[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [Manuals and primers](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana) › [Lakshanamala](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala) › 2.1-2.40 # Lakshanamala 2.1-2.40 Lakṣaṇamālā 2.1-2.40 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [2.1-2.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.40) sādhyadharmasya nityānityavikalpanenānupapattyā pratyavasthānamanityasamaḥ 23, kāryanānātvānumānāt pratyavasthānaṃ kāryasamaḥ 24 tannigrahasthānamiti nikhilanigrahasthānaviśeṣā'nugataṃ nigrahasthānalakṣaṇam | chalādi bhinnaṃ dūṣaṇāsamarthamuttaraṃ svavyāghātakamuttaraṃ vā jātiḥ, sādharmyasamādicaturviṃśatyanyānyatvaṃ jātitvamityapi sarvajātyanugataṃ pratipattavyam, uddeśyasyānuguṇasabhyag jñānābhāvaliṅgatvaṃ pratijñāhānyādyanyatamatvaṃ vā nigrahasthānasāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ tadakhilaviśeṣānugatamiti || vādyukte sampratyavasthānaṃ jātirityasya kenacit saha sādharmyeṇa vādinā prayukte pratīpamavasthānaṃ vādyabhimataviruddhena saha sādharmyeṇa dūṣaṇaprasañjanaṃ jātiḥ, evaṃ kenacit saha vaidharmyeṇa vādinā prayukte pratīpamavasthānaṃ vādyabhimataviruddhena saha vaidharmyeṇa dūṣaṇaprasañjanaṃ jātirityasya caikaikasya na sarvajātivyāpakatvamityavyāptiḥ syādata uktamanyataratvaṃ jātitvamityartho'vaseyaḥ, chalādivāraṇāya tadbhinnatvaṃ tatra deyamiti | jāteścaturviṃśatiprakārepu 'sādharmya-vaidharmyotkarṣā-pakarṣa-varyā varṇya-vikalpa-sādhyaprāptyaprāpti-prasaṅgapratidṛṣṭāntānutpatti-saṃśaya - prakaraṇāhetvarthāpattyaviśeṣopapattyupalabdhyanupalabdhinityanityakāryyasamāḥ' ( a0 5 ā0 1 sū0 1 ) itisūtropadiṣṭeṣu lakṣyeṣu krameṇa lakṣaṇapratipādane karttavye prathamaṃ sādharmyasamaprakāraṃ lakṣayati gṛhyamāṇaviśeṣatvena prakaraṇasamatvena sādharmyeṇa pratyavasthānaṃ sādharmyasama iti, atra sādharmyasamātmako jātivikalpo lakṣya iti puṃliṅganirdeśaḥ | evamagre 'pi, - [Previous: 2.1-2.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.39) - [Next: 2.1-2.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.41) - [Up: 2.1-2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2) ## Linked texts (1) - [Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.462.3) — Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.laksanamala.2.1-2.40) · Pramāṇa