[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [Nyāyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra) › [Nyayasutroddhara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vacaspati-misra) › 4.8 # Nyayasutra 4.8 Nyāyasūtroddhāra 4.8 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [4.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vacaspati-misra.4.8) atrāsiddha iti yadi lakṣaṇaṃkriyeta tadā siddhimātraniṣedhe atyantāsiddha eva labhyeta natvanyatarāsiddha iti, ata uktam sādhyāviśiṣṭa iti | tathā sādhyamanyatarāsiddham tathāryāmityarthaḥ | evaṃ cānyatarāsiddha eva prāpyeta, sādhyasya tathātvādata uktam sādhyatvāditi | tenāsiddhimātraṃ vivakṣitam | tena vyāptipakṣadharmatābhyāṃ pramitīsiddhaḥ | yadvā avyāptāderapi tanniścayenānumitadarśanāt tābhyāṃ niścayaḥ siddhaḥ tadabhāvavānasiddha iti lakṣaṇam | tatra pakṣāniścayādāśrayāsiddhiḥ | yatheśvaro'kartā aśarīrattvāt | yadyapi parārthānumāne'pārthakamadam, tathāpi svārthānumānadiśā neyam | asaṅkīrṇamudāharaṇamasya viśeṣā siddhyā yathā siddhasādhanam| hiraṇmayo'yaṃ parvvato'gnimānityādikaṃ ca pakṣe liṅganiścayāt | svarūpāsiddhiḥ, yathā anityaḥ śabdaḥ cākṣuṣadravyatvāt | ayaṃ ca viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyobhayāsiddhyā trividhaḥ vyāpsaraniścayādanyathāsiddhaḥ yathā parvvato'yaṃ vahnimān nīladhūmādityāhuḥ | nanūktajñānaviraho na hetvābhāso'nyathā tvatprayogānna mama vyāptyādiviśiṣṭadhīrityadbhāvanamātreṇaiva vādī jīyeta | astu tarhi vyāptyādiviśiṣṭaviraha evāsādhanatiprasaṃgāt | hantaivaṃ vyāptyādivirahasya jñānādudbhāvanāva svaparānumitipratibandhāt | santu te traya eva hetvābhāsāḥ| na tu viśiṣṭābhāva eko hetvābhāsa iti cet, satyam, āśrayāsiddhiḥ svarūpāsiddhiḥ vyāpyatvāsiddhiśca pratyekameva doṣaḥ anumitipratibandhakatvāt | hanta viśiṣṭaviraho'stu ata eva varttaya iti cet, hanta hetvābhāso'stu ata eva ṣaṣṭha ityapi brūyāḥ | sāmānyadhiyo'pi viśeṣaviṣayatayā viṣayāntarbhāvaścet, tulyaṃ liṅgaparāmarśaviṣayābhāvatvenārthagatena trayāṇāmekīkṛtya maharṣiṇā vibhajanāt na vibhāgavyākopo'pi, svatantrābhiprāyasya niṣeddhumaśakyatvāt | śāstre paribhāṣocchedāpatteśca | uddeśakramasaṃgatyā bādhalakṣaṇāya sūtram- - [Previous: 4.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vacaspati-misra.4.7) - [Next: 4.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vacaspati-misra.4.10) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vacaspati-misra.4) ## Linked texts (1) - [Nyāyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra.1.2.8.p1) — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vacaspati-misra.4.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vacaspati-misra.4.8) · Pramāṇa