[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [Nyāyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra) › [Nyāyabhāṣya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana) › [Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo) › 470 # Commentary on the Nyāyasūtra 470 Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team 470 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [470.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.470.3) dṛṣṭāntasya kāraṇānapadeśāt pratyavasthānāc ca pratidṛṣṭāntena prasaṅgapratidṛṣṭāntasamau || ### [470.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.470.4) sādhanasyāpi sādhanaṃ vaktavyam iti prasaṅgena pratyavasthānaṃ prasaṅgasamaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ/ kriyāhetuguṇayogī kriyāvān loṣṭa iti hetur nāpadiśyate, na ca hetum antereṇa siddhir astīti/ ### [470.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.470.5) pratidṛṣṭāntena pratyavasthānaṃ pratidṛṣṭāntasamaḥ/ kriyāvān ātmā kriyāhetuguṇayogād loṣṭavad ity ukte pratidṛṣṭānta upādīyate --- kriyāhetuguṇayuktam ākāśaṃ niṣkriyaṃ dṛṣṭam iti/ kaḥ punar ākāśasya kriyāhetuguṇaḥ? vāyunā saṃyogaḥ saṃskārāpekṣaḥ, vāyuvanaspatisaṃyogavad iti//9// ## Linked texts (2) - [Nyāyamañjarī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.56) — Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Nyāyapariśiṣṭa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayaparisista.1.p149) — Udayana, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.470](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.470) · Pramāṇa