Nyayasutra 11
Nyāyasūtroddhāra 11
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 11.23 — 4 parts
11.1
ātmabhramaviṣayīkṛtāḥ śarīrādaya eva doṣanimittānīti, teṣāmeva tattvajñānādātmabhedādhyavasāyādahaṅkārasya dehādiṣvātmabhramasya savāsanasya saṃsārabījasya nivṛttiriti tadanukūlatayā pramāṇāditattvadhīririti |
tathā ca śarīrāditvena prameyāṇāṃ tadanukūlānāṃ ca pramāṇādīnāṃ prātisvikena rūpeṇa tattvadhīrapavargāyeti na yathoktavikalpāvakāśa ityarthaḥ |
evañca svabhedena śarīrādīnyadhyavasya teṣu na snihyati pratyuta duḥkhānubandhīnyetānīti bhāvayan dvitīyasūtrokta [1|
2] krameṇa pavṛjyata iti bhāvaḥ |
4|
nanu prayatamānasyāpi manaścāñcalyānna samādhirataḥ prasaṃkhyānānupūrvīkathanāya sūtram-
11.2
saṅkalpakṛtā mithyājñānaviṣayīkṛtā rūpādayaḥ rañjanīya kopanīyaviṣa[yā] doṣanimittaṃ rāgādihetavaḥ | sundarīyamiti hi mithyādhyavasyan rajyati, śatrurayamiti dveṣṭi | ataḥ prathamaṃ rūpādaya eva heyatayā bhāvyāstato dehādaya ātmabhinnatayā heyatvena bhāvyā iti krameṇa niścalasamādhirityarthaḥ |
4|
nanu mṛgākṣīyāmetyādestattvajñānānmithyājñānanivṛttāvapi rāgāditādavasthyamityata āha-
3] iti sūtreṇa smārita mavayavinaṃ saugatā na sahanta iti prāsaṅgikamavayaviprakaraṇam | yadyapi dvitīye'vayavī vyavasthāpita eva tathāpi svayuktyidārvyena sautrāntika vaibhāṣikayorābhyāmavayavini nirākṛte paramāṇū nirākariṣyāmī tyayatanādeva vijñānādvaitasiddhirityabhimānād yogācārasya ca pratyavasthānam | tatra vicārānukūlasaṃśayapradarśanāya sūtram-
14 15| sūtradvayārthasya prakṛtasyaiva niravayavaparamāṇorākṣepāt | tatra mūrtatvaṃ niravayavavṛtti na vetyādi vipratipattau yogācāra āha-
18] iti sūtreṇāṇudravyatathasyoktaprāyatvāt | tatra vastutvaṃ jñānatvavyāpyaṃ na veti vipratipattau yogācāra āha-
1] rityuktam |
37-38|
11.3
tu yataḥ, avayavyabhimānaḥ upādeyatvenāvayavijñānaṃ, tannimittaṃ rāgādijanakaṃ sudatīyamityādinimittasaṃjñāṃ mṛgākṣīyamityādyanuvyañjana saṃjñāṃ copāsīnasya rāgādi vivardhate | tathā hibālā śāradaśarvarīparivṛḍhaspardhiprasannānanā khelatkhañjanalocanā madhusudhānisyandidantacchadā | nissīmstanagaṇḍaśailayugalavyāluptavakṣaḥsthalā yūnāmutsavamātanotu vacanavyāpārapāraṅgamam || etau caturdaśasu vā bhuvaneṣu haimau rājyābhiṣekakalaśau kusumāyudhasya | vaidūryamaṇḍitamukhau nacanīrajākṣivakṣoruhau manasi sampadamārabhete || iti hi mūḍhā rajyantaḥ prāhuḥ |
• iyañca śubhasaṃjñā māṃsāsthiśoṣitapūyoccārādisamāhāro naraka miva strītyaśubhasaṃjñābhāvanena nivartyate | tathā ca saṃsārarūpaphalavadaniṣṭasādhanatvenānupādeyāyāmeva yoṣiti mṛgākṣītyupādeyatvajñānaṃ bhrama eveti na doṣa ityarthaḥ |
tathā ca prathamasūtreṇātmanaḥ śarīrādibhedādhyavasāyastattvajñānamiti svarūpamuktam | dvitīyenotpattiprakāra uktaḥ | tṛtīyena śarīrādayastadviṣayāḥ saṃsārahetava iti | ta eva tattvadhīviṣayā mokṣahetava iti vadatā tadviṣaya ukta ityavadheyam |
[ avayaviprakaraṇaṃ prāsaṅgikam ]
tannimittaṃ tvavayavyabhimāna [4|
11.4
upalabdhividyānupalabdhiravidyā | tayordvaividhyaṃ vidyamānā vidyamānaviṣayatā | tathā hi sadupalabhyate yathā taḍāgatoyam | asadupalabhyate yathā marumarīcikāyāmudakam | sannopalabhyate yathā nikhātanidhyādi | asannopalabhyate yathāśve śṛṅgam | tadevamupalabhyamānatve' nupalabhyamānatve ca sattvāsattvasandehaḥ |
