathā hi—caturthaṣaṣṭhayoḥ pakṣayoḥ arthāviśeṣātpunaruktadoṣaprasaṅgaḥ . caturthe pakṣe parasya samānadoṣatvamucyate . ṣaṣṭhe'pi tathaiva samānaḥ . tṛtīya paṃcamayostṛtīye pakṣe parokṣaṃ samānadoṣatvamabhyupagamyate . paṃcame'pi matānujñāmudbhāvayatā tadaṅgīkṛtameva bhavati . tṛtīyacaturthayośca paroktadoṣā nuddharaṇāttu matānujñetyaivaṃ ṣaṭpakṣyāmubhayorasiddhiḥ . tasmāt saduttaraireva doṣacikitsā sādhīyasī, nāsaduttaraiḥ, ṣaṭpakṣīprasaṅgāditi .. ### [2.8.171](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.171) nanu ! asaduttarakathane'pi kathaṃ ṣaṭpakṣyāmeva virāmaḥ ? śatapakṣī sahasrapakṣī vā kathaṃ na pravartate ? ko'tra niyamaḥ ? iti cet—ucyate— iyatyeva nivartate vacanāvakāśa iti nānantapakṣatā saṃbhavati . tathā hi— pūrvottarapakṣavādinau tāvat sādhanadūṣaṇavādinau bhavata eva, ko'tra vicāraḥ . tatra sthāpanāhetuvādinā tāvat prathamaṃ svapakṣasādhane'bhihite, dūṣaṇavādinā ca tatra dūṣaṇe varṇite, tṛtīye vacasi vartamānaḥ sādhanavādī samyaṅnītyopakramamāṇaḥ taddūṣaṇamuddhartuṃ śaknuyānna veti tasyāmeva daśāyāṃ prāṅvivākāyatto nirṇayaḥ .. ### [2.8.172](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.172) asaduttaropanyāse tu tṛtīyavacasā tena kṛte dūṣaṇavādyapi labdhāvakāśaḥ, tata eva śikṣitvā caturthe vacasi vartamānaḥ tatpratīpaṃ yojayati . tataḥ sthāpanāhetuvādī pratīpayojanāyāmaphalāyāṃ duruttarāyāṃ samavyayaphalāyāṃ aśakyakriyāyāṃ ca nirudyogaḥ kiṃcidabhinavaṃ dūṣaṇamutprekṣya paṃcame vacasi sthito matānujñāmāha .. ### [2.8.173](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.173) tatastāmapi parapakṣamanativartamānāṃ paśyan pratiṣedhavādī ṣaṣṭhe vacasi sthitvā tāṃ tatpakṣa eva yojayati—ityevaṃ vṛtte dūṣaṇāntarāsaṃbhavāt, pratīpayojane ca bhagnarasatvāt tūṣṇīmevāsitumucitamiti tāvatyeva bhavati vacanaviratiḥ, na śatasahasrādipakṣaprasaṅgaḥ pravartata ityataḥ ṣaṭpakṣīmeva darśitavānācāryaḥ . sa cāntevāsinaṃ bodhayitumevamupā diśadanena pathā pravarteta bhavān, anyena mā pravartiṣṭeti .. ### [2.8.174](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.174) vācyamuttaramato niravadyaṃ jātivādinamapi prati tajjñaiḥ . kaśmalottaragirā na tu kāryā pakṣaṣaṭkaparikalpanagoṣṭhī .. ### [2.8.175](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.175) yādṛgyajño balirapi tathetyevamādāya buddhau yastu brūyātkaluṣamaphalastasya śuddho'pi hetuḥ . ṣaṭpakṣādiprasaraṇaparimlānakāntirna buddhiṃ śaktaḥ svārthe janayitumasāvagrataḥ prāśnikānām .. ### [2.8.176](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.176) itīdaṃ vyākhyātaṃ nijasaraṇisāṅkaryarahitaṃ svarūpaṃ jātīnāṃ sphuṭamiha caturviśatividham . amūṣāṃ tattvajñaḥ paraviracitānāṃ parihṛtau svayaṃ copanyāse na hi sadasi saṃmuhyati naraḥ .. ### [2.8.177](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.177) —iti jātiparīkṣā— ### [2.8.178](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.178) jātyanantaraṃ nigrahasthānoddeśāt tallakṣaṇapratipādanārthamāha— ### [2.8.179](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.179) vipratipattirapratipattiśca nigrahasthānam .. 1. 2. 60 .. ### [2.8.180](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.180) nigrahaḥ—parājayaḥ, tasya sthānam—āśrayaḥ, kāraṇamityarthaḥ . kiṃca parājayanimittaṃ vipratipattiḥ, apratipattiśca . viparītā—kutsitā garhaṇīyā pratipattiḥ—vipratipattiḥ—sādhanābhāse sādhanabuddhiḥ, dūṣaṇābhāse dūṣaṇabuddhiḥ . apratipattistu ārambhaviṣaye'nārambhaḥ . ārambhasya viṣayaḥ— sādhane dūṣaṇaṃ, dūṣaṇe coddhāraḥ . tayorakaraṇaṃ—apratipattiḥ .. ### [2.8.181](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.181) dvidhā hi vādo parājīyate—yathākartavyamanārabhamāṇaḥ, viparītaṃ vā pratipādyamānaḥ . ata eva na karmakaraṇayornigrahamādiśanti . na hi tābhyāṃ kiṃcidaparāddham, svaviṣaye prayujyamānayoḥ sāmarthyānapāyāt . kartā tu pramādyan aprayojyaṃ prayuṃjānaḥ, prayojyamaprayuṃjāno vā nigrahamarhati . prāyeṇa