[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana) › [Logic and epistemology](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya) › [Manuals and primers](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana) › [Tarkikaraksha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.tarkikaraksa) › 2.28 # Tarkikaraksha 2.28 Tārkikarakṣā 2.28 - **Language:** Sanskrit ### [2.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.tarkikaraksa.2.28) yadi mahānasasādharmyādagnimān parvataḥ tarhi tatsādharmyāt trailokyamapyagnimadbhavedityādi | aviśeṣasamāyāṃ tu pakṣāderaviśeṣamātropapādanam iha tu vipakṣasya sapakṣatvāpādane tātparyamiti na tayā saha saṃkaraḥ | parikarastu tadvadeva boddhavyaḥ | uddhārastu nedaṃ vivakṣitārthasādhakam asādhakasādharmyāt asti ca tadasya ghaṭadharmatvamiti vā tasyāmeva pratijñāyāṃ samānadharmatvāt sattvavaditi vā tayoreva pakṣadṛṣṭāntayorghaṭadharmatvāditi vā jātivākyārthaḥ | sarvatra svoktivyāpanād vyāghātaḥ | prathame tāvadidamapi vākyaṃ vivakṣitamarthaṃ na pratipādayet tadapratipādakasādharmyāt | asti ca tadasya pratijñādyavayavayogitvaṃ sthāpanāvākyeneti vyāghātaḥ | dvitīye 'pi tasyāmeva pratijñāyāṃ samānadharmatvāt sthāpanāvākyavaditi tṛtīye nedaṃ pratiṣedhakam ākāśadharmatvāt sthāpanāvākyavaditi vyāghātaḥ | tadetat sarvaṃ manasi kṛtya sādharmyādasiddheḥ pratiṣedhāsiddhiḥ pratiṣedhyasādharmyādharmasya tadatadrūpavikalpānupapattitaḥ dharmiṇastadviśiṣṭatvabhaṅgo nityasamo bhavet ### [2.28.p1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.tarkikaraksa.2.28.p1) vāsthā uttaratrātatsvabhāvānāṃ ghaṭādīnāmanityatā na syāt | teṣāṃ cānityatvasvabhāvatve dravyatvavyāghāta ityādiḥ sarūpeṇa pravṛttiḥ | virūpeṇa tu nityaḥ śabda iti pratijñāyāṃ nityatvayogānnityaḥ | tacca dharmiṇobhinnamabhinnaṃ vā bhinnaṃ cet bhinnatvayogāt tadapi bhinnatvāntarayogādityanavasthāpātaḥ | nityatvadharmasya dharmiṇaḥ śabdādabhinnatve dharmadharmiṇoranyatara evāvaśiṣyate tatra dharmamātrasthitāvāśrayāsiddhiḥ | dharmimātrasthitau sādhyābhāvena kālātītaprasaṅgaḥ | tathā anityaḥ śabda ### [2.28.p2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.tarkikaraksa.2.28.p2) ityukte anityatvaṃ kāryamakāryaṃ vā | kāryamapi śabdena sahotpadyate tataḥ pūrvaṃ paścādvā | na prathamaḥ kalpaḥ ## Linked texts (3) - [Nyāyamañjarī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayamanjari.2.8.134) — Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Text of the Tokyo Indology Student Team](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra!vatsyayana*tokyo.494.3) — Sanskrit - [Nyāyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.nyayasutra.5.1.33) — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.tarkikaraksa.2.28](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nyaya.prakarana.tarkikaraksa.2.28) · Pramāṇa