yadvā vidyā tattvadhīḥ, avidyā bhramaḥ | evaṃ rūpaṃ yad dvaividhyaṃ tasmāt dhiyāṃ dvairūpyaṃ dṛṣṭamiti dhītvādavayavidhīrapi vidyā'vidyāveti saṃśayaḥ |
yadyapyavayavidharmikaḥ saṃśayo na yuktaḥ siddhdyasiddhibyāghātāt | tathāpi mūrtatvaṃ paramāṇutvavyāpyaṃ na veti prathamavyākhyāne paryavasitaḥ | atra saṃśayāt pūrvapakṣo viparītāvadhāraṇād vā ? ādya āha-
2 32|
11.5
dvitīyādhyāyoktahetunā prakarṣeṇa sādhitatvāt viśeṣadarśanādavayavini na saṃśaya ityarthaḥ |
dvitīyamāśritya pūrvapakṣyāha-
11.6
apiravadhāraṇe, pratibodhābhiprāyeṇa samuccaye vā vṛttyanupapattervyatirekāvadhāraṇādevāsaṃśayaḥ | tathā hi avayavī avayaveṣu kātsnyena vartate ekadeśena vā | nādyaḥ paramāṇuvaiṣamyāt | anye'pi tenaivānyena vā ? nādyaḥ svavṛttivirodhāt | nāntyo'vayavasyāvayavāntarāvṛttitvā dityarthaḥ |
na kātsnyaikadeśābhyāṃ kintu svarūpeṇāvayavī vartate ityāśaṅkya pūrvapakṣyāha-
anekasyāśeṣatā kārtsnyaṃ | nānābhūtānāṃ kiñcittvamekadeśatvam | etacca bhedaniyatam | na cāvayavī bhinna ekatvādata ekasminnavayavini bhedābhāvād bhedaśabdaprayogaḥ kārtsnyaikadeśavikalparūpo nopapannaḥ | tataśca vṛttipraśno'yukto'vayavyasiddhirāśrayāsiddhiścetyarthaḥ |
itaśca vṛttivikalpo na yukta ityāha-
karmavyāpāratvaṃ mithyājñānadhvaṃse sādhye kevalasyaiva tattvajñānasya sāmarthyāvadhāraṇāt | na yogyatayā tatkalpanāt | yamaniyamāderapavargaṃ yattattvajñānamapi prati kāraṇatvaśravaṇādekamūlakatayā tattvajñānasya vyāpāratvaparyavasānācceti |
evañcopanītamātrakartavyaiḥ sandhyāvandanādikarmabhistattvajñānotpattipratibandhakādharme dhvaṃsite sattve śuddhe'ṣṭāṅgayogābhyāsabhuvā dharmeṇotpāditaṃ sātkāri sthiraṃ tattvajñānamavidyādyucchedakrameṇa mokṣaṃ janayati |
tathā hyāgamaśca—kaṣāyapaktiḥ karmāṇi jñānantu paramā gatiḥ | kaṣāye karmabhiḥ pakve tato jñānaṃ pravartate ||
iti kaṣāyapaktiḥ duritadhvaṃsaheturata ubhayasādhyāsattvaśuddhirityapare |
kalpe duritadhvaṃsato laghutvādubhayānukūlamapūrvamevetītare | teṣā mupāyānāmanuṣṭhāne tadasākṣātkārotpattāvavasara ityata āha—
11.7
caḥ samuccaye | avayavyabhāva iti vartate | avayavebhyaḥ pṛthagapyavayavyabhāvaḥ, kutaḥ ? avṛtteḥ | na hyavayavī avṛttirbhavati nityatvaprasaṅgādityarthaḥ |
na hyātyantabhede gavāśvayoriva, nāpyatyantābhede ghaṭasyeva dharma dharmibhāva ityavayavabhinnābhinnaṃ taddharmamātramavayavīti vṛttireva na, kva vikalpa iti vādinaṃ prati pūrvapakṣyāha-
11.8
avayavāśca nāvayavī abhede matvarthīyārthāsambhavāt | na ca bhedābhedo virodhādityarthaḥ |
siddhāntyāha-
11.10
avayavī ekadeśena svāvayavena vartata iti sādhye avayavāntarābhāvādityahetuḥ| kutaḥ ? avayavāntarabhāve'pyavṛtteḥ | avayavāntarasaṃbhave'pi tasyaiva paraṃ vṛttirāyāti, na tu tadavacchedenāvayavino'pi | nāgṛhītaviśeṣaṇānyāyāt | tathā cāvayavāntarasya sambhave'sambhave ca naikadeśenāvayavivṛttirityavayavāntarābhāvādityasamarthamiti vyāpyatvāsiddho heturityarthaḥ | nanu kārtsnyaikadeśābhyāṃ mā vartatāṃ kathaṃ punarvartata iti cet ? svarūpeṇaiva | tantuṣu paṭa ityanubhavāt | yathā gopiṇḍe gotvaṃ parisamāpya vartate asamāpya vā ? ādye piṇḍāntare tadabhāvāpāto'ntye saṃyogavadekadharmigrahe tadagrahāt iti dūṣaṇe vartteta evottaram | tathāpi atra tantuṣu paṭātyantābhāvo nāstītyarthaḥ | nanu yadyavayavī pṛthak syāt tadā tadrūpamapyavayavarūpāt pṛthagupalabhyeta | upalabhyata evācitrāvayave'vayavini citramiti | na ca citrāsiddhirapratyakṣatvāpātāt | na ca guṇaviroghenānārambhaḥ pratyakṣatvaṃ ca rūpavatsamavāyāt | kalpanāyāḥ sākṣādupapādakaviṣayatvāt | tryaṇukādārabhya citraguṇe tryaṇukaparyantamarūpatve rūpādhyakṣatāvirodhāt | guṇavirodhaśca na prātisvikasthale'vadhṛtasāmarthyānāṃrūpāṇāmekatra prāptau ahamahamikayā rūpārambhe samūhālambanavadupapatteḥ| na ca tulyatvāccitrarasāpātaḥ | tatra rasābhāve'pyupapatteratra tu na tatheti bhāvaḥ |
