[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [Nyāyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra) › [Nyāyabhāṣya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana) › [Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo) › 8.3 # Commentary on the Nyāyasūtra 8.3 Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team 8.3 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [8.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.8.3) āptopadeśaḥ śabdaḥ || - [Previous: 8.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.8.2) - [Next: 8.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.8.4) - [Up: 8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.8) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.8.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.8.3) · Pramāṇa