[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [Manuals and primers](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana) › [The Bud of Nyāya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayakalika) › 1.20 # The Bud of Nyāya 1.20 Nyāyakalikā 1.20 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [1.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayakalika.1.20) dharmaḥ kṛtakatvamiṣyate tarhi samānadharmayogāt tayoraviśeṣe tadvadeva sarvapadārthināmaviśeṣaḥ prasajyata iti | upapattyā pratyavasthānamupapattisamā jātirbhavati | yadi kṛtakatvopapattyā śabdasyānityatvaṃ tadā niravayavatvopapattyā nityatvamapi kasmānna bhavatīti pakṣadvayopapattyā'nadhyavasāyaparyavasādhanatvaṃ vivakṣitamityudbhāvanaprakārabheda evāyam | upalabdhyā pratyavasthānamupalabdhisamā jātirbhavati | anityaḥ śabdaḥ prayatnanantarīyaktvāditi prayukte paraḥ pratyavatiṣṭhate ? na khalu prayatnanantarīyaktvamanityasādhanam | sādhanaṃ hi taducyate yena vinā na sādhyamupalabhyate | upalabhyate ca prayatnanānantarīyaktvena vinā'pi vidyudādāvanityatvam | śabde'pi kvacidvāyuvegavibhajyamānavanaspatyādijanye'pi ca anupalabdhyā pratyavasthānamanupalabdhisamā jātirbhavati | tatraiva prayatnanānantarīyaktve hetāvyanyaste paraḥ pratyavatiṣṭhate | na prayatnakāryaḥ śabdaḥ prāguccāraṇādastyeva āvaraṇayogāttu nopalabhyate | āvaraṇānupalambhe'pyanupalambhānnāstyeva śabda iti cenna, āvaraṇātupalavdheranupalambhāt | āvaraṇānupalabdheśca anupalambhādabhāvaḥ | tadabhāve cāvaraṇopalabdherbhāvo bhavati tataśca mṛdantaritamūlakīlodakādivadāvaraṇopalabdhikṛtameva śabdasya prāguccāraṇādagrahaṇamiti | prayatnakāryatvābhāvānnityaḥ śabda iti | sādhyadharmanityatvavikalpena śabdanityatvāpādanaṃ nityasamā jātirbhavati | anityaḥ śabda iti pratijñāte jātivādī vikalpayati-yeyamanityatā śabdasya ucyate sā kiṃ nityā'nityā veti | yadyanityā tadiyamavaśyamapāyinī | anityatāyā - [Previous: 1.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayakalika.1.19) - [Next: 1.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayakalika.1.21) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayakalika.1) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayakalika.1.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.nyayakalika.1.20) · Pramāṇa