sarvagrahaṇamavayavyasiddheriti [2|
34|] yadavayavisādhanamuktam | tatra pūrvapakṣyāha—
11.11
yathā taimirikaṃ prati pratyekamayogyā api keśāḥ saṃmūrhitāstairupalabhyante tathāṇavo'pi samūhitā upalapsyanta iti na sarvāgrahaṇamityarthaḥ |
siddhāntyāha—
11.12
indriyasya paṭumandabhāvāt viṣayagrahaṇasya paṭumandabhāvaḥ |
api ca yo'yamavayaveṣvavayavino vṛttivikalpānupapattyāvayavyabhāva āpādyate sa pralayādvā nivarttate paramāṇuto vā anivarttau vā ? ādye dūṣayati—
11.13
yathā vṛttikalpo ghaṭādau tathā tadavayavaparamparāyāmapītyevaṃ rūpo'vayavāvayaviprasaṅgaśca śūnyatāyāṃ vyavatiṣṭhate | tathā ca darśanaviṣayasyāpyabhāve vikalpaḥ kamāvalambya jāyeta | evaṃ paramāṇu paryavasāne'pi | teṣāmatīndriyatvena darśanānārohāt | na ca tathotpannāḥ paramāṇavo dṛśyāḥ kṣaṇabhaṅgabhaṅgāt | tathā copajīvyavyākopāt vyāhato vikalpa ityarthaḥ |
pralayaśca netyāha-
11.14
samavāyādyasamavāyināśayordravyanāśakayorabhāvānnāṇunāśa iti na pralaya ityarthaḥ |
anyaṃ dūṣayati-
11.15
vākāro yathāśrutavikalpasphoraṇāya | truṭestrasareṇoḥ paraṃmūrdhvamapi cedvayavā anantāstadā dṛśyamānastaulyādhikastaulyaprasaṅgaḥ pratyakṣāvayavatvaprasaṅgaścetyarthaḥ |
tathā ca vṛttikalpo'nantaḥ pralayānto vā na sambhavati kintu paramāṇvantaḥ, so'pi vikalpo'vayavini na lagati, bhedābhāvāditi | siddho'vayavīti phalitārthaḥ |
athopaudghātikaṃ niravayavaprakaraṇam | yadyapi truṭeranityatve paramāṇorapyanityatve'pyavayavasiddhirbhavatyeveti nopodghātaḥ kintu prasaṅga eva, tathāpi tadanupapattiriti pūrvapakṣasūtre 'na pralayo'ṇusadbhāvāt | paraṃ vā truṭe'riti 4|
11.16
tasya niravayavasyāṇoranupapattiḥ | kutaḥ, ākāśavyatibhedāt ākāśenāntaḥsambandhāt | yaddhyāntairākāśe sambaddhaṃ tatsāvayavamanityaṃ ca | yathā ghaṭādityarthaḥ |
paramāṇorantarākāśameva netyatrāha-
sarve śabdā ākāśe vibhavanti jāyante sarvamūrtasaṃyogāttasmādākāśaḥ sarvagataḥ | na tu yannāsti tatsaṃbaddho'pi sarvagatatvārtha ityarthaḥ |
nanvākāśasya sakalamūrtasaṃyogitve tena prasaktamūrtānāṃ vyūhanāviṣṭambhane syātāṃ nāvādineva jalādeḥ | na caivam | tasmānna tat sarvagatamata āha—
11.17
yadi paramāṇorantarnākāśaṃ tarhi tadasrvagataṃ prāptam | seyamubhayataḥ pāśā rajjurityarthaḥ |
na cāṇoranavayavatvenāntaraiva nāsti kimasaṃbandhādasrvagatatā | antaḥ śūnyasya dravyasyānupalambhāt tattvavyāghātāditi bhāvaḥ |
siddhāntyāha-
dūṣayati
11.18
antariti bahiriti ca kāryadravyasya kāraṇāntaravacanam | pihito hyavayavo'ntaḥ pidhāyako bahiriti | ato'kārye'ṇau tadabhāvo'ntarabhāvo niravayavatvāt | tathā cāntaḥ saṃbandho vyatibhedaḥ svarūpāsiddha ityarthaḥ | yadyapyantaḥsaṃbandhena pūrvapakṣe tadeva nirastaṃ barhinirasanaṃ tvadhikam | tathāpi tadanubalananyāyānna tatpūrvapakṣākṣepāmiprāyeṇetyavadheyam |
ākāśārsavaṃgatatvaṃ veti |
11.20