cātattvavādino nigṛhyā bhavanti .. ### [2.8.182](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.182) tattvavādyapi kadācana jalpe vitaṇḍāyāṃ vā samyaksādhanamapyapadiśya prativādipratipāditadūṣaṇābhāsanirākaraṇasaraṇimanuguṇāmapaśyan nigṛhyata eva . ata eva ca—bhāṣyakṛtoktam—tattvavādinamatattvavādinaṃ cābhiplavante nigrahasthānāni nyā-bhā-5-2-1 iti . asamāsakaraṇamaneka nigrahasthānabhedāvarodhārtham .. ### [2.8.183](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.183) ata evānantaramāha— ### [2.8.184](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.184) tadvikalpājjātinigrahasthānabahutvam .. 1-2-61 .. ### [2.8.185](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.185) taditi sādharmyavaidharmyābhyāṃ pratyavasthānasya, vipratipattyapratipattyośca parāmarśaḥ . nānākalpo vikalpaḥ—prakārabheda ityarthaḥ . sādharmya vaidharmyābhyāṃ pratyavasthānaprakārasya bahutvāt jātibahutvam . tadvyākhyātam . vipratipattyapratipattiprakārabahutvānnigrahasthānabahutvam .. ### [2.8.186](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.186) taddvāviṃśatidhā vibhajya daśaṃyati— ### [2.8.187](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.187) pratijñāhāniḥ pratijñāntaraṃ pratijñāvirodhaḥ pratijñāsannyāsaḥ hetvantaramarthāntaraṃ nirarthakamavijñātārthakamapārthakamaprāptakālaṃ nyūnamadhikaṃ punaruktamananubhāṣaṇamajñānamapratibhā vikṣepo matānujñā paryanuyojyopekṣaṇaṃ niranuyojyānuyogo'pasiddhānto hetvābhāsāśca nigrahasthānāni .. 5-2-1 .. ### [2.8.188](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.188) atra ananubhāṣaṇam, ajñānam, apratibhā, vikṣepaḥ, paryanuyojyopekṣaṇam —iti apratipattyā saṅgṛhītāni; śeṣāṇi vipratipattyā . punaruktam, adhikam ityasamāsakaraṇena vipratipattyaiva vābhimatam . kimasamāsakliṣṭakalpanayā . sā'pi hi kutsitaiva pratipattiḥ, yat punaruktam, adhikaṃ vā prayujyata iti . asaṅkīrṇodāharaṇavivakṣayā ca dvāviṃśatibhedasaṅkīrtanam . avāntarabhedaistu jātivadānantyameva teṣāmiti .. ### [2.8.189](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.189) atra kīrtirāha—dvāviṃśatidhā nigrahasthānāni vibhajyante . teṣāṃ ca pratipadamidānīṃ viśeṣalakṣaṇāni varṇyanta iti na mṛṣyāmahe . kutaḥ— ### [2.8.190](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.190) asādhanāṅgavacanam adoṣodbhāvanaṃ dvayoḥ . nigrahasthānamanyattu na yuktamiti neṣyate .. ### [2.8.191](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.191) vādinā siṣādhayiṣitapakṣasiddhaye sādhanamabhidheyam . sa cedasādhanāṅgaṃ brūyāt, nigṛhyeta . prativādinā'pi vādyukte sādhane dūṣaṇamudbhāvanīyam . sa cedadoṣameva doṣatvenodbhāvayet, nigṛhyeta . te eva dvayorvādiprativādinornigrahasthāne . ato'nyathā nigrahakaraṇamanyāyyameva . pratijñāhānyādiṣu tatprabhedeṣu ca pratipadamayuktatāṃ darśayiṣyate . katicchātraśiśupralāpaprāyāṇi nigrahasthānāni nirdiṣṭāni . tādṛṃśi śāstre lakṣyanta iti paramamapratiṣṭhānam .. ### [2.8.192](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.192) atrocyate—saṃkṣepavivakṣayā dve eva nigrahasthāne iti vayamapi kiṃ noktavantaḥ—vipratipattirapratipattiśca nigrahasthānam iti . etacca sāmānyalakṣaṇamakhilabhedasaṅgrahakṣamaṃ bhavati, na bhavaduktam .. ### [2.8.193](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.193) tathā hi—uttarāpratibhānena vādinoranyataraḥ parājīyate, na vā ? na parājīyata iti kathamucyate ? tatkiṃ mūka eva jitvā gacchatu . nigṛhyate cet, kimanenāparāddham, nādoṣa udbhāvitaḥ .. ### [2.8.194](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.194) atha prasajyapratiṣedhenodbhāvanābhāva eva vyākhyāyate, tarhi dūṣaṇābhāsodbhāvanamanumataṃ syāt . atha doṣānudbhāvanamādau vyākhyāya, punaradoṣodbhāvanam āvṛttya paryudāsena varṇyate, hanta tarhi te evaite vipratipattyapratipattī ukte syātām . doṣānudbhāvanamapratipattiḥ, viparītadoṣodbhāvanaṃ vipratipattiḥ .. ### [2.8.195](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.195) evamasādhanāṅgavacanamapi vikalpanīyam . prasajyapratiṣedhavṛttya . sādhanāṅgasyāvacanaṃ cet—seyamapratipattiḥ . paryudāsavṛttyā sādhanāṅgā danyaccet vacanaṃ, seyaṃ vipratipattiḥ . ataḥ śabdāntareṇākṣapādapādebhya eva śikṣitvā, tadeva nigrahasthānadvayamanena ślokadvayena nibaddham, na punarabhinavamalpamapi kiṃcidutprekṣitamiti .. ### [2.8.196](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.196) na ca yathāsaṃkhyaniyamena dvayordve nigrahasthāne varṇanīye, api tu yathā saṃbhavamubhayorapi yathāvasaraṃ tattannigrahasthānamādeṣṭavyam . dvāviṃśatibhedatvaṃ ca nigrahasthānānāmasaṅkīrṇodāharaṇavivakṣayā kathyate, na niyamāyetyuktameva . parasparavisadṛśaṃ ca lakṣaṇameṣāṃ idānīmupadiśyata eva . tatraiva cāyuktatvameṣām, bāliśapralāpakalpatvaṃ vā parākriyata evetyalamatiprasaṅgena .. ### [2.8.197](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.197) evaṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ vibhāgaṃ cābhidhāya viśeṣalakṣaṇānyāha— ### [2.8.198](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.198) pratidṛṣṭāntadharmānujñā svadṛṣṭānte pratijñāhāniḥ .. 5. 2. 2 .. ### [2.8.199](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.199) pratijñāsiddhaye vādinā sādhane'bhihite, tatra prativādinā ca dūṣaṇe udbhāvite, tṛtīye vacasi tu vartamāno vādī yadi pratidṛṣṭāntadharmaṃ svadṛṣṭānte'nujānāti, tadasya pratijñā hīyata iti pratijñāhānirnāma nigrahasthānaṃ bhavati .. ### [2.8.200](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.200) tadyathā—anityaḥ śabdaḥ, aindriyakatvāt, ghaṭavat ityukte, para āha—sāmānyamaindriyakamapi nityaṃ dṛṣṭamityanaikāntiko hetuḥ iti .. _First 200 of 381 passages. [Read on](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8)_ ## Commentaries (1) - [Nyāyamañjarīgranthibhaṅga](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari!granthibhanga.70.p4) — Cakradhara, Sanskrit ## Linked texts (14) - [Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.462.3) — Sanskrit - [Nyāyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra.5.1.1) — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit - [Vādanyāya (ed. M. T. Much, Wien 1991 (input by Motoi Ono))](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.darsana.pramana.vadanyaya*much.2.2.2913) — Sanskrit - [Vādanyāya (ed. P P Gokhale)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.darsana.pramana.vadanyaya*gokhale.320) — Sanskrit - [Tattvasaṅgraha (ed. Krishnamacharya)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.darsana.pramana.tattvasamgraha*krishnamacharya.2.2.157.1) — Sanskrit - [Kāśikā after the Trivandrum edition (provided by H. Krasser)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.mimamsasutra!sabara!slokavarttika!kasika*trivandrum.349.101) — Sanskrit - [Śrībhāṣya (complete text)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.vedanta.brahmasutra!ramanuja*complete.12.4-132) — Sanskrit - [Nayamayūkhamālikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.visistadvaita.nayamayukhamalika.3.13.50) — Sanskrit - [Nyāyapariśiṣṭa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayaparisista.1.p112) — Udayana, Sanskrit - [Nyāyakalikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayakalika.1.17) — Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Nyāyasāra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayasara.2.p46) — Bhāsarvajña, Sanskrit - [Tārkikarakṣā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.tarkikaraksa.2.13) — Varadarāja, Sanskrit - [Ṣaḍdarśanasamuccaya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.all.saddarsanasamuccaya.3.32) — Haribhadra Sūri, Sanskrit - [Utpādasiddhi](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.anuyoga.phil.nyaya.pramana.utpadasiddhi.11.1.11) — Candrasena, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8) · Pramāṇa