[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [Manuals and primers](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana) › [Lakshanamala](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala) › 2.1-2.11 # Lakshanamala 2.1-2.11 Lakṣaṇamālā 2.1-2.11 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [2.1-2.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.11) lakṣaṇayā'nvayabodhaḥ| lakṣaṇayā'rthopasthāpakaṃ padaṃ lākṣaṇikam, lākṣaṇikaṃ padaṃ nānubhāvakam, tadarthānvayabodhe śaktaṃ padāntaraṃ kāraṇamityeke| tadapare na manyante| yatra kumatiḥ paśurityādavāvekamapi śaktaṃ padaṃ nāsti tatrānvayabodho lakṣaṇayaiveti, jahatsvārthā'jahatsvārthā nirūḍhā''dhuniketyevaṃ lakṣaṇā caturvidhā| lakṣitalakṣaṇā'pyasti dvirephādvikapadatastayaivānvayabodhāt, uktañcajahatsvārthā'jahatsvārthā nirūḍhādhunikī tathā lakṣaṇā vividhāstābhirlakṣakaṃ syādanekadhā iti| padajñānaṃ karaṇam, vṛttyā padajanyapadārthopasthitirvyāpāraḥ, śābdabodhaḥ phalamiti siddhāntaḥ| abhedānvayabodhaśca virūpopasthitayoreveti vyutpattiḥ, abhedānvaya thale viśeṣyaviśeṣaṇavācakapadayoḥ samānavacanakatvamiti niyamaḥ| vedāḥ pramāṇamityādyanurodhena yatra viśeṣyavācakapadottaravibhaktitātparyyaviṣayasaṃkhyāviruddhasaṃkhyāyā viśeṣaṇavācakapadottaravibhaktyā'vivakṣitatvam, tatra viśeṣyaviśeṣaṇavācakapadayoḥ samānasūtre pramāṇāntaramuddiṣṭasya prameyapadārthasya lakṣaṇamupadarśayati— pramāṇaviṣayaḥ prameyam | mumukṣūn prati yanmithyājñāyamānaṃ sākṣādanukūlapratikūlayo rāgadve ṣahetuḥ tat prameyamityekam | samyag jñāyamānaṃ yat sākṣāt saṃsārabījaṃ nikṛntati tad dvitīyam | tacca dvādaśavidham parisaṃkhyānāt tatra jñānādyadhikaraṇamātmā | jñāneti guṇāntarādhikaraṇānāṃ pṛthivyādīnāṃ nirāsaḥ | ādīti lakṣaṇāntarasūcanam | adhikaraṇamiti jñānasya vyudāsaḥ jñānasamavāyikāraṇamiti na kartavyam īśvarāvyāpakatvāt - [Previous: 2.1-2.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.10) - [Next: 2.1-2.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.12) - [Up: 2.1-2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.11) · Pramāṇa