sāvayavena hi anyat svasaṃyogi viparītākāraṃ pratibaddhagatikañca kriyate | ākāśaśca na sāvayavamato'vyūhāvaṣṭambhau vyomni siddhau | etābhyāṃ ca vibhutvamato'vyūhādau sāvayavatvābhāvo heturna sarvagatatvābhāva iti na vyūhanādinā asarvagatatvasādhanamavyāpterityarthaḥ |
pūrvapakṣyāha—
11.21
castvarthaḥ siddhāntavāraṇe | mūrttimattāmiti yadyapi sambandhitayopāttaṃ tathāpi hetuparameva hetugarbhaviśeṣaṇatvāt | tathābhidhānaṃ tu pakṣadharmatādyotanāya | mūrttiścāpi dravyasya ṣoḍhā parimāṇam, aṇumahaddīrghahrasvaparamahrasvaparamāṇubhedāt | saṃsthānaṃ trikoṇacaturasraparimaṇḍalādiravayavasaṃyogaviśeṣaḥ | tena dvyaṇukāvayavāḥ sāvayavāḥ mūrttimattvāt saṃsthānavattvācca | ghaṭādivaditi | punaḥ sāvayavāste prasaktā ityarthaḥ |
11.22
avayavasadbhāva ityanuṣajyate | madhye sannaṇuḥ pūrvaparāṇubhyāṃ saṃyujyamānastayorvyavadhāyakaḥ | vyavadhāyakatvaṃ cāvayavidharma ityarthaḥ |
11.23.1
mūrttimattvaṃ sāvayavatvavyāpyaṃ na vā ? antye'pyavayavadhārāviśrāntirniravayave vā pralaye vā vibhāge vā | ādye mūrttimattvamanaikāntikam | tatraiva madhyame samavāyādināśānāṃ tannāśakānāmabhāve pralayāsiddhireva | bhāve vā siddho niravayavo'vayava iti punaranaikāntikameva | antye vibhajyamānābhāve kathaṃ vibhāgastasya sāśraya tvāt | bhāve vā tatraivāvibhājye'vayave'naikāntikamevetyantya trayadoṣodādyapakṣo'bhyupeyaḥ | sa cānavasthākārī tasmān mūrttimattvādinā na niravayavatvapratiṣedho'navasthākāritvādanavasthānupapatteḥ | anante hyavayavāvayavibhāve truṭerameyatvaprasaṅga ityuktameva | tathā cānavasthāprasaṅgastruṭerameyatvaprasaṅgaśca bādhakāvityarthaḥ | nanu madhyame'ṇau ūrdhvādhaścaturdikṣu ṣaṭsu paramāṇubhiḥ saṃyogā avyāpya bhavanti vyāpya vā ? ādye parasparāsaṅkīrṇā ṣaṭsaṃyogāvacchedakā avaśa yavācyā pratiyogitadabhāvayoravacchedabhedaṃ vinaikatrāvṛtterapratipatteśca| te ca ṣaḍavayavā eva | anyeṣāmasambhavāt | antye upaviṣṭaḥ paramāṇuḥ sarvāvacchedena madhyame'ṇau milita iti tatraiva līyeta | tadsaṃpṛktadeśaṃ na spṛśet | tathā ca dvābhyāmaṇubhyāmekāṇudeśavyāpane eka evāṇuḥ syāt | evamitarapañcasaṃyoge'pīti kvāvayavāvayavivātīpi | etadevāha- maivaṃ pūrvādidigavacchedena tāvatāṃ saṃyogānāmavyāpyaiva madhyame'ṇau vṛtteḥ | digavacchedakāstu prabhāmaṇḍalādayaḥ :
11.23.2
nanu digapi saṃsṛjyāvacchedikā | tathā ca tatsaṃyogo'pi vyāpya vā'vyāpya veti pūrvavadeva prasaṅga iti cenna, tatsaṃyoge paramāṇvādīnāmavacchedakatvāt | tathā codayācalādāyātatejomaṇḍalāvacchedena pūrvāṇurmadhyame'ṇau saṃyuktaḥ paścimastadekaparamāṇvadhikatattejomaṇḍalā vacchedena nahi madhyamo'ṇurekaparamāṇumātraṃ deśaṃ na vyāpnoti | tathā cālepanāntarvartitaṇḍulakṣodavannaikasya saṃyogina itarasmin saṃyogini laya evamupariṣṭhādiṣṭadiṣṭādiṣvapīti bhāvaḥ | nanu trasareṇoravayavasyāānupalambhāt kalpanāyāṃ tu pramāṇā bhāvāt sa evāvadhiriti | na tasya cākṣuṣadravyatvena sāvayavatvasyānumānāt | na cāprayojakatvaṃ nedīyasāṃ kṣodīyasāmagrahaṇāt, prathīyasāṃ tu grahaṇāt | tat pratyakṣa utkṛṣṭamahattvasya hetutayā bāhyapratyakṣamātre janyasattvamātrasya kāraṇatvāt | anyathā tadutkarṣānanuvidhānāpatteḥ | etena nityameva tanmahattvamityapāstam | uktayuktyā janyamahattvasyaiva bāhyapratyakṣahetutvāvadhāraṇāt | evamavayavotkarṣeṇa mahattvo-
11.23.3
athāvayavadvitvameva tajjanakam | avayavo'sya paramāṇurvā syāt tajjanyo vā ? nādyo janyamahattvasya sāvayavāvayavattvāvinābhāvāt | nāntyastasyaiva paramāṇudvayajanyasya mahattvaprasaṅgāt | ata eva tribhirapi paramāṇubhirna trasareṇvārambho mahattvānāpatteḥ | nāpi dvyaṇukadvayena tata eva | na ca dvyaṇukayoḥ pracayasaṃyogādeva trasareṇau mahattvaṃ syāt tatra tadabhāvāt | anyathā nibiḍasaṃyogajanyatrasareṇvapekṣayā pracayasaṃyogajanyatrasareṇoradhikaparimāṇatve tasya sarvāpakṛṣṭamahattvavattvaṃ bhajyeta | na ca trasareṇumātrasyaiva pracayajanyatā kāraṇamahattvābhāve sati mahattvādirgāta vācyam, aprayojakatvāt | anyathā kvacidapyadṛṣṭakalpanā na syāt | atha dṛṣṭenānupapattau sā tatrāpi pracayasya sandigdhatvāt kathaṃ na sā | tasmāt tribhirdvyaṇukaistrasareṇurārabhyate natvadhikaiḥ| kāraṇatritvādeva mahattvopapattau tatkalpane gauravāt | evaṃ dvyaṇukamapi dvābhyāṃ paramāṇubhyāṃ, tadvahutvakalpanāyāṃ tadavayavakalpanāyāṃ ca pramāṇābhāvāt | evaṃ ca sati na triparamāṇukaṃ na vā dvidvyaṇukaṃ dravyaṃ mānābhāvādeveti siddhaṃ niravayavo'tīndriyaḥ paramāṇuriti |
11.23.4
pūrvaprakaraṇārthayoḥ sāvayavaniravayavayoḥ prasaṅgena bāhyārthāpahnavanirākaraṇaprakaraṇam | kaścittu vijñānekaśeṣe kvāvayava ityupodghāta eva | na ca nimittānuvyañjanasaṃjñāvirodhvaśubhasaṃjñābhāvanopadeśasya prakṛtasya vijñānanaye jñānātmake'pi stryādāvavirodhānnaivamiti vācyam | upadeśo hi na niravayavaprakaraṇaviṣayaḥ kintu tatpūrvaprakaraṇaviṣayaḥ | asya ca niravayavaprakaraṇenaiva prasaṅgasaṅgatirna tu pūrveṇāpi sā dṛśyate abhidhānānāṅgatvāt | pūrvaprakaraṇārthaśca niravayavo'vayava iti bhavatyevopogdhātaḥ | na ca jñānātmakatve'pyavayavasya na kiñcidanupapannam | na ca jñānabhinnatvamapyavayavasya pūrvamuktaṃ yannirvāhāyetat syāditi vācyam | antarbahiśca kāryadravyasya kāraṇāntaravacanādakārye tadabhāva [4| 1] śrutibhi rjñānamātrasyaiva tatkāraṇatvābhidhānācca | etena-
11.24
tuḥ prakārāntaravyavacchede | bhavatā tāvad buddhayā vivecanādullekhādeva bāhyasiddhirāstheyā | buddhiśca na bāhyamullikhati | mama ghaṭa iti jñānamityanuvyavasāyena ghaṭataddhiyorabhedollekhāditi śabdārtha svarasācca | evañca tvadabhimatasya bhāvānāṃ jñānabhedalakṣaṇasya yāthātmyasyānupalabdhiḥ | yathā tantvapakarṣe tantuparihāre paṭo nopalabhyata iti na paṭastantuvyatiriktastathaiva tanturapi nāṃśavyatiriktastatparīhāreṇānupalambhāt | evaṃ tāvad yāvadaṇuḥ | aṇurapi yadi digādibhinnaḥ syāttato bhedena gṛhyeta | na caivamiti paramāṇorapyabhāve svamātramaṇamūrtayo dhiyaḥ svākāramabāhyameva bāhyatvenollikhantyo bhrāntaya ityarthaḥ |
siddhāntyāha-
11.25
buddhyā vivecanaṃ bāhyābhāve'hetuḥ vyāhatatvāt | nahi tantvabhāve tato vivicyeta iti prasaṅgo ghaṭate | tathā cāvadhisattve tadasattve ca na vivecanād bāhyābhāvaḥ | evaṃ jñānabhinnasyollekhātypesnullekhayorbuddhijñānabhinnaṃ nollikhatītyapi vyāhatam | tathā ca vyāghātādeva siddhaṃ bāhyamityarthaḥ |
11.26
paṭasyāpṛthaggrahaṇena tāvad vilakṣaṇabuddhibodhyatvābhāvo'siddheḥ | nāpi deśabhedābhāvaḥ | paṭasya tantudeśatvāt tantūnāṃ cāṃśudeśatvāt | tanturūpadeśasya anyadeśe'nupalambharūpamapṛthaggrahaṇaṃ cet tatrottarantadāśrayatvāditi | idamapṛthaggrahaṇaṃ tadāśritatayā'nyathāsiddhaṃ nābhedaṃ gamayitumalamityarthaḥ |
bāhye yuktyantaramāha—
yathā svapne prameyābhimāno'sadarthaviṣayastathā pramāṇaprameyadhīrapyasanmātraviṣayaivetyarthaḥ |
atra svapnatvamevopādhiriti cettannāha—
11.27
caḥ samuccaye | na sarvabāhyābhāvaḥ | pramāṇato'rthapratipatteḥ | anyathā jñānamapi lupyetāviśeṣādityarthaḥ |
vyāghātāntaramāha—
11.28
sarvābhāvasādhane vyāghāta iti śeṣaḥ | yadi pramāṇamasti kva sarvābhāvaḥ | tasyaiva bhāvāt | atha nāsti tadā natarāṃ sādhanābhāvādityabhayathāpi vyāghāta ityarthaḥ |
nanvasatāpi pramāṇena saṃvṛtisiddhena sādhya evetyāśayena codayati—
11.30
sugamam |
siddhāntī dūṣayati—
11.31
sarvabuddhyayathārthatvasyāsiddhiḥ hetvādibuddhīnāmapyayathārthatvena hetvabhāvāt | yadvā jāgraddhīvat pramāṇādidhīḥ samīcīnaiva kasmānnetyatra hetvabhāvāt | yadvā dṛṣṭāntībhūtasya svapnasyāsiddhiḥ hetvabhāvāt | sarvabuddhyayathārthatve svapnagrāhakadhiyo'pyayathārthatvādityarthaḥ |
svapnasya smṛtyādivajjanakānubhavāpekṣitve tatpratyākhyāyakatvaṃ ca na yuktamityāha—
11.32
smṛtivat saṅkalpavaccetyarthaḥ | nanvanīlādayo viṣayā jñānātmakā jñeyatvāt jñānavat, bhede hyatiprasaṅgāt jñeyatvameva na syāt | na ca prākaṭyaṃ niyāmakaṃ, tadādhāna eva niyāmakābhāvāt, atītādau tadabhāvācca | nāpi sattvaṃ kāraṇatvamekasāmagyradhīnatvaṃ vā viṣayatvam,
atha vyavahārasya vyavahartavyajñānasādhyatvasiddhau tadeva jñānaṃ svaviṣayakamapi kalpyate lāghavāt jñānadhīvedya ātmāpi ca tadviṣaya ityātmasvārthaviṣayatvaṃ sarvavittīnāmiti cenna, laukikapratyakṣa viṣayatve tajjanakendriyapratyāsattyāśrayatvasyopādhitvāt | athānyasyānyaviṣayatve sannikarṣo'stu niyamako na tu svaviṣayatve'pyanatiprasaṅgādini cet janyapratyakṣaviṣayatvamātre grāhyasannikarṣasyaiva hetutvādanyathānanugamāt īśvarajñānasya yogajadharmajajñānānāṃ jñānaviṣayaka jñāptijñānāmetadanuvyavasāyānāṃ cāgatyā svaprakāśatvābhyupagamaḥ |
nanvanyatrāpi paraprakāśo'navasthānādagatyaiva sāstu na jñānasya svābhinnajñānavedyatve'pyanavasthāvirahāt utkaṭaviṣayabodhasāmagryāḥ pratibandhe ghaṭādivadagrahāt tadutkaṭatve ca kāryadarśanasyaiva mānatvāt | tasmād vivādapadaṃ vartamānajñānaṃ na tadviṣayaḥ janakendriyaprāptyanāśrayatvāt viprakṛṣṭaghaṭavat viśeṣaprāptyeva cānumānapravṛttirato neśvarajñāne vyabhicāraḥ | atha yā dhīrna vedyā sā mānābhāvādasatīti tadadhīnasattvaṃ viṣayaparyantamasat syāt | na syāt sarvāṃsāmeva vyava hāraliṅgādinā vedyatvābhyupagamāt | atha jñānaviṣaya eva svasmin vyavahārasaṃskārau karoti na svaviṣaya eva, tasya tajjanakatvāt, anyathātiprasaṅgāt |
atha jñānasya svanirvikalpakena vināśānna vartamānāt pratyakṣatā syāditi cenna, pūrvakṣaṇavarttitayaiva jñānasya svaviṣayakapratyakṣahetutvāt, na tu vartamānatve sati gauravāt | tathā cādau ghaṭa iti jñānaṃ tatastannirvikalpakaṃ tatastat savikalpakaṃ tato ghaṭamahaṃ jānāmīti sthūlakālo pādhyavalambī caturthakṣaṇa ātmaviśeṣyako'nuvyavasāya iti |
nedaṃ rajatamityādibādhādastu viṣayābhāva iti cettannāha-
11.33
tattvajñānād bādhakān mithyopalabdhestadullikhitavaiśiṣṭyasya ca vināśo bhavati na tu dharmiṇo'pi tadullikhitasya svaviṣayabhrama vadityarthaḥ |
yastu mādhyamiko mithyādhīdṛṣṭāntena tattvadhiyāmapyasadarthatāṃ prasādhya bāhyāpahnava kṛtvā tenaiva dṛṣṭāntena vijñānāpahnava kṛtvā vicārāsahaṃ jagadāha | taṃ pratyāha-
11.34
evamarthavad buddherapi nimittamindriyādisadbhāvaḥ svarūpaṃ coplabhyate'to na tadapahnavaḥ śakyata ityarthaḥ |
buddhau ca naikarūpataivetyāha-
11.35
tattvaṃ purovarti pradhānamāropyamete mithyābuddhau kāraṇe na tu tattvabuddhau | tatrāropyasyābhāvāt | tathā cānayoḥ kāraṇayorbhedān mithyābuddhestattvabuddhito bheda iti yuktaṃ buddhidvaividhyamityarthaḥ |
yadvā mithyābuddhestattvapradhānabhedāt prakāriprakārāvacchedena dvaividhyaṃ sadasadaryaviṣayatvamiti na mithyādhīdṛṣṭāntena tattvadhiyo'pi kevalāsadarthaviṣayatvasādhyamityarthaḥ | tadevaṃ prāsaṅgikaṃ bāhyārthaprakaraṇaṃsamarthitam |
[ tattvajñānavivṛddhiprakaraṇam ]
ātmatattvajñānotpattiprakaraṇe doṣanimittānāṃ tattvajñānādahaṅkāranivṛtti [4|
na caitāvatā kṛtakṛtyatā | tasya sākṣātkāridṛḍhabhūmisavāsana mohonmūlanāsārmarthyāt | atastadavacchedakasākṣātkāritattvajñāna paryantaṃ yauktaṃ tattvajñānaṃ vivarddhanīyamiti prakṛtitattvasākṣātkārotpattyupapādakaṃ tannirvarttakatvasaṅgatyā tattvajñānavivṛddhiprakaraṇam|
tattvajñānavivṛddhau hetumāha—
11.36
samyagādhīyate dhāryate iti samādhiḥ praṇidhānādijanyo manasaḥ sthira ātmasaṃyogaḥ | ayaṃ svāpe'pi sukara ityato viśeṣapadam | tadviśeṣastattvabubhutsāsādhyastādṛksaṃyogastasyābhyāsa ekāgratayā praṇidhānapaunaḥpunyaṃ tataściranirantarādarasevitāt savāsanamohonmūlanasāmastattvasākṣātkāra utpadyate ityarthaḥ |
ākṣipati—
indriyārthaviśeṣāṇāṃ garjādīnāṃ prābalyena bubhutsitādapi bodhyānmanovikṣepāt kṣutpipāsābhyāṃ vyādhibhiśca pravarttanāt cittaikāgratānupapatterna samādhisiddhirityarthaḥ |
anyathāpi pratyanīkaparihāramāha—
eṣu yogābhyāsaḥ kartavya ityupadeśo yato'taśca na gītādayo viṣayā vyāsedhakā ityarthaḥ |
taṭasthaḥ pūrvapakṣimamākṣipati—
11.40
yadyarthaprābalyādeva jñānaṃ tadāpavarge'pi prasajyetetyāhuḥ |
siddhāntī samādhatte—
11.41
niṣpanne sati śarīrādau sahakārigrāme jñānasyāvaśyambhāvo mokṣe ca na śarīrādīti na jñānamityarthaḥ |
nanvanyaśarīrādisahakāribalādeva muktasya. jñānamastu | sāmānyata eva śarīrādīnāṃ jñānakāraṇatvāvadhāraṇādata āha—
11.42
apavarge tadabhāvaḥ svakarmopārjitaśarīrābhāvo'nyaśarīrādi ca nānyopakārakamatiprasaṅgādityāhuḥ |
tat kiṃ samādhireva tatsādhanamatastatparikaraṃ darśayati—
11.43
tadarthaṃ tattvasākṣātkārārthaṃ tattvajñānotpattipratibandhakādṛṣṭanāśamukhena sattvaśuddhidvārā karmaṇāmupayogāt | yamaniyamābhyāmātmasaṃskāra ātmaśodhanaṃ kartavyam | yamo niṣiddhavarjanaṃ niyamāḥ śauca santoṣatapaḥsvādhyāyeśvarapraṇidhānāni | yadvā ahiṃsāsatyāsteyabrahmacaryāparigrahāḥ yamāḥ | ekaikāśrama niyato dharmopāyo niyamaḥ | yogāt yogaśāstrāt pātañjalāderavagataradhyātmavidhyupāyairātmasaṃskāraḥ kartavyaḥ | adhyātmavidhayaśca tapaḥ prāṇāyāmapratyāhāradhyānadhāraukāntāvasthānāhāraniyamanairantaryānuṣṭhānaviṣayaprasaṃkhyānarūpā ityarthaḥ |
tadarthamapavargārthamiti kecit | tasyāpavargasyādhigamāyeti bhāṣyādidarśanāt | tathā cotpanne'pi tattvajñāne yāvanmukti yamā dikamanuṣṭheyamiti tulyakakṣatayaiva jñānakarmaṇoḥ samuccayaḥ |
atha karmaiva mokṣajanakaṃ-
karmaṇaiva hi saṃsiddhimāsthitā janakādaya iti [ gītā 3|20 ] bhagavadvacanāditi cet na, samānaviṣayakatattvajñānaṃ vinā mohānucchede saṃsāratādavasthyāt | karmaṇastatrāsāmarthyāt | gītā ca karmakāraṇatvaparā | tattvajñānabannāsādhāraṇaṃ karma kintu paramparayetyāśayaḥ |
nanu jñānameva mokṣajanakaṃ mithyājñānanāśe kevalasyaiva tattvajñānasya sāmarthyāvadhāraṇāt |
athāpare na munayo manīṣiṇaḥ paraṃ karmabhyo'mṛtattvamānaśuḥ | […… ?]
vedāhametaṃ puruṣaṃ mahāntamādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt tameva viditvātimṛtyumeti nānyaḥ panthāḥ vidyate'yanāya | [śvetāśvataropaniṣat 3|8]
sa brahmasaṃstho'mṛtatvametītyādi [chā0 u0 2|
ubhābhyāmeva pakṣābhyāṃ khe yathā pakṣiṇo gatiḥ | tathaiva jñānakarmabhyāṃ prāpyate brahma śāśvatam |
133| [bhavasantareṇopaniṣat]
11.44
tadarthamityanuṣajyate | jñāyate'neneti jñānaṃ śāstraṃ tadgrahaṇamadhyayanādi tasyābhyāsaḥ paunaḥpunyam, tadvidyāstadabhiyuktāstaiḥ saha saṃvādaḥ svānubhūtadāḍharyārthaṃ kartavya ityarthaḥ |
saṃvādameva viśadayati—
11.45
sabrahmacārī sahādhyāyī | śiṣṭaḥ gurukalpaḥ | śreyo'rthī mokṣa-
mādyaḥ | tasyāpi mumukṣayā prāktanaḥ saṃskāro'numīyate | ebhiḥ saha tamātmano dehādibhedamabhyupeyāt abhimukhamupetya saṃbhūya taṃ vādakathayā jānīyādityarthaḥ |
nanu vāde'pi svapakṣasthāpanakārśyena gurvādīnāṃ dveṣācca te tattvamupadiśeyurata āha—
11.46
tamabhyupeyāditi vartate | arthitve bubhutsitatattve sati prayojanārthamātmatvānubhūtadārthyārthaṃ pratipakṣahīnaṃ yathā syādevaṃ tamabhyupetya [saṃ] bhūya taṃ svapakṣaṃ gurvādikāt vicārāṃnnirṇayet | tathā ca śuśrāṃ bubhutsāṃ prakāśayannanahaṃkurvan svapakṣamanavasthāpayan parayuktīradviṣan vinayādinā gurvādaun prasādayan tebhyastattvamavadhārayedityarthaḥ |
[ tattvajñānaparipālanaprakaraṇam ]
tadevaṃ tattvajñānotpattikamatadvivṛddhikathanena nairantaryeṇa ye upāyā nirantarābhyāsābhiyogātiśayādayo darśitāḥ | yāvat saṃśayādyapākaraṇāya ca vādo darśita iti yadyapi sarvaṃ susthaṃ tathāpi trayībahiṣkṛtai rahaṃmānibhiḥ prāvādukairadhikṣipte tattve sarvamidaṃ drāgeva vighaṭayiṣyatīti aphala evaitāvān prayāsarāśirataḥ prakṛtena tattvajñānotpatti prakaraṇena cāvyavahitena nirvāhakatvasaṅgattyā tatparipālanaprakaraṇam |
laghu hi paripālitaṃ vardhate | tatra paripālanopāyamāha—
11.47
sugamam |
nanu tattvabubhutsāvāda eva bahūnāṃ sa ca kathita eveti kiṃ jalpa vitaṇḍābhyāmata āha—
11.48
tābhyāṃ jalpavitaṇḍābhyāṃ pākhaṇḍaiḥ saha vigṛhya tān vigrahe vijitya sādhubhyastattvakathanaṃ kartavyaṃ vidyāparipālanāyetyarthaḥ |
iti mahāmahopādhyāya sanmiśra vācaspati viracite nyāyatattvāloke caturtho'dhyāyaḥ samāptaḥ |
yadā nāstikaḥ kutakaim̐strayīmācchādayan īśvarān tadanuyāyinīḥ prajāścādhamam̐ḥ pravarttayitumudyukto [bhavet tadaiva jalpavitaṇḍayoravasaraḥ | te ca chalajātinigrahasthānasādhane | teṣu chalasya uddeśavibhāgaparīkṣāḥ dṛṣṭacarāḥ | jātinigrahasthānayostūdaddeśasāmānyalakṣaṇe dṛṣṭe | vibhāga parīkṣe tāvadavasite | tatprapūraṇāya pañcamādhyāyāvatāraḥ | tatrāpi jāti viśeṣalakṣaṇaparīkṣe prathamāhnikārthaḥ | dvitīye nigrahasthānalakṣaṇa saṃgrahaḥ | saptadaśa cātra prakaraṇāni | tatrādau satpratipakṣadeśanābhāsaprakaraṇam | jātiprakaraṇe punarādimasūtre jātyuttarāṇāmavāntara vibhāgamācaṣṭe1]–
Linked texts (1)
- Nyāyasūtra